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Dinia R Dwijayanti,
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Biotropika
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 23027282     EISSN : 25498703     DOI : 10.21776/ub.biotropika.
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology invites research articles, short communication, and reviews describing new findings/phenomena of biological sciences in tropical regions, specifically in the following subjects, but not limited to biotechnology, biodiversity, microbiology, botany, zoology, biosystematics, ecology, and environmental sciences.
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Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022)" : 6 Documents clear
Potential Use of Insulin Patch Technology as Transdermal Drug Delivery in Efforts to Treat Diabetes Mellitus PutrI, Nadya Aurelia Ratna; Harefa, Dellania Yvonne; Sianturi, Golda Santiur; Irawati, Wahyu
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.03.02

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Indonesia continues to increase from 2013 to 2018. Diabetes Mellitus is associated with the production of the hormone insulin in the cells of the pancreas. An increase in blood sugar levels can stimulate insulin secretion. There are several ways to treat Diabetes Mellitus, namely by using drugs, herbal methods, and insulin injections. In addition, one of the DM treatments that can reduce pain is using insulin patch technology as a transdermal treatment. The manuscript for this publication was made to find out the potential of using insulin patch technology as transdermal drug delivery to treat DM. Using a literature review research method that discusses four focus studies, including 1) the structure of the pancreas gland, 2) the mechanism of insulin hormone production by the pancreas gland, 3) the causes, symptoms, and conditions of patients with DM, and 4) insulin patch technology as a transdermal drug in the treatment of diabetes. DM treatment efforts. In the Langerhans section of the pancreas, some cells function to produce the hormone insulin. The amino acids that make up insulin are encoded by exons formed in insulin cells. Some causes of DM namely genetics, age, the influence of food, lack of physical activity, and an unhealthy lifestyle. Some of the symptoms, namely polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, etc. Patients with DM need insulin intake to help balance blood sugar levels, one of which is by using an insulin patch in which there is a microneedle containing insulin n-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) and the enzyme glucose oxidase. After a literature review, it can be concluded that the insulin patch has excellent potential and promise because during the study tested on rats and pigs obtained good results and was able to lower blood sugar levels, although development is still needed. The manuscript of this publication still has shortcomings, so the author suggested to the next author to be able to multiply the latest sources related to insulin patch. Through the creation of the publication, the manuscript realized that diabetes mellitus is a form of human negligence in maintaining the body that God has designed carefully and regularly.
Hematological Profile and Spleen Histology Improvement in Diabetic Rats Treated with PLGA Nanoparticles-Ethanol Extract of Jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) Fruit Peel Malini, Desak Made
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.03.01

Abstract

Jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) fruit peel-ethanol extract (JFP) contains several chemical compounds that act as antioxidant agents and are considered to have the potential to treat chronic disorders such as diabetes mellitus. Plant extract is generally applied in polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles due to its efficiency in entering the target organs. This study aims to investigate the effect of PLGA nanoparticles-ethanol extract of jengkol fruit peel (PLGA nanoparticle-JFP) on improving the hematological profile and the spleen histology of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The treatment group was divided into six groups: (1) control group, (2) streptozotocin control (STZ); (3) 10 mg/kg BW of glibenclamide (GLB); (4) 770 mg/kg BW of jengkol fruit peel-ethanol extract (JFP1); (5) 110 mg/kg BW of JFP (JFP2); and (6) 770 mg/kg BW PLGA nanoparticle-JFP (PLGA-JFP). PLGA-JFP group showed a significant increase in erythrocytes and leukocytes counts (7.73x106 ± 0.02 cell/mm3 and 9.68x103 ± 3.0 cell/mm3 respectively), a decrease in lymphocytes and neutrophils percentage (66.5%±0.5% and 28±1.4% respectively) compared to the STZ group, and no significant difference in monocyte, eosinophils, and basophils percentage within groups. On the spleen histology, the white pulp diameter and the red pulp area showed significantly smaller (168.31±10.69μm and 8,01.28± 480.33 μm2 respectively) compared to the STZ group. Almost all parameters showed no significant difference compared to the GLB group but are significantly different from the control group. The administration of PLGA nanoparticle-JFP was proven to reverse hematological parameters and improve the spleen histology but has not yet reversed the diabetic rats’ condition back to normal.
Phenotypic Variation and RAPD Polymorphism of Pisang Kepok Local Cultivars (Musa acuminata x Musa balbisiana, ABB, Saba Subgroup) Wahyudi, Didik; Ilmi, Zahrobatul Lil; Hapsari, Lia
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.03.03

