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INDONESIA
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 19070799     EISSN : 27227731     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
diterbitkan oleh Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian, Jurnal Sumberdaya lahan terbit 2 kali setahun memuat suatu tinjauan terhadap hasil-hasil penelitian atau terhadap suatu topik yang berkaitan dengan aspek tanah, air, iklim, dan lingkungan pertanian
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 212 Documents
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Sectoral Impact and Current Coping Mechanisms: Water Resources and Agriculture KASDI SUBAGYONO; ERNI SUSANTI
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 3, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v3n1.2009.%p

Abstract

Available water resources and its quality in Indonesia have been deteriorated as an impact of climate change (and/or) environmental degradation. This could affect on farming processes particularly and agricultural development in general. Virtual available surface water gives a figure that available water decreased temporally and spatially. For instance, in Java island with cover 65% of total population only has 4.5% of the total available water in the country. Agriculture is the biggest use of water (about70%), but it will be difficult for farmers to accomplish water requirements. Other users such as domestic (about 6%), industry (about7%), and municipal (about 4%) are also the major users of water in the country, which may raise a conflict among the users in covering the needs. Current mechanisms to cope climate change in water resources management has been executed through adaptation and mitigation measures for supporting farming system. Integrated water resources management plays critical role in coping climate change. This includes prioritizing water requirements, water harvesting, water conservation, appropriate water allocation, and pollution control. For sustainable farming system development, mitigation strategy should also be included in themechanism covering practices of intermittent irrigation to over come high rate of methane emission. Combining water management and tolerance crops to drought and submergence conditions is very valuable in implementing the mechanisms.
Pengelolaan Lahan Kering Beriklim Kering untuk Pengembangan Jagung di Nusa Tenggara Anny Mulyani; Mamat Haris Suwanda
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 13, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v13n1.2019.41-52

Abstract

Abstrak. Wilayah Nusa Tenggara mempunyai lahan kering beriklim kering seluas 4,9 juta ha dengan curah hujan <2.000 mm/tahun dan bulan kering 5-10 bulan, bersolum tanah dangkal dan berbatu. Sebagian lahan tersebut sudah dimanfaatkan menjadi lahan pertanian terutama jagung, akibatnya produktivitas tanaman jagung rendah dibandingkan potensi genetiknya, yaitu sekitar 2,5 ton/ha di NTT dan 5,3 ton/ha di NTB dibanding dengan potensi genetiknya 9 ton/ha. Sejak tahun 2010-2015, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian telah mengembangkan inovasi teknologi pengelolaan lahan kering beriklim kering dan berbatu di beberapa kabupaten di NTT dan NTB, meliputi penyediaan sumberdaya air (dam parit, embung, tampung renteng mini, sumur dangkal), pengenalan varietas unggul baru dan budidaya tanaman pangan. Pembelajaran yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa penyediaan air menjadi titik ungkit untuk meningkatkan indeks pertanaman dan produktivitas tanaman. Inovasi teknologi yang dibutuhkan petani adalah, mudah diterapkan, biaya murah, dan efisien tenaga kerja mendorong berlanjutnya teknologi tersebut meskipun progam tersebut telah selesai. Pada tahun 2014-2018 telah dilaksanakan kegiatan pertanian konservasi melalui dana hibah barang dan jasa yang dikelola FAO. Prinsip dasar pertanian konservasi terdiri atas 3 pilar, yaitu olah tanah terbatas berupa lubang olah permanen, penutupan permukaan tanah, rotasi/tumpangsari. Lubang tanam tersebut diberi pupuk kandang atau kompos, dan ditanami jagung pada 4 penjuru lubang, dan ditumpangsarikan dengan berbagai kacang-kacangan atau tanaman merambat seperti labu kuning yang berfungsi sebagai penutup tanah dan penghasilan tambahan dari kacang-kacangan berumur pendek. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tanah sebelum dan sesudah implementasi pertanian konservasi menunjukkan bahwa pertanian konservasi dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah, retensi air dan meningkatkan produksi tanaman jagung. Abstract. The Nusa Tenggara region has upland area with dry climate of 4.9 million ha, less than 2,000 mm annual rainfall, 5-10 dry months, shallow and rocky soils. Some of the land has been used for agricultural development, especially corn, resulting in low corn productivity of around 2.5 tons / ha in NTT and 5.3 tons / ha in NTB as compared to it genetic potential 9 tons /ha. Since 2010-2015, Indonesian Agency of Agricultural Research and Development has developed innovation of soil management technology for upland with dry climates and and rocky soils in several districts in NTT and NTB. The innovation includes the provision of water resources (dam trenches, reservoirs, mini catchments, and shallow wells), introduction of new high yielding varieties and cultivation crops. The lessons learned show that water supply is the initial point to increase cropping index and crop productivity. Technological innovations needed by farmers are easy to implement, low cost, and labor efficient thereby encourage the continuation of the technology even though the program has been completed. In 2014-2018, conservation agriculture activities were carried out through grants of goods and services managed by Food Agriculture Organization (FAO). The basic principle of conservation agriculture consists of 3 pillars, namely limited tillage in the form of permanent planting holes, cover crops, rotation / intercropping. The planting hole is given manure or compost, and planted with corn in 4 corners, and intercropped with various nuts or vines such as pumpkin that serves as a soil cover and additional income from short-lived beans. Based on the results of soil analysis before and after the implementation of conservation agriculture, it shows that conservation agriculture can increase soil fertility, water retention and increase corn crop production.
Peran Purun Tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) sebagai Penyerap dan Penetral Fe di Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut Khairatun Napisah; Wahida Annisa
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 13, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v13n1.2019.53-59

