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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 1411982X     EISSN : 23548509     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
The journal publishes primary research articles from any source if they make a significant original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding of some aspect of agricultural science in Indonesia. The definition of agricultural science is kept as wide as possible to allow the broadest coverage in the journal. Accredited base on Director Decree of Indonesian Institute of Science No. 816/D/2009 with acreditation No. 172/AU1/P2MBI/08/2009. IJAS is newly accredited by the Indonesian Institute of Science in 2012 (No. 473/AU2/P2MI-LIPI/08/2012) for period of 2012-2015.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 352 Documents
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GENOMIC VARIATION OF FIVE INDONESIAN CACAO (Theobroma cacao L.) VARIETIES BASED ON ANALYSIS USING NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING I Made Tasma; Dani Satyawan; Habib Rijzaani; Ida Rosdianti; Puji Lestari; Rubiyo Rubiyo
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 17, No 2 (2016): October 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v17n2.2016.p57-64

Abstract

Indonesian cacao productivity is still low mainly due to the lack availability of superior cacao planting materials. A new breeding method is necessary to expedite cacao yield improvement programs. To date, no study has yet been done to characterize Indonesian cacao varieties at the whole genome level. The objective of this study was to characterize genomic variation of five superior Indonesian cacao varieties using next-generation sequencing. Genetic materials used were five Indonesian cacao varieties, i.e. ICCRI2, ICCRI3, ICCRI4, SUL2 and ICS13. Genome sequences were mapped to the cacao reference genome sequence of Criollo variety. Sequence alignment and genomic variation discovery were done using Bowtie2 and mpileup software of Samtools, respectively. A total of 2,326,088 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 362,081 insertions and deletions (Indels) were obtained from this study. In average, a DNA variant was identified in every 121 nucleotides of the genome sequence. Most of the DNA variants were located outside the genes. Only 347,907 SNPs and Indels (13.18%) were located within protein coding region (exon).  Among the DNA variations within exon, 188,949 SNPs caused missense mutation and 1,535 SNPs induced nonsense mutation.  Unique gene-based SNPs were also discovered from this study that can be used as fingerprints for the particular cacao variety. The DNA variants obtained were excellent DNA marker resources to support cacao breeding programs. The SNPs discovered are useful as materials for genome-wide SNP chip development to be used for gene and QTL tagging of important traits for expediting national cacao breeding program.
INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY OF NEWLY OPENED PADDY FIELD IN TIDAL SWAMPY AREAS USING A LOCAL SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGY Sulakhudin Sulakhudin; Muhammad Hatta
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 19, No 1 (2018): June 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v19n1.2018.p9-16

Abstract

Expansion of new paddy land for rice in the tidal area is still experiencing problems, especially their toxic concentrations of Fe which can affect soil productivity. Efforts to improve the productivity of the newly opened paddy fields of tidal swampland are with drainage and specific nutrient management. The purpose of this research is an effort to increase the productivity of land through drainage management and application of ameliorant against iron toxicity in rice at the newly opened tidal swampland. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design is repeated 5 times.  The results  showed  that  technology  of  1 week drying and 1 week inundation, limed 2 t ha-1 and fertilized N 112.5 kg ha-1, P2O5 22.5 kg ha-1, K2O 67.5 kg ha-1 and organic materials by 5 t ha-1, can increase rice yields by 237% from 1.40 t ha-1 to 4.72 t ha-1 of dry milled grain and can reduce 50% of Fe in the soil content of 384 ppm to 192 ppm in the newly opened paddy fields of tidal swampland in dry season. While the rainy season, technology of 1 week drying and 2 week inundation, limed 2 t ha-1 and fertilized of N 86.25 kg ha-1, P2O5 30 kg ha-1, K2O 15 kg ha-1, and organic materials by 5 t ha-1, can increase rice yield 272 % from 1.21 t ha-1 to 4.50 t ha-1 of dry milled grain and can reduce 51.88% of Fe in the soil content of 1,168 ppm to 769 ppm. 
HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF SOME INDONESIAN RICE VARIETIES AND THEIR PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES Sri Widowati; Made Astawan; Deddy Muchtadi; Tutik Wresdiyati
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 7, No 2 (2006): October 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v7n2.2006.p57-66

