Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business (GamaIJB) is a peer-reviewed journal published three times a year (January-April, May-August, and September-December) by Master of Management Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada. GamaIJB is intended to be the journal for publishing articles reporting the results of research on business, especially in the context of emerging economies.
The GamaIJB invites manuscripts in the various topics include, but not limited to, functional areas of management, accounting, international business, entrepreneurship, business economics, risk management, knowledge management, information systems, ethics, and sustainability.
Articles
617 Documents
Market Mavenism: Its Contribution in Building Consumerâs Trust
Puspa, Jofi;
Rahardja, Conny Tjandra
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business Vol 11, No 1 (2009): January - April
Publisher : Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada
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In globalization era, firms have to deal with multifaceted challenges. Dynamic changes in consumersâ demands and desires, technology, and new knowledge and innovative movement of competitors are some examples of the important tasks to be managed in order to be able to survive in the market. The role of communications and the presence of market maven cannot be ignored because both are salient elements for establishing a firmâs marketing strategy. Market maven has been well defined and studied. However, the participation of market maven in improving a consumerâs knowledge and trust in certain object is unclear. Therefore, this study aims to: (1) investigate the role of inherent personal knowledge in affecting trust, (2) investigate as to whether mavens play a role in improving a recipientâs knowledge level and trust. The authors conducted a study that involved a total of 134 students as respondents. The correlation between subjective knowledge and trust attains a medium level, while objective knowledge is related to trust at a very low level. Trust in the low maven group is the lowest compared to that in medium and high mavens. This study indicates that there are different results in terms of effects of information provided by three different maven groups.
TAX COSTS AND CORPORATION DIVIDEND POLICY: Evidence from the 1986 U.S. Tax Reform Acts
Utama, Siddharta
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business Vol 5, No 1 (2003): January-April
Publisher : Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada
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Scholes and Wolfson (1992) predict that following the 1986 TaxReform Act, the tax cost of the corporate form relative to that of the partnership form (the incremental tax cost) increased significantly. This study hypothesizes that since dividends represent a tax disadvantaged form of income relative to capital gains, then in response to an increase in incremental tax costs, corporations would decrease their dividend payout ratios. The response is expected to be stronger for corporations owned byshareholders with long investment horizons because the tax cost saved from decreasing dividend payout ratios is an increasing function of shareholdersâ investment horizon. The empirical tests support the hypothesis and show a negative relationship between the change in incremental tax costs and the change in dividend payout ratios for firms with long average investment horizons.
The Link of Abnormal Accrual Mispricing and Value- Glamour Stock Anomaly: Evidence from the Indonesian Capital Market
Ekawati, Erni
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business Vol 14, No 1 (2012): January - April
Publisher : Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada
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The purpose of this study is to investigate whether abnormal accrual mispricing acknowledged in accounting literature is a manifestation of documented value-glamour anomaly in finance literature. This study proposes the traditional value-glamour proxies (sales growth, book-to-market, earningprice, cash flows-price, and size) and CFO/P ratio (ratio of operating cash flows and stock price) to explain the mispricing of abnormal accruals. Using a sample of 540 firm-year observations of companies listed on the Jakarta Stock Exchange (JSE) from the period of 1993 to 2003, the study finds that individually, only either the E/P or CFO/P ratio can pick up the mispricing attributed to abnormal accruals. These results can be interpreted as follows: (1) as captured by E/P ratio, abnormal accrual mispricing is due to the marketâs inability to understand managersâ attempts to manage reported earnings; (2) as captured by the CFO/P, the market is unable to assess the persistence of cash flows. From a practical standpoint, this study has simplified the research agenda related to asset pricing. The result suggests that a researcher can control for the abnormal accrual mispricing and the value-glamour anomaly parsimoniously via just one variable, E/P ratio.Keywords: business performance; entrepreneurial orientation; environmental uncertainty
Cointegration analysis on trading behavior in four SELECTED asean countries BEFORE MONETARY CRISIS
Prawoto, R. Budi
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business Vol 9, No 2 (2007): May - August
Publisher : Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada
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This paper aims to analyze Indonesian position among the trading behavior in four selected ASEAN countries (according to their import-and-export products) using cointegration analysis. The demands for export and import are estimated before the monetary crisis erupted (1963 â 1995) using the dynamic OLS (DOLS) method. The Johansen Maximum Likelihood (JML) approach is also employed to compare the results obtained. The results show that foreign income has a significant impact on export demand, suggesting that foreign disturbance in the form of economic activities is likely to be transmitted to these countries. The Marshall Lerner conditions are easily met for the cases of Malaysia and Thailand (DOLS and JML). For Indonesia and the Philippines, the sum of the price elasticities of export and import demand are less than unity. This can be explained by the J-curve, in which the currency depreciations will first worsen the trade balance before it improves, and it takes a long time to affect the trade balance.