Abstract

Abstrak. Lahan rawa pasang surut merupakan salah satu agroekosistem potensial untuk pengembangan pertanian, khususnya tanaman pangan. Kendala yang dihadapi antara lain yaitu: kemasaman tanah yang tinggi, ketersediaan unsur hara dalam tanah yang relatif rendah serta kandungan unsur beracun seperti Al, Fe dan H2S. Purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) merupakan tanaman hiperakumulator lahan rawa pasang surut yang memiliki kemampuan dalam menyerap atau menetralisir unsur-unsur meracun. Purun tikus memang memiliki kemampuan menyerap logam berat sebanyak 1% dari bobot keringnya atau setara dengan 1,560 mg kg-1 Fe. Secara umum tanaman hiperakumulator mampu mengakumulasi logam mencapai 11 % dari berat kering. Pada kondisi tergenang logam Fe dapat hilang dari larutan tanah melalui beberapa cara antara lain dengan pengendapan, terjerap pada permukaan liat atau Fe3+ oksida, teroksidasi menjadi Fe3+dan terbawa bersama air drainase. Abstract. Tidal swamp land is one of the potential agroecosystem for agricultural development, especially food plants. The found obstacles here are: high acidity of soil, the availability of nutrients in the soil is relatively low and the content of toxic elements such as Al, Fe and H2S. Purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) is a tidal swamp hyperacumulator plant that has the ability to absorb or neutralize poisonous elements. Purun Tikus has the ability to absorb heavy metals as much as 1% of the dry weight or equivalent to 1.560 mg kg-1 Fe. In general, hyperacumulator plants are able to accumulate metals reached 11% of dry weight. In the inundated conditions, Fe metal can be lost from the soil solution in several ways, among others by precipitation, absorbed on the clay surface or Fe3+ oxide, oxidized to Fe3+ and carried along with drainage water.
Perspektif Pengembangan Tanaman Hortikultura di Lahan Rawa Lebak Dangkal (Kasus di Kalimantan Selatan) Raylander Smith Simatupang; Yanti Rina
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 13, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v13n1.2019.1-15