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a spectrum of inherited and acquired disorders characterized by elevating blood glucose levels. Diabetes is an abnormal carbohydrate metabolism, therefore, diet therapy for diabetics plays a key role in the management of the disease. Most Indonesian people consume rice as source of energy and protein. Generally, diabetics consume very limited rice because they believe that rice is the one of hyperglycemic food, even though different rice varieties have large range of glycemic index. The study aimed to evaluate hypoglycemic properties by using rat assay and chemical characteristics of 10 Indonesian rice varieties, i.e. Pandan Wangi, Rojolele, Bengawan Solo, Cenana Bali, Memberamo, Celebes, Ciherang, Batang Piaman, Cisokan, and Lusi. Taj Mahal, an herbal ponni imported rice, was used as a comparison. Male Sprague Dawley rats (150- 200 g body weight) were used for hypoglycemic assay. The rats were fasted overnight before the blood glucose was measured in the morning. The rats were then feed with 4.5 g rice per kg body weight by oral administration, followed by 1 ml of 10% glucose solution in the next 30 minutes. The blood glucose was measured for the next 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. Changes in blood glucose concentrations (mg dl-1) before and after the oral administrations were calculated for each rice variety tested. Results showed that Cisokan and Batang Piaman were categorized as low glycemic responses and Ciherang as high glycemic response, while the other varieties (Memberamo, Cenana Bali, Lusi, Bengawan Solo, Pandan Wangi, Celebes, and Rojo Lele) showed moderate glycemic responses. As the best hypoglycemic activity, Cisokan contained high amylose (27.6%), fat (0.87%), total dietary fiber (6.24%), resistant starch (2.02%), and lowest starch digestibility (52.2%), which are ideal for diabetic’s consumption. Ciherang as the worst hypoglycemic activity had low resistant starch (1.78%), low total dietary fiber (4.52%), and medium amylose (23.0%). This study implies that Cisokan variety is suitable for diabetic’s consumption.
CONTRIBUTION TO THE PHYLOGENY OF THE PANGASIIDAE BASED ON MITOCHONDRIAL 12S RDNA L. Pouyaud; R. Gustiano; G.G. Teugels
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 5, No 2 (2004): October 2004
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v5n2.2004.p4562

Abstract

Catfishes are generally one of the economically important groups of fresh and brackish water fishes in the world. In many countries, they form a significant part of inland fisheries, and several species have been  introduced in fish culture. Judging from literature, the main constraint to cultivate wild species and to optimise the production of pangasiid catfishes is due to the poorly documented systematics of this family. In the present contribution, the phylogenetic relationships within Pangasiidae are studied to contribute to a better insight in their taxonomy and evolution. The genetic relatedness is inferred using mitochondrial 12S rDNA gene sequences. To resolve the phylogenetic position of Laides in this group of catfish, five genera of Asian and African Schilbeidae are also considered. The results showed that a species group (complex) could be clearly seen in the genetic tree. Pangasius is more derive than the other genera. By using approximate molecular clock/evolutionary calibration from  mitochondrial gene, a new episode of  speciation for the family marked explosive radiation about 5- 8 million years ago (mya). This adaptive radiation extended until the Late Pleistocene. Regarding the relationships between the Pangasiidae and Schilbeidae, two families show an allopatric distribution with slight overlap. The Pangasiidae occur mainly in Southeast Asia, while the Schilbeidae are seen mainly on the Indian subcontinent (including Myanmar) and Africa. It confirms the separation between  Schilbeidae and Pangasiidae occurred in the Early Miocene.
METHANE EMISSION FROM DIRECT SEEDED RICE UNDER THE INFLUENCES OF RICE STRAW AND NITRIFICATION INHIBITOR A. Wihardjaka; S. Djalal Tandjung; B. Hendro Sunarminto; Eko Sugiharto
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 13, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v13n1.2012.p1-11