Abstract

Pisang Kepok is a major local banana cultivar in Indonesia with high economic, social and cultural value. Particularly on the island of Java, there are several variations of Pisang Kepok recognised with their own local names, which makes difficulties in taxonomic identification and grouping. Morphological features are used in conventional banana cultivar classification, but they are deemed less precise due to their subjectivity, thus, it is supposed to be complemented with a molecular approach. This study aims to identify the phenotypic variation of Pisang Kepok local cultivars also their genetic polymorphism using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA marker. Phenotypic variation was observed using 35 morphological characters. Six RAPD primers were used, i.e. OPA2, OPA3, OPA4, OPA11, OPA12, and OPA18. Clustering analysis, both phenotypic and genetic were performed using PAST v4.02. The morphological characterisation identified four variants of Pisang Kepok i.e. Kepok Abang, Kepok Putih, Kepok Manurun, and Kepok Australi; which all confirmed as ABB genome group. Phenotypic clustering showed that Pisang Kepok cultivars were separated into 3 clusters based on their local name, with a high similarity value of >90%. PCA biplot showed that the fruit flesh colour was the most important character contributed to the cultivar variation. RAPD marker also showed that each specimen was grouped according to its local name and source, with a similarity value of >80%. Both morphology and molecular (RAPD) markers resulted in the branching of Pisang Kepok which was closer to Pisang Klutuk than Pisang Barlin.
Genomic Profile of OsCOMT in Indonesian Purple Rice Wijayanti, Ernanin Dyah; Safitri, Anna; Siswanto, Dian; Fatchiyah, Fatchiyah
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.03.04

Abstract

The Indonesian purple rice (IPR), a crossbreeding of black and white rice, is a potential source of ferulic acid. Up to this point, the genomic similarity between the crossbreeding and its parentals has not been determined, particularly in genes involved in ferulic acid biosynthesis. In this present work, we analysed the profile of Oryza sativa caffeic acid-O-methyltransferase (OsCOMT) gene in IPR. The genomic DNA was extracted by CTAB method, then amplified with a specific primer of OsCOMT gene. The amplicon was sequenced by Sanger method and confirmed by geneID NC_029259.1. The IPR showed an amplicon of 708 bp sequence of the OsCOMT gene, indicating the gene involved in ferulic acid biosynthesis. The IPR gene profile is similar to the parentals, but there are variations in point mutations that distinguish it from the parentals. Aspartic acid was changed to Glutamine by mutations at positions 52, 69, and 79. We suggest that IPR has a novel OsCOMT gene variant that is unique as it is the crossbreed.
A Review: Evaluation of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal as a Dietary Protein Source in Poultry Diets Purnamasari, Listya; Lopez, Zandrelle P; dela Cruz, Joseph F.
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.03.05

Abstract

The increasing global population poses a problem in achieving food security. Poultry is one of the major animal protein sources for humans and the main difficulty of the poultry industry is seeking a suitable protein alternative to be integrated into poultry feed. Black soldier fly larvae (BSF) (Hermetia illucens) are one of the edible insects that are a great solution to this problem since they have various advantages, which include bioconversion of different organic wastes and the absence of competition for human resources. Several studies have already examined the effects of the addition of BSF larvae in the poultry diet, and most suggested that it is a promising alternative protein source that can replace soy or fish meal. The BSF larvae can also be used in different species of poultry, such as ducks, turkeys, and quails. However, there are several barriers to using BSF larvae as a feed ingredient in poultry feed, such as safety, price, and consumer acceptance. Despite these obstacles, BSF larvae production is still a promising industry due to the numerous benefits it brings.
Diversity of Grasshopper on Agricultural Land and Savana in Dompu Regency, Indonesia Khatimah, Ainul; Leksono, Amin Setyo; Yanuwiadi, Bagyo
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.03.06

Abstract

Grasshopper is one type of insect known as a plant pest that quite affects agricultural production. Grasshoppers also have benefits as natural predators and maintain ecological balance. One area where no research has been carried out on grasshopper diversity is Dompu Regency, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. This research was conducted at 4 locations in Dompu, including corn, ex-corn, intercropping, and Doroncanga agricultural land, by making four transects at each location. Grasshoppers were collected using the insect net, and hand collecting was carried out at 07.00 and 16.00 WITA. The environmental factors that were calculated were air temperature, light intensity, wind speed, and air humidity, while the biotic factors observed were plant vegetation at each location and predators. Data analysis was performed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, evenness index, dominance index, and Margalef index. The results of this study indicate that Dompu Regency has the potential for diversity of grasshoppers with moderate criteria where the diversity of grasshoppers is strongly influenced by plant vegetation and human treatment on agricultural land.

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