The Formulating Growth Strategy of Aceh Port System in Indonesia: An AHP Approach
Subhan, Muhammad;
Abdul Ghani, Ahmad Bashawir
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business Vol 13, No 1 (2011): January-April
Publisher : Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada
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The main objective of this study is to investigate the growth strategy of Acehâs ports in order to develop a better position of those ports in the dynamic and competitive environment along the Malacca straits. Using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach, this study examines priority perspectives on strategy formulation from 25 individuals representing relevant parties in the Aceh port industry such as government officials, port authorities and managements, experts, academicians and consultants, and port user associations. Six potential strategies related to resources, competencies, market share, opportunity share, cooperation, and competitiveness were examined. The findings show that the resource-based strategy and the competence-based strategy are ranked as first and second important strategy respectively while the opportunity share strategy ranked as the least important strategy. This study provides new insights into the implications of using various strategy formulations for port growth in developing countries and provides a significant practical contribution to the port authorities.    Â
THE INTERVENING EFFECTS OF PROCEDURAL FAIRNESS AND INTERPERSONAL TRUST ON THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MULTIPLE MEASURES-BASED PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND MANAGERS JOB SATISFACTION
Sholihin, Mahfud;
Lau, Chong M.
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business Vol 5, No 3 (2003): September-December
Publisher : Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada
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Criticisms directed at the use of financial measures alone for performance evaluation have led to much interest in the use of nonfinancial performance measures to balance the financial measures. Hence, much recent research has been directed to investigate the effectiveness sand behavioral consequences of a mix of financial and nonfinancial measures (e.g. the Balanced Scorecard approach) in contemporary settings. However, there is evidence from prior studies to suggest that the manner or how performance measures are used may affect the subordinates behavior and work-related attitudes indirectly through the subordinates perception of the justness of these measures and the interpersonal trust these measures promote. There is also evidence to indicate that it is the extent of the subordinates agreement with the performance measures used in the evaluation, rather than the measures per se, which affects their behavior and work-related attitudes. Subordinates are more likely to agree with performance measures which they regard as fair and which enhance their trust in their superiors. This study therefore investigates if the effects of a mix of financial and nonfinancial measures (such as those used in the Balanced Scorecard approach) on subordinates job satisfaction are indirect through the subordinates perception of the greater extent of fairness (justness) in the evaluation process and the greater extent of trust such a mix of measures promotes. The results, based on a sample of 70 managers, support the expectation that a mix of financial and nonfinancial has no direct effect on subordinatesâ job satisfaction. Instead, the effects of such a mix of performance measures on subordinatesâ job satisfaction are indirect through the enhancement of the subordinatesâ favorable perceptions of procedural fairness and interpersonal trust.
SOME CHALLENGES TO THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE COMPETITION LAW IN INDONESIA
Maarif, Syamsul
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business Vol 6, No 1 (2004): January-April
Publisher : Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada
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Indonesian competition law known as Law No. 5 of 1999 was adopted on the fifth of March 1999 and took effective a year later, the fifth of March 2000. Since the adoption of the Law we are witnessing business players have changed in the ways they run their businesses. We are also witnessing challenges that need to be dealt with if we want Law No5 effective to reach its objectives. This article discloses some of those challenges. The most difficult one to deal with is the resistance by the court to the existence of the Indonesian Antimonopoly Authority (KPPU).