Abstract

Abstrak. Lahan rawa lebak menjadi sangat penting dalam pembangunan pertanian, luasnya mencapai 13,28 juta ha. Lahan rawa lebak cukup potensial untuk komoditas tanaman hortikultura. Komoditas ini, dapat dikembangkan sebagai sumber protein dan gizi serta sebagai salah satu sumber pendapatan bagi petani yang berada di kawasan tersebut. Agrohidrologi lahan rawa lebak hampir sepanjang tahun mengalami genangan yang relatif dalam, sehingga sistem budidaya hanya dilakukan pada musim kemarau setelah lahan kering. Melalui penerapan inovasi teknologi, yakni penataan lahan dengan sistem surjan lahan rawa lebak dapat dioptimalkan pemanfaatannya khususnya untuk pengembangan tanaman hortikultura, dan sistem budidaya ini dapat dilakukan sepanjang tahun. Sesuai dengan umur tanamannya, tanaman hortikultura dibedakan atas: (1) tamanan hortikultura semusim, yakni jenis tamaman berumur satu musim seperti: cabai, tomat, terung, metimun, labu kuning, gambas, pare, kubis danlainnya, dan (2) tanaman hortikultura tahunan yakni tanaman berumur > 1 tahun (panjang) seperti tanaman jeruk manis (Siam) dan tanaman rambutan. Pengembangan lahan rawa lebak untuk tanaman hortikultura sudah dilakukan oleh petani secara turun temurun sebagai kearifan lokal (local wisdom) bagi petani suku Banjar di Kalimantan Selatan. Hasil analisis ekonomi, komoditas hortikultura jenis tanaman sayur-sayuran memberikan kontribusi yang cukup besar terhadap pendapatan petani, yakni berkisar28,8%-43,5% dan R/C rasionya > 1,0 sehingga budidaya tanaman sayur-sayuran layak dikembangkan. Penataan lahan dengan sistem surjan, tanaman hortikultura tahunan dapat ditanam pada bagian surjan. Tanaman jeruk siam sangat potensial dan memberikan kontribusi yang cukup besar yakni 18,71%-49,3% terhadap pendapatan petani.  
Pengembangan Irigasi Hemat Air untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Pertanian Lahan Kering Beriklim Kering Nono Sutrisno; Nani Heryani
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 13, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v13n1.2019.17-26

Abstract

Abstark. Lahan kering merupakan lahan yang dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan pertanian masih  sangat luas. Diperlukan optimalisasi pertanian lahan kering agar dapat meningkatkan produksi pertanian menuju target jangka panjang menjadi lumbung pangan dunia. Kendala utama pada lahan kering beriklim kering adalah ketersediaan air yang terbatas, sehingga perlu optimalisasi penggunaan air dari sumber air yang tersedia, baik air permukaan (air sungai, embung/danau) maupun air tanah dalam, yaitu melalui irigasi hemat air. Irigasi hemat air dapat meningkatkan layaran irigasi, berarti dapat meningkatkan indeks pertanaman atau meningkatkan luas tanam sehingga produksi pertanian meningkat. Permasalahan irigasi hemat air dalam pengembangannya adalah dari sisi manajemen atau pengelolaannya, mulai dari pemeliharaan bangunan infrastruktur air dan sumber air sampai masalah pemanfaatan dan pendistribusian air. Teknologi irigasi hemat air yang diterapkan prinsipnya berdasarkan kebutuhan air minimum dalam tanah. Irigasi diberikan sesuai dengan kebutuhan minimum air tanaman yaitu lebih rendah dari kebutuhan yang biasa diberikan. Adanya masalah dalam pengembangan irigasi hemat air terkait sumber air yang melintasi wilayah berbeda memerlukan solusi yang tepat. Demikian juga dalam pemeliharaan bangunan infrastruktur air dan sumber air memerlukan perhatian bersama. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan atau membentuk kelembagaan petani baru yang mengurus pengelolaan air irigasi untuk mengatur penggunaan air irigasi, memelihara infrastruktur air dan memelihara sumber air serta mengurangi bahkan menghindari konflik perebutan penggunaan air pada saat air untuk tanaman diperlukan dan jumlah air terbatas dengan menerapkan conflict management.
Farm Scale Nitrogen Balances For Terraced Paddy Field Systems . SUKRISTIYONUBOWO; GIJS DU LIANG
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 4, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v4n2.2010.%p

