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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 1411982X     EISSN : 23548509     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
The journal publishes primary research articles from any source if they make a significant original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding of some aspect of agricultural science in Indonesia. The definition of agricultural science is kept as wide as possible to allow the broadest coverage in the journal. Accredited base on Director Decree of Indonesian Institute of Science No. 816/D/2009 with acreditation No. 172/AU1/P2MBI/08/2009. IJAS is newly accredited by the Indonesian Institute of Science in 2012 (No. 473/AU2/P2MI-LIPI/08/2012) for period of 2012-2015.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 352 Documents
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STUDY OF MILLING PROCESS AND ITS EFFECT ON VITAMIN B1 AND FOLIC ACID CONTENTS ON LOWLAND RICE PROMISING LINES Siti Dewi Indrasari; Shinta Dewi Ardhiyanti; Buang Abdullah
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 15, No 2 (2014): October 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v15n2.2014.p79-85

Abstract

Rice is an important source of vitamin B1 and folic acid, but cultivated rice cultivars contain low of these nutrient. Breeding program had been conducted and several advanced lines with a high vitamin B and folic acid contents were found. This research aimed to study the contents of vitamin B1 and folic acid in the brown rice and milled rice of fifteen promising lowland rice lines. Dried paddy (14% moisture content) were husked in the mini husker (Satake THU 35A) to obtain brown rice and milled rice by using abrasive-type mini polisher (Satake TM-05, 1,450 RPM for 2 minutes). Vitamin B1 and folic acid in the brown rice and milled rice were determined by using HPLC equipped with fluorescence detector for vitamin B1 and UV detector for folic acid. Four out of fifteen rice lines studied showed a unique characteristic of vitamin B1 content in the brown rice and milled rice. Rice lines which have highest vitamin B1 in the brown rice were B10267-4-PN-6-2-3-2-2-2-3-3-2 (3.03 mg 100 g-1), B10876H-MR-2 (2.13 mg 100 g-1), B10531E-KN-1-2-PN-1-4-2 (1.33 mg 100 g-1) and B12411E-RS*-1-2-1 (1.21 mg 100 g-1). However after milling, 43-92% of their vitamin B1 were lost; the least loss was observed in B12411E-RS*-1-2-1 (1.21 mg 100 g-1) which was only  4%. Three out of fifteen rice lines studied has highest folic acid in brown rice, i.e. BP400G-PN-12-3-6 (158.5 µg 100 g-1), B10876H-MR-2 (152.0 µg 100 g-1), and B11742-RS*-2-3-MR-5-5-1-Si-1-3 (100.0 µg 100 g-1). After milling the line B10876H-MR-2 had the highest folic acid content (52.0 µg 100 g-1), much higher than that of Ciherang variety as a control. This study indicates the importance of having a suitable milling instrument to minimize loss of vitamin B1 and folic acid. The study also suggests the importance of creating new rice cultivars that have high nutrient and resistant to milling process.
EVALUATION OF FOUR INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT PACKAGES FOR CONTROLLING MAIN PESTS OF COTTON IN RAINFED FIELDS Nurindah Nurindah; Dwi Adi Sunarto
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 15, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v15n1.2014.p1-10

Abstract

Cotton production nationally is low due to various constraints, including pests. Two main pests commonly found in cotton plantation in rain fed fields are cotton leafhopper (Amrasca biguttula) and cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera). The study aimed to evaluate four packages of integrated pest management (IPM) techniques to control cotton leafhopper and cotton bollworm in rain fed fields. The experiment was conducted in farmers’ fields at Asembagus, East Java, between January and July 2012. Four packages of IPM evaluated were cotton varieties, i.e. Kanesia 10 or Kanesia 13, and seed treatment with synthetic insecticide (imidacloprid) before sowing or spraying molasses (10 ml L-1 water) as food for natural enemies. The cotton plants were intercropped with groundnut and sprayed with neem seed extract (NSE) at the action threshold level for pest control. These packages were compared among themselves and also with the methods usually used by farmers, i.e. planting cotton variety Kanesia 8 intercropped with groundnut and pest control using synthetic chemical insecticides. Twenty five plants were sampled randomly per plot and measured for their growth, leafhopper and  bollworm populations, as well as cotton seed yield per plot. Observations were made weekly, starting at 30 days after planting (DAP) until 120 DAP. The results showed that the use of Kanesia 10 or Kanesia 13 intercropped with groundnut and spraying molasses to conserve natural enemies was the best  pest management practice and superior to farmers’ practices. Conserving natural enemies is not only profitable (saving production cost of IDR1,150,000 to IDR1,500,000 ha-1 season-1), but also safe for the environment (no need to spray chemical insecticides).
EFFECTS OF LATE BLIGHT RESISTANT POTATO CONTAINING RB GENE ON THE SOIL MICROBES, PESTS AND PLANT DISEASES Eny Ida Riyanti; Edy Listanto; Alberta Dinar Ambarwati
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 15, No 2 (2014): October 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v15n2.2014.p47-54