Abstract

Incorporation of rice straw into soil is a common practice to improve soil productivity and increase inorganic fertilizer availability. However, this practice could contribute to methane (CH4) emission; one of the greenhouse gases that causes global warming. Nitrification inhibitors such as neem cake and carbofuran may reduce methane emission following application of rice straw. The study aimed to evaluate the application of rice straw and nitrification inhibitor to methane emission in rainfed lowland rice system. A factorial randomized block design was used with three replications. The first factor was rice straw incorporation (5 t ha-1 fresh straw, 5 t ha-1 composted straw), and the second factor was nitrification inhibitor application (20 kg ha-1 neem cake, 20 kg ha-1 carbofuran). The experiment was conducted at rainfed lowland in Pati, Central Java, during 2009/2010 wet season. Ciherang variety was planted as direct seeded rice with spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm in each plot of 4 m x 5 m. The rice straw was treated together with soil tillage, whereas nitrification inhibitor was applied together with urea application. Parameters observed were methane flux, plant height, plant biomass, grain yield, organic C content, and bacterial population in soil. The methane flux and soil organic C were measured at 25, 45, 60, 75, and 95 days after emergence. The results showed that composted rice straw incorporation significantly emitted methane lower (73.2 ± 6.6 kg CH4 ha-1 season-1) compared to the fresh rice straw (93.5 ± 4.0 CH4 ha-1 season-1). Application of nitrification inhibitors neem cake and carbofuran reduced methane emission as much as 20.7 and 15.4 kg CH4 ha-1 season-1, respectively. Under direct seeded rice system, methane flux level correlated with plant biomass as shown by linear regression of Y = 0.0015 X + 0.0575 (R2 = 0.2305, n = 27). This means that higher plant biomass produced more methane flux. The study indicates that application of nitrification inhibitors such as neem cake is prospective in decreasing methane emission from direct seeded rice cropping. 
SOYBEAN SEEDLING ROOT GROWTH PROMOTION BY 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLATE DEAMINASE-PRODUCING PSEUDOMONADS Edi Husen; Aris Tri Wahyudi; Antonius Suwanto; Rasti Saraswati
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 10, No 1 (2009): April 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v10n1.2009.p19-25

Abstract

Pseudomonad producing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase (E.C.4.1.99.4) has been known to promote plant growth by lowering ethylene biosynthesis in higher plants, which can be induced by indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production. The objective of this study was to examine the ability of IAAproducing Pseudomonas isolated from local soil environment (rhizosphere of soybean grown in Plumbon's agricultural areain Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia) to promote soybean root growth in relation to their ACC deaminase activities. The experiments were conducted in growth room and Laboratory of Soil Biology Research, Indonesian Soil Research Institute, Bogor, from January to August 2008. Soybean seeds were inoculated by immersing the seeds for 1 hour in bacterial cell suspension containing approximately 108-109 cells ml-1. The seeds were then germinatedfor 2 days before planting in growth pouches containing sterilized distilled water. All treated and untreated seeds were grown for 7 days in growth room at 24°C with 1300 lux of light intensity for 12-hour followed by a 12-hour dark period at 22°C. ACC deaminase activity of the isolates was assayed based on their ability to grow in Dworkin-Foster’s salt minimal medium containing ammonium sulfate or ACC as a source of nitrogen. Thirteen out of 81 isolates tested significantly increased soybean root length and weight, up to 50% from untreated plants. Of 13 isolates, 11 demonstrated ACC deaminase activities. Two isolates that did not show ACC deaminase activities had lower capacity to produce IAA. The results suggest that the effectiveness of IAA producing Pseudomonas in promoting the growth of the soybean seedlings is associated with their ACC deaminase activities or they produce IAA at low levels.
EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION FREQUENCY AND LEAF DETACHMENT ON CHRYSANTHEMUM GROWN IN TWO TYPES OF PLASTIC HOUSE K. Budiarto; Y. Sulyo; E. Dwi S.N.; R.H.M. Maaswinkel
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 8, No 1 (2007): April 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v8n1.2007.p39-42

Abstract

Chrysanthemum is one of important ornamentals in Indonesia and it ranks in the first quantity of cut flower marketed every year. In most cases, the low productivity is still a constraint for the traditional growers to make production process profitable. Several problems revealed in chrysanthemum production were investigated. The study dealt with the effect of two types of plastic house constructions, irrigation frequency, and leaf detachment on the growth and development of chrysanthemum. The experiment was conducted at Segunung, Indonesian Ornamental Plants Research Institute during the dry season of 2005. A nested design with six replications was used. The results showed that plants grown in wood-constructed plastic house had better growth performance and flower quality than those under bamboo plastic house. Longer stem and higher plant fresh weight with more flowers and longer life span were also observed on chrysanthemum irrigated four times per week than those irrigated twice per week. Leaf removal often practiced by the growers is no longer recommended, since the number of leaves on the plant influenced all parameters observed. The more leaves were detached, the more negative impacts on plant growth were found.
SCREENING OF SOIL BACTERIA FOR PLANT GROWTH PROMOTION ACTIVITIES IN VITRO Edi Husen
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 4, No 1 (2003): April 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v4n1.2003.p27-31

