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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Urology
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 0853442X     EISSN : 23551402     DOI : 10.32421
Core Subject : Health,
The aim of Indonesian Journal of Urology is to encompass the whole spectrum of urology. The journal publishes papers on a wide range of urological issues such as oncology, functional urology, reconstructive urology, laparoscopy, robotic surgery, endourology, female urology, andrology, pediatric urology, and sexual medicine. We welcome authors for original article (research), review article, interesting case reports, special article, clinical practices, and medical illustrations that focus on the clinical area of urology.
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Articles 498 Documents
THE INCIDENCE AND CORRELATION OF CHRONIC PROSTATITIS WITH PSA IN BPH PATIENT Krisna, Daniel Mahendra; Hariatmoko, Hariatmoko; Pinzon, R
Indonesian Journal of Urology Vol 25 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Urological Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32421/juri.v25i2.418

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of incidental chronic prostatitis proven by biopsy in prostate enlargement patients and to correlate with Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) level serum. Material & Methods: This was a retrospective study with cross-sectional method. All of the prostate enlargement subjects with urinary retention and treated by surgical therapy were taken into inclusion criteria. The patient with acute prostatitis proven by biopsy and uncompleted medical records were excluded. Statistical analysis used Spearman correlation test. Results: The mean values of age and PSA were 70.24 years and 27.2 ng/mL. The patients characteristic such as surgery waiting time were 81 patients in 1-3 days, the most common length of stay were 3 patients (4%) for 1-3 days. The most common biopsy result was Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) in 55 patients (61.5%). 64 patients (70.3%) were treated by Trans Urethral Resection of Prostate (TURP) and 14 patients (9.9%) had secondary surgery. There was a correlation between chronic prostatitis with PSA levels in BPH patients (p=0.000). Conclusion: Chronic prostatitis is often found incidentally in BPH patients and affecting PSA serum level. The existence of chronic prostatitis in BPH may predict the progress of prostate growth.
THE EFFECT OF TOPICAL GENTAMYCIN APPLICATION AT THE URETHRAL STENT TO THE URETHRAL STENT’S BACTERIAL COLONY-FORMING-UNIT COUNTS IN HYPOSPADIAS PATIENTS PERFORMED URETHROPLASTY: A PRELIMINARY STUDY Oetama, Harris; sibarani, jupiter; Tjahjodjati, Tjahjodjati; Agil, Ahmad
Indonesian Journal of Urology Vol 25 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Urological Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32421/juri.v25i2.425