Abstract

Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is an important disease on potato.  Several potato hybrids have been generated by crossing local varieties (Atlantic and Granola) with Katahdin SP951 which contains late blight resistance gene RB.  Prior to release, these hybrids need to be evaluated for their environ-mental effects on non-target organisms and natural pests and diseases. The objectives of the study were to investigate the effect of LBR potato hybrids on beneficial soil microbes, pests and diseases. The trial was conducted in the confined field trial (CFT) in Lembang, West Java. The parental non-transgenic (NT) clones (Granola, Atlantic and Katahdin) and LBR hybrids (four clones of Atlantic x Katahdin SP951 hybrids; 10 clones of Granola x Katahdin SP951) were planted at a plant spacing of 30 cm x 70 cm. Fungicide applications were used as treat-ments (no spray, five and twenty times sprays). The experi-ment was arranged in a randomized completely block design with three replications. The parameters determined were popula-tions of N2 fixing and P solubilizing bacteria, soil C/N ratio as well as natural pests and diseases. The results showed that the transgenic LBR potato hybrids did not have negative effect on N fixing bacteria. The bacterial populations were around 1010-11 cells g-1 soil before planting, 1012 cells at 1.5 months after planting (MAP) and 108 cells after harvest. For P- solubilizing bacteria, their populations were 1010 cells before planting, 1012 cells at 1.5 MAP and 1011 cells g-1  soil after harvest. The soil C/N ratio of the transgenic plot was not statistically different compared to non-transgenic plot, i.e. 12-15 before planting, 10-11 at 1.5 MAP, and 10 after harvest in non-spray plot. Pests and diseases such as Alternaria solani, Liriomyza, potato tubber moth, aphid and mites on the transgenic and non-transgenic plots were statistically not different. The resistance score for A. solani was 7.2 (parental tansgenic) and 7.6 (parental non-transgenic); for Liriomyza it was 2.07 (parental transgenic) and 2.32 insect per plant (parental non-transgenic), the PTM was 0.63 (parental transgenic) and 0.73 insect per plant (parental non-transgenic), aphid and mites were 0.75 (parental transgenic) and 1.68 insects per plant (parental non-transgenic). The study indicated that LBR potato hybrids did not have any negative impacts on non-target organisms.
GENETIC VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY AND EXPECTED GENETIC ADVANCES OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS IN F2 PROGENIES OF SOYBEAN CROSSES Lukman Hakim; Suyamto Suyamto; Eman Paturohman
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 15, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v15n1.2014.p11-16

Abstract

The F2 progenies of crosses among three soybean varieties were evaluated with their parents at Ngale Experimental Farm, Ngawi, East Java during the dry season of 2011. The experi-ment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replications. The seeds of each F2 progenies and parents were planted in two rows of 4.5 m long. Plant spacing was 40 cm x 15 cm and each hill contained one plant. Among the characters studied, seed weight per plant, number of pods per plant and days to maturity had the highest coefficient of variability with the means of 52.6%, 48.2% and 41.9%, respectively. Whereas seed size, plant height and number of reproductive nodes had moderate values of 36.9%, 35.5% and 37.4%, respectively. Number of branches and days to flowering had the lowest variability of 11.7% and 15.3%, respectively. Number of pods per plant, days to maturity, plant height and seed size had high mean estimates of heritability coupled with high genetic advance. The genetic progress of these characters that would be obtained for one generation of selection was estimated 47.2%, 45.7%, 40.9% and 40.3%, respectively. Among the agronomic characters, plant height, number of pods per plant, seed size and days to maturity had the highest coefficient of variability associated with high heritability and genetic advance. Therefore, selection for high yielding with early maturity soybean genotypes based on plant height, number of pods per plant and seed size might be possible.
IMPROVEMENT OF EARLY MATURITY IN RICE VARIETY BY MARKER ASSISTED BACKCROSS BREEDING OF Hd2 GENE Fatimah Fatimah; Joko Prasetiyono; Ahmad Dadang; Tasliah Tasliah
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 15, No 2 (2014): October 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v15n2.2014.p55-64