Abstract

Nitrogen balance at farm scale is not only important to refine the site specific nitrogen fertiliser application rate, but also to estimate how much nitrogen fertiliser should be provided every planting season at district level. The nitrogen fertiliser stock for the district can be calculated by multiplying the total planting areas with nitrogen fertiliser rate per hectare. The aims were to evaluate the nitrogen balance of terraced paddy field systems under conventional farmer practices and improved technologies during the wet season 2003-04 and dry season 2004 and to predict how much nitrogen fertiliser should be provided in every planting season for wetland cultivation in the Semarang district. The nitrogen input-output assessments were carried out in terraced paddy fields for the conventional farmer practices (CFP), conventional farmer practices + rice straw (CFP+RS), improved technology (IT), and improved technology + rice straw (IT+RS) treatments. Balances were computed based on the differences between input and output. Nitrogen originating from fertiliser (IN-1), recycled rice straw (IN-2), irrigation (IN-3), and precipitation (IN-4) were grouped as input. Nitrogen removal by rice grains (OUT-1) and rice straw (OUT-2) was considered as output. The input-output analyses showed negative nitrogen balances for all the treatments, both in the wet season 2003-04 and the dry season 2004. The more nitrogen deficit was observed when the nitrogen volatilisation was considered. The nutrient inputs, particularly coming from inorganic fertilisers, were not sufficient to replace the nitrogen removed by rice grains and straw. The application of only 50 kg of urea/ha/season with and without returning rice straw was not enough to reach the optimal yield and should be left out. To balance the nitrogen deficit and to improve cultural practices in wetland rice farming especially terraced paddy field system, about 200 -250 kg urea/ha/season is recommended when the ammonia volatilisation is not considered, where as when the ammonia volatilisation is taken into account about 250-300 kg urea/ha should be added. When the rice yield of 5.73 t/ha is targeted as reached in the IT+RS treatment even higher and the planting areas in the Semarang district is about 24.833 ha for the wet season, the amount of urea should be provided will be about 4.97-6.21 million tons/season/district, meanwhile for the dry season when about 18,440 ha wetland rice is expected to be cultivated is about 4.61 to 5.53 million tons urea/season/district should be available.
Pengembangan Pertanian Lahan Kering Iklim Kering Melalui Implementasi Panca Kelola Lahan Nani Heryani; Popi Rejekiningrum
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 13, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v13n2.2019.63-71

Abstract

Abstrak. Wilayah lahan kering beriklim kering pada umumnya memiliki curah hujan rendah kurang dari 2000 mm/tahun. Keterbatasan air dan kesuburan tanah yang rendah menjadi kendala dalam pengembangan lahan jenis ini. Selain itu kondisi lahan pada umumnya berbukit dan bergunung dengan solum tanah dangkal dan berbatu. Salah satu upaya peningkatan produktivitas lahan ini adalah melalui aplikasi panca kelola lahan kering iklim kering guna mendukung swasembada pangan, meliputi: pengelolaan air; pemupukan berimbang; pengelolaan bahan organik, ameliorasi dan konservasi tanah; integrasi tanaman ternak; dan penguatan kelembagaan tani. Produktivitas lahan dan indeks pertanaman yang rendah di lahan kering iklim kering memungkinkan untuk ditingkatkan melalui pemberian irigasi suplemen. Sumber irigasi suplemen dapat berasal dari bangunan panen air berupa embung, dam parit, long storage, pemanfaatan air sungai, air tanah dangkal dan dalam. Aplikasi irigasi hemat air bagi tanaman sangat diperlukan pada kondisi air terbatas. Pemupukan berimbang dengan teknologi nano; pengelolaan hara terpadu yang mengkombinasikan pupuk anorganik dengan pupuk organik dan pupuk hayati; pemanfaatan limbah tanaman untuk pakan ternak dan sebaliknya kotoran ternak untuk bahan organik bagi tanaman; serta pendampingan dan pembinaan kelembagaan secara intensif perlu dilakukan untuk keberlanjutan pertanian lahan kering iklim kering. Abstract. Dryland with dry climate areas generally characterized by low rainfall of less than 2000 mm/year. Water limitations and low soil fertility become obstacles in the development of this type of land. In addition, land conditions are generally have a hilly and mountainous area, shallow solum and rocky soil. One of the efforts to increase land productivity is through the application of five land management of dry land with dry climate area to support food self-sufficiency, such as: water management; balanced fertilization; organic matter management, amelioration and soil conservation; livestock crop integration; and strengthening farmer institutions. Low land productivity and cropping index in dry land with dry climate area makes it possible to increase through the aplication of supplementary irrigation. Sources of supplement irrigation were come from water harvesting infrastructures such as water reservoir, channel reservoir, long storage, river water utilization, shallow and deep ground water. Water saving irrigation are very necessary in limited water conditions. Balanced fertilization with nano technology; integrated nutrient management that combines inorganic fertilizers with organic fertilizers and biological fertilizers; utilization of crop waste for animal feed and vice versa livestock manure for organic material for plants; and intensive institutional assistance and guidance, needs to be carried out for the sustainability of dry land with dry climate agriculture.
Pesticide Residue Monitoring on Agriculture in Indonesia Asep Nugraha Ardiwinata; Lin Nuriah Ginoga; Eman Sulaeman; Elisabeth Srihayu Harsanti
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 12, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v12n2.2018.133-144