ASSESSING ACCOUNTABILITY OF PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETARY MANAGEMENT
Mardiasmo, Mardiasmo
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business Vol 4, No 3 (2002): September-December
Publisher : Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada
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Performance measurement system is an assessment tool, which assesses strategy implementation through financial and non-financial measures. Budget is one of the financial measures used to assess strategy implementation. It is a primary instrument of many function of decision, which is used as a tool to achieve organization goals. Public sector management has to fulfill vertical and horizontal accountability. To have a deeper understanding pertains to performance measurement system andlocal government budgetary management, this study assessed the existing performance measurement system and local government budgetary management in six municipal/districts. The result showed that the existing performance measurement system is an improper management tool, and that accountability of local government budgetary management is dominated by vertical accountability rather than horizontal accountability. It issuggested that each municipal/district should have its own revenue indica-tor and saving, increase its cost awareness and health and education sectordevelopment budget, implement New Public Management, and reform itsresponsibility system from vertical accountability to horizontal account-ability.
BANKRUPTCY PREDICTION MODEL WITH ZETAc OPTIMAL CUT-OFF SCORE TO CORRECT TYPE I ERRORS
Iwan, Mohamad
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business Vol 7, No 1 (2005): January-April
Publisher : Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada
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This research examines financial ratios that distinguish between bankrupt and non-bankrupt companies and make use of those distinguishing ratios to build a one-year prior to bankruptcy prediction model. This research also calculates how many times the type I error is more costly compared to the type II error. The costs of type I and type II errors (cost of misclassification errors) in conjunction to the calculation of prior probabilities of bankruptcy and non-bankruptcy are used in the calculation of the ZETAc optimal cut-off score. The bankruptcy prediction result using ZETAc optimal cut-off score is compared to the bankruptcy prediction result using a cut-off score which does not consider neither cost of classification errors nor prior probabilities as stated by Hair et al. (1998), and for later purposes will be referred to Hair et al. optimum cutting score. Comparison between the prediction results of both cut-off scores is purported to determine the better cut-off score between the two, so that the prediction result is more conservative and minimizes expected costs, which may occur from classification errors. Â This is the first research in Indonesia that incorporates type I and II errors and prior probabilities of bankruptcy and non-bankruptcy in the computation of the cut-off score used in performing bankruptcy prediction. Earlier researches gave the same weight between type I and II errors and prior probabilities of bankruptcy and non-bankruptcy, while this research gives a greater weigh on type I error than that on type II error and prior probability of non-bankruptcy than that on prior probability of bankruptcy.This research has successfully attained the following results: (1) type I error is in fact 59,83 times more costly compared to type II error, (2) 22 ratios distinguish between bankrupt and non-bankrupt groups, (3) 2 financial ratios proved to be effective in predicting bankruptcy, (4) prediction using ZETAc optimal cut-off score predicts more companies filing for bankruptcy within one year compared to prediction using Hair et al. optimum cutting score, (5) Although prediction using Hair et al. optimum cutting score is more accurate, prediction using ZETAc optimal cut-off score proved to be able to minimize cost incurred from classification errors.
The Causality between Corporate Governance Practice and Bank Performance: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia
Utama, Cynthia A.;
Musa, Haidir
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business Vol 13, No 3 (2011): September-December
Publisher : Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada
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The aim of this study is to examine the existence of causality between corporate governance practice and performance of commercial banks in Indonesia. We also investigate the influence of age, capital adequacy, and type of commercial banks on bank performance and examine the influence of the bank size, foreign ownership, and listing status on corporate governance practice. The result shows that corporate governance practice, bank size and capital adequacy ratio have positive influences on bank performance in Indonesia. However, bank performance does not influence corporate governance practice. This study also finds that regional banks have better performance than private banks. The results of the study support the Central Bankâs efforts to enhance CG practices in the banking sector, to strenghten banksâ capital base and its policy to encourage banks to merge to become larger.    Â