Abstract

Early-maturing and high-yielding rice variety is very useful for increasing rice production in Indonesia. The aim of this research was to develop new lines of Indonesian rice containing Hd2 gene using Code variety as a recipient parent and Nipponbare variety as a donor parent through targetted MAB approach using RM1362 and RM7601 in chromosom 7 for foreground selection. After two generations of backcrossing, the positive alleles of Hd2 gene from Nipponbare had successfully trans-ferred into Code. The plant number CdNp_29 in BC2F2 popula-tion had the highest genome recovery of 82.7%. The twelve BC2F3 plants were selected for self-pollination to generate BC2F4. These selected lines that carried the Hd2 gene were screened in the greenhouse for the evaluation of heading date and agronomic traits. All improved lines had Hd2 gene similar to the donor parent Nipponbare. The heading date of the breeding lines ranged from 73 to 89 days (Code 85 days) or fill the third criterion of rice maturity that is 103-104 days compared to Code of 116-119 days, whereas their agronomic performances were similar with that of Code. Application of MABc for im-proving rice early maturity has accelerated the development and selection in early generation of superior lines having genetic background of Code. It is expected that the newly developed lines of Code will be utilized to increase rice production in Indonesia.
DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EASTERN AND WESTERN INDONESIA Puspi Eko Wiranthi; Heny Kuswanti Suwarsinah; Andriyono Kilat Adhi
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 15, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v15n1.2014.p17-28

Abstract

Indonesian Food Security Council in 2009 issued a Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas (FSVA) which stated that there were 100 districts in Indonesia which were most vulnerable to food insecurity and 79% of which were located in eastern region. By using Susenas regular data in 2008, this study aimed to analyze determinants of household food security in eastern compared to western region. The ordered logistic regression model was employed to investigate the determinants of household food security. The result showed that most of households in Indonesia were vulnerable to food insecurity (41.76%). The percentage in eastern region (48.56%) was higher than that in western region (41.76%). Increase in expenditure equivalent, age and education level of household head, female household head, small household size, household head’s occupation in non-agriculture and urban household would increase the probability of a household to become food secure in both regions. The difference was in the factor of access to electricity in eastern and access to safe drinking water and loan in western region. Policies which aim to increase education, credit access, and intensive family planning have big roles in improving household food security.
ASSESSING GLOBAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY UNDER COLDEST AND WARMEST PERIODS AT DIFFERENT LATITUDINAL REGIONS Eleonora Runtunuwu; Akihiko Kondoh
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 9, No 1 (2008): April 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v9n1.2008.p7-18

Abstract

Effect of climate change on water balance will play a key role in the biosphere system. To study the global climate change impact on water balance during 95-year period (1901-1995), long-term grid climatic data including global mean monthly temperature and precipitation at 0.5 x 0.5 degree resolution were analysed. The trend and variation of climate change, the time series of monthly air temperature and precipitation data were aggregated into annual arithmetic means for two extreme periods (1901-1920 and 1990-1995). The potential evapotranspiration (Eo) was calculated using Thornthwaite method.The changes in mean annual value were obtained by subtracting the maximum period data from 1990 to 1995 (Max) with the minimum period data from 1901 to 1920 (Min). The results revealed that over 95-year period, mean global air temperature increased by 0.57oC. The temperature increase varied greatly in Asia, with more than 3.0oC, especially at 45-70oN, as well over the northern part of America (60-65oN) and Europe (55- 75oN). In low latitude across Asia, Africa, and South America, the variation was less than 1.5oC. In 80-85ºN region, the variation was relatively small and at higher latitudes it increasedsignificantly. Precipitation varied temporally and spatially. In the 40-45ºN and 40-45ºS regions, increasing precipitation of more than 100 mm occurred during the June-August andSeptember-November, especially in the northern hemisphere. The Eo increase of 2000 mm during 95 years occurred in the tropical northern America, middle Africa, and South-East Asia. A grid in Central Java of Indonesia showed that the Eo increase of 2500 mm during 95 years resulted in the decrease of growing period by 100 days. In coping with climate change, adjustment of cropping calendar is imperative.
DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE OF MITES IN A MANDARIN CITRUS ORCHARD IN WEST SUMATRA Affandi Affandi; Leonila A. Corpuz-Raros
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 6, No 2 (2005): October 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v6n2.2005.p52-58