Abstract

Abstract. Most agricultural producers use pesticides to prevent pests and increase yield and quality of the food they grow. Pesticides can damage people’s health, and lead to birth defects (teratogenic in character) and death in humans and animals. Many of these chemical residues, especially derivatives of organochlorine pesticides, demonstrate dangerous bioaccumulation levels in the body and environment. The problems caused by organochlorine residues (lindan, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor and DDT) on agricultural lands that are still found today are generally the consequence of past usage that dates back to the1960s. Research on pesticide residues in Indonesia was carried out several years ago by various research institutes and universities and some of these results were collected between 1985 and 2017. Data distribution of the results on pesticide residues include in Aceh, North Sumatra, West Sumatra, Jambi, Bengkulu, Lampung, Banten, Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, East Java, Yogyakarta, Bali, South Kalimantan, North Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Gorontalo, Maluku, and Papua. Most of the pesticide residue research has been conducted on vegetables. Pesticide residues were found in various commodities and matrices such as rice, soybeans, cow's milk, chicken eggs, fruit ingredients, vegetables, soil, paddy water, river water, lake water, pond water, sea water, water birds, animal feed, fish, frogs, lamb, birds, eggs, tea, and honey. Pesticide residues found were insecticide (organochlorine, organophosphate, carbamate, pyrethroid), and fungicide (dimethomorp, fenobucarb, propineb, benomyl, carbendazim and thiametoxam). Organochlorine insecticides have been banned, but the residues are still found today. This is due to the nature of organochlorines which have high persistence properties. Even though insecticide residues (organophosphate, carbamate, pirethroid) found in food commodities are still below the maximum residual limit (MRL), namely SNI 7313: 2008, but some close to MRL. Particularly for organochlorine residues in soil, water and plants insecticides must be monitored because they are persistent, toxic and accumulative. This paper aims to review of pesticide residues in various products including food, and the potential impact of pesticide residues on human health. Abstrak. Sebagian besar produsen pertanian menggunakan pestisida untuk mencegah hama dan meningkatkan hasil dan kualitas makanan yang mereka tanam. Pestisida dapat merusak kesehatan manusia, dan bersifat teratogenik dan mematikan pada manusia dan hewan. Banyak dari residu kimia ini, terutama turunan pestisida organoklorin, menunjukkan tingkat bioakumulasi yang berbahaya dalam tubuh manusia dan lingkungan. Masalah tersebut disebabkan oleh residu organoklorin (lindan, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor dan DDT) yang digunakan sejak tahun 1960-an. Penelitian tentang residu pestisida di Indonesia dilakukan beberapa tahun yang lalu oleh berbagai lembaga penelitian dan universitas yang dikumpulkan antara tahun 1985 dan 2017. Distribusi data hasil residu pestisida tersebar di Aceh, Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Barat, Jambi, Bengkulu, Lampung, Banten, Jakarta, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Yogyakarta, Bali, Kalimantan Selatan, Sulawesi Utara dan Selatan, Gorontalo, Maluku, dan Papua. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan menemukan residu pestisida tidak hanya ditemukan di berbagai komoditas pertanian seperti beras, kedelai, susu sapi, telur ayam, bahan buah, sayuran tetapi juga pada tanah, sawah, air sungai, air danau, air kolam, air laut, burung air, pakan ternak, ikan, katak, domba, telur burung, teh, dan madu. Residu pestisida yang banyak ditemukan di lapangan adalah insektisida (organoklorin, organofosfat, karbamat, piretroid), dan fungisida (dimethomorp, fenobucarb, propineb, benomyl, carbendazim dan thiametoxam). Insektisida golongan organoklorin telah dilarang penggunaannya, namun residunya masih ditemukan hingga kini. Hal ini dikarenakan sifat organoklorin yang memiliki sifat persistensi yang tinggi. Residu insektisida (organofosfat, karbamat, piretroid) yang ditemukan di dalam komoditas pangan secara umum masih di bawah batas maksimum residu (BMR) yang mengacu pada standar nasional, yaitu SNI 7313: 2008, namun beberapa residu insektisida telah mendekati BMR. Khusus untuk residu insektisida golongan organoklorin di dalam tanah, air dan tanaman harus dipantau karena sifatnya yang persisten, beracun, dan akumulatif. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji residu pestisida dalam berbagai produk termasuk makanan, dan dampak potensial residu pestisida pada kesehatan manusia.
Land Resource Potential for Agricultural Commodity Development in West Kalimantan Province . HIKMATULLAH; NONO SUTRISNO; ACHMAD HIDAYAT
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 2, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v2n1.2008.%p