Abstract

Fourteen isolates of soil bacteria, including two known plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains, Azotobacter vinelandii Mac 259 and Bacillus cereus UW 85, were tested in vitro. Parameters assessed were indoleacetic acid (IAA) production, phosphate solubilization, dinitrogen fixation, and siderophore (Fe-III chelating agent) production. IAA production was assayed colorimetrically using ferric chlorideperchloric acid reagent. Phosphate-solubilization and siderophore production were tested qualitatively by plating the bacteria in Pikovskaya and chrome azurol S agar, respectively. The ability to fix dinitrogen was measured based on nitrogenase activity of the bacteria by gas chromatography. The results showed that twelve isolates produced IAA, ranged from 2.09 to 33.28 µmol ml-1. The ability to solubilize precipitated phosphate was positively exhibited by four isolates (BS 58, BTS, TCaR 61, and BTCaRe 65). Seven isolates including Mac 259 positively produced siderophore. None of the isolates showed nitrogenase activity. Only one isolate (TS 3) did not exhibit any of the traits tested. Isolate TCeRe 60 and reference strain Mac 259 were found to have IAA- and siderophore-producing traits. Four P-solubilizing bacteria (BS 58, BTS, TCaR 61, and BTCaRe 65) were also IAA- and siderophore-producing bacteria. Potential use of these PGPR isolates needs further test in enhancing plant growth.
CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS AND GRAIN YIELD OF RICE FOR TIDAL SWAMP AREAS Aris Hairmansis; Bambang Kustianto; Suwarno Suwarno
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 11, No 1 (2010): April 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v11n1.2010.p11-15

Abstract

Development of rice varieties for tidal swamp areas is emphasized on the improvement of rice yield potential in specific environment. However, grain yield is a complex trait and highly dependent on the other agronomic characters; while information related to the relationship between agronomic characters and grain yield in the breeding program particularly for tidal swamp areas is very limited. The objective of this study was to investigate relationship between agronomic characters and grain yield of rice as a basis for selection of high yielding rice varieties for tidal swamp areas. Agronomic characters and grain yield of nine advanced rice breeding lines and two rice varieties were evaluated in a series of experiments in tidal swamp areas, Karang Agung Ulu Village, Banyuasin, South Sumatra, for four cropping seasons in dry season (DS) 2005, wet season (WS) 2005/2006, DS 2006, and DS 2007. Result from path analysis revealed that the following characters had positive direct effect on grain yield, i.e. number of productive tillers per hill (p = 0.356), number of filled grains per panicle (p = 0.544), and spikelet fertility (p = 0.215). Plant height had negative direct effect (p = -0.332) on grain yield, while maturity, number of spikelets per panicle, and 1000-grain weight showed negligible effect on rice grain yield. Present study suggests that indirect selection of high yielding tidal swamp rice can be done by selecting breeding lines which have many product tive tillers, dense filled grains, and high spikelet fertility.
PRELIMINARY ECOLOGOCAL STUDY OF Rhizobium : SELECTION OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT MUTANTS OF Rhizobium PMA295 NODULATING Sesbania sesban Nurhayati D. Purwantari
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 1, No 1 (2000): April 2000
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v1n1.2000.p16-20

Abstract

This study was designed to provide strain for studying the ecology of Rhizobium when it was used to inoculate seed sown in the soil or in the field. Naturally occurring antibiotic resistant mutant strains of Rhizobium PMA295 nodulating Sesbania sesban were selected by antibiotic selection method. The isolates should be as effective  in nitrogen fixation as the parental  wild-type strain. Authentication of mutant isolates showed that these rifampicin mutant isolates could nodulate test plant and most nodules formed by the rifampicin 50 ppm and streptomycin 500 ppm mutant isolates were red in colour. These twenty isolates can be regarded as rhizobia. The most effective mutant, isolates PMA295 selected on rifampicin 50 ppm was also resistant to rifampicin 60, 70, 80, and 90 ppm. The effectiveness of most mutant strains was not significantly different from their parent strains. The rifampicin 50 ppm mutant strain of Rhizobium PMA295 could be used as inoculant for ecological study.

Page 17 of 36 | Total Record : 352

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