Abstract

Some of the most destructive pests in citrus orchards are spider mites. Monitoring prior applied pest control is a standard procedure for integrated pest management (IPM). The study aimed to survey and determine the distribution, abundance, and diversity of phytophagous, predatory, and detritivorous mites at different stages of development of arboreal plant parts, weeds and litter in the citrus orchard. A periodical sampling survey method was conducted on six growth stages of mandarin citrus, weeds and litter of the Indonesian Fruits Research Institute experimental field in Solok, West Sumatra in December 2003 to June 2004. All mites attached on each growth stage of citrus, weeds and litter were trapped and mounted on slide for identification purposes. Identification of the mites was conducted in the Acarology Laboratory, Department of Entomology, University of the Philippines at Los Banos in July-October 2004. The results showed that a very rich mite fauna of 130 species was found in the arboreal parts of citrus crops, weeds and litter below the canopy of the citrus orchard. Among the trophic groups, detritivorous mites were the most abundant, followed by the predators, phytophages, and those unknown feeding habit. Among the habitats, weeds harbored the most mite species followed by litter and arboreal parts of the citrus trees. The flush growth stage had the least diverse mite fauna with index diversity (H’) of 1.27, while the most diverse (H’ = 2.01) was found at fruit development phase II. Result of this research was useful in determining proper time for controlling phytophagous mites. Besides, the result also provides important information on potential predatory mites that can be used as biological control agents. Furthermore, the study implies the importance of maintaining cover crops of weeds and litter beneath the citrus trees as refuge and source of alternate prey for predators which suppressed populations of phytophagous mites.
CHEMICAL AND MINERALOGICAL PROPERTIES OF ULTISOLS OF SASAMBA AREA, EAST KALIMANTAN B.H. Prasetyo; N. Suharta; Subagyo H.; Hikmatullah Hikmatullah
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 2, No 2 (2001): October 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v2n2.2001.p37-47

Abstract

Ultisols are a major group of marginal soils extensively found in the upland area of Indonesia. To better understand the potential of the Ultisols developed from claystone and sandstone in the Sasamba Integrated Economical Development Area in East Kalimantan, chemical and mineralogical characteristics of 27 Ultisols pedons consisting of 76 topsoil and 118 subsoil samples were investigated. Besides analysis and interpretation of data, relationships of several soil characteristics were constructed using simple regression. The results indicated that Ultisols showed acid to very acid reaction, had low content of organic matter and low base saturation. Soils generally exhibited net negative charge, and the point of zero charge was reached at pH 3.6. Both potential and available phosphates were low, and there was a trend that amorphous aluminum was responsible for phosphate fixation. The low content of exchangeable potassium in topsoil and subsoil indicated a positive correlation with potential potassium. Clay mineral was composed chiefly of kaolinite, with small amounts of illite, vermiculite, and quartz. The domination of kaolinite and low organic matter content causes the soils to have low cation exchange capacity. Soil management in this area should be focused on building up and maintaining soil fertility, and applying appropriate soil conservation techniques to minimize erosion. To obtain sustained productivity, various soil amendments including the use of farm and/or green manure, liming with agricultural lime, and application of rock phosphate and K fertilizers were highly recommended.
PERFORMANCE OF GRAIN QUALITY AND AROMA OF AROMATIC NEW PLANT TYPE PROMISING RICE LINES Angelita Puji Lestari; Buang Abdullah; Ahmad Junaedi; Hajrial Aswidinnoor
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 12, No 2 (2011): October 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v12n2.2011.p83-93

Abstract

Grain quality and aroma are important characteristics of rice that affect consumer acceptance. This research was conducted to study the grain quality and aroma of aromatic new plant type (NPT) promising rice lines. Thirty five lines as well as Ciherang and Sintanur varieties were planted at Bogor and Pusakanagara, West Java in the dry season (DS) 2009 and wet season (WS) 2009. Three methods, i.e. leaf aroma tested with KOH, rice aroma tested in the test tube, and cooked rice aroma test, were used to evaluate the aroma of the lines. The results showed that line B11742-RS*2-3-MR-34-1-2-1 was aromatic identified using different methods. The line had long, slender, and small chalkiness grains, high percentage of head rice, high amylose, and hard texture. Lines IPB 140-F-6, B11249-9C-PN-3-3-2-2-MR-1, and B11955-MR-84-1-4 also had a high aroma score and grain yield. Testing leaf aroma with KOH can be used as early selection method in breeding program for aromatic lines. Lines derived from aromatic parents from highlands of South Sulawesi did not show consistent aroma under three testing methods. Those tested lines had good grain quality, both physical and cooked rice quality.

Page 16 of 36 | Total Record : 352

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