Abstract

West Kalimantan province with total areas of 14.64 million ha has already had spatial database of land resources at scale of 1:250,000 resulted from reconnaissance soil mapping (2004-2007). This database can be used for composing agricultural planing at province level. The area is composed of wetland ecosystem which covers 3,659,736 ha (24.99%), drylands with <15% slopes covers 4,356,790 (29.74%) and >15% slopes covers 6,441,956 ha (44.0%). The coverage of existing landuse for agriculture is only about 13.85% of the total area. In general, the area belongs to wet climate with average annual rainfall varies from 2,663 to 4,191 mm, and belongs to A, B1, and C agroclimatic zones. The area has various kinds of parent materials consisting of alluvium, organic matter deposit, old volcanic rocks, intrusive rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks that formed soil orders of Histosols, Entisols, Inceptisols, Spodosols, Ultisols, and Oxisols, which give variation in their properties. The result of the land resource potential analysis for agricultural commodity development is directed to: (a) land intensification for rice fields covers about 221,381ha, upland food crops (maize, upland rice, legumes, tuber crops) covers 173,581 ha, annual or estate crops (rubber, oil palms, coconut, pepper, and coffea) including fruit crops covers 570,266 ha, and for brackish fishpond covers 7,394 ha, and (b) land extensification for rice fields covers 869,133 ha, upland food crops 1,316,058 ha, estate crops (oil palm, rubber, coconut, pepper, coffea) covers 3,098,269 ha (as first priority at 15-25% slopes) and 1,300,374 ha (as second priority at 25-40% slopes), and for brackish fishponds covers 25,437 ha. The availability of spatial land resource information to develop high economic value of agricultural commodities, especially estate crops, would support establishing growth centre of agribusiness and agroindustry in the area.
Increasing the Production Capacity of Upland Food Crops ANNY MULYANI; ACHMAD HIDAYAT
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 3, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v3n2.2009.%p

Abstract

Upland agriculture plays an important role in producing various kinds of food crops. However, data of the annual upland crops areas that are needed as a basis for area extensification planning is not available. Therefore land area of 10 commodities of annual upland crops was estimated based on its comparison with paddy field areas, with the assumption of cropping index of 100 (one crop per year). For example, upland area planted to maize is assumed 60% of the total harvested area of maize, because the remaining 40% is produced in paddy field areas. Based on these predictions, the upland areas planted to 10 food crops is only about 5.53 million ha or 37.7% of the total annual upland agriculture area of 14.6 million ha. To evaluate the production capacity of the upland areas, we grouped those areas based on soil fertility and potential yield for each commodity. The results indicate that if the 5.53 million ha upland areas are used optimally for food crop production, it can produce 2.82 million tons of unhusked upland rice, 9.15 million tons of corn grain, 0.23 million tons of soybean grain, 0.73 million tons of peanuts pods, 0.20 million tons of mungbeans, 20.81 million tons of cassava, 0.58 million tons of sweet potato, 1.0 million tons of potatoes, 0.21 million tons of shallots and 1.3 million tons of sugarcane. If in the coming year, the total area of upland can be increased gradually from 37.7% to 70% of the total available annual upland areas, i.e. to about 10.2 million ha, thus the upland crops production capacity will increase to 4.9 million tons of upland rice , 16.2 million tons of corn, 0.4 million tons of soybeans, 1.5 million tons of peanuts, 0.35 million tons of mungbeans, 37.3 million tons of cassava, one million tons of sweet potatoes, 1.8 million tons of potato, 0.27 million tons of shallots and 2 million tons of sugarcane. By increasing the upland areas of about 5 million, it will lead to the national selfsufficiency of most commodities until the year of 2050, except for soybeans, potatoes and shallots. Therefore, to maintain selfsufficiency in rice and maize , as well as promote self-sufficiency of other food crop production, the extensification of upland agricultural areas for food crops is a prerequisite.

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