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effect of topical gentamycin application at the urethral stent to the stent’s colony-forming-unit (CFU) in hypospadias patients. Material & methods: This study is a double blind prospective randomized controlled study, conducted from November 2016 - August 2017 in Urology Department Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. We include patients with distal until penoscrotal hypospadias who underwent urethroplasty for the first time. The subjects were divided into 2 groups: Group A were patients performed urethroplasty with nasogastric tube (NGT) urethral stents only. Group B were patients performed urethroplasty with NGT urethral stents that were coated with topical gentamycin. Both group were operated by a single surgeon using either Tubularized Incised Plate (TIP) or Onlay Preputial Flap technique. Both group used supra pubic urinary diversion. Both group were given the same preoperative and postoperative intravenous antibiotics and given same dressing. At post operative day 7, the stents were removed and swabbed for bacterial culture and resistance test and colony-forming-unit (CFU) counts. Demographic data is described and, among others were analyzed statistically. Other adverse events and complications were also documented. Results: There were 25 hypospadias patients who were performed urethroplasty (12 patients in Group A and 13 patients in Group B). The median age in group A was 7 ± 2.995 (years old) and the mean age in group B was 6 ± 3.178  (years old). In group A, 1 patient (8.3%) were distal shaft type, 1 patient (8.3%) were middle shaft type, 8 patients (66.7%) were penoscrotal type, 1 patient (8.3%) were proximal shaft type, and 1 patient (8.3%) were subcoronal type. In group B, 3 patients (23.1.%) were distal shaft type, 3 patients (23.1%) were middle shaft type, 5 patients (38.5%) were penoscrotal type, and 2 patients (15.7%) were proximal shaft type. In group A, 6 patients (50%) using TIP, 6 patients (50%) using onlay preputial flap. In group B, 5 patients (38.5%) using TIP, 8 patients (61.5%) using onlay preputial flap. In Group A, Staphylococus haemoliticus was the most common bacterial found in urethral stent swabbed culture (50%), followed by Pseudomonas aeroginosa (16.7%), Acinetobacter baumannii (8.3%), Enterococcus faecalis (8.3%), Morganella morgagnii (8.3%) and sterile cultures (8.3%). In Group B, 38.5% were sterile urethral stents culture, followed by Staphylococus haemoliticus (30.8%), Enterobacter cloacae (7.7%), Staphylococus warneri (7.7%), Staphylococus epidermidis (7.7%), and Moraxella catarrhalis (7.7%). The most sensitive antibiotics in both group were Amikacin, Gentamycin, Meropenem, Cotrimoxazole, and Cefepime. In group A, 11 patients (91.7%) had >100.000 CFU counts, and 1 patient (8.3%) with no colony found.  In Group B, 2 patients (15.4 %) had >100.000 CFU counts, 6 patients (46.2%) had <100.000 CFU counts, and 5 patient (38.5%) with no colony found. In group A, there were 3 patients (25%) with urethra-cutaneous fistula, 4 patients (33.3%) with hematoma, and 5 patients (38.5%) without any complications. In group B, there were 2 patients (15.4%) with urethra-cutaneous fistula, 3 patients (23.1%) with hematoma and 8 patients (61.5%) without any complication. Using Mann-Whitney U-test, we found a significant difference of CFU counts formation between the two groups (p=0.001). Statistically, the lesser CFU counts found, the lesser complication were developed (p=0.001). Conclusion: Topical gentamycin application at the urethral stents in hypospadias patients performed urethroplasty significantly reduced CFU counts found at the urethral stents and thus reduced the urethra-cutaneous fistula and hematoma formation.
PREOPERATIVE INTRAVENOUS TRAMADOL FOR PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROSTOMY TO REDUCE INTRAOPERATIVE PAIN Oetama, Harris; Sihombing, Aaron Tigor
Indonesian Journal of Urology Vol 26 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Urological Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32421/juri.v26i1.426

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effect of additional preoperative intravenous tramadol for reducing intraoperative pain. Material & Methods: This study was a double blind randomized controlled study from April - June 2017 in Urology Department in Hasan Sadikin Hospital. Inclusion criteria were cervical cancer patients who were performed percutaneous nephrostomy. Exclusion criteria were patients with infection and pain before the procedure. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient and the study protocol was approved by the local human ethics committee. The subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group A were given 100 ml dripped normal saline 1 hour before the procedure and intraoperative local anesthesia with lidocaine 2% and group B were given preoperative intravenous tramadol 100 mg dripped within 100 ml of normal saline 1 hour before the procedure and intraoperative lidocaine 2%. Visual Analogue Score (VAS) were used to evaluate the pain score. All calculation were done using SPSS version 20. Results: There were 60 cervical cancer patients who were performed percutaneous nephrostomy (29 patients in Group A and 31 patients in Group B). The mean age in group A was 48.86 ± 8.524 (years old) and the mean age in group B was 51.90 ± 6.76 (years old). The median VAS score in group A was 4, with the minimum score was 2.00, maximum score was 6.00. The median VAS score in group B was 2, with the minimum score was 0.00, maximum score was 4.00. In group A, 11 patients (18.3%) were mild pain, 16 patients (26.7%) were moderate pain, 2 patients (3.3%) were severe pain. In group B, 29 patients (48.3%) were mild pain, 2 patients (3.3%) were moderate pain, 0 patients (0.0%) were severe pain. Based on Mann-Whitney U test, there was a significant pain score reduction in group B compared to group A (p=0.0001). There were no significant differences in the prevalence or proportion of patients with nausea and vomiting in group A and B (10% and 12%, respectively). There were no other adverse events and other complications observed in both groups. Conclusion: Preoperative intravenous tramadol significantly reduced intraoperative pain in cervical patients who were performed percutaneous nephrostomy compare to those who were only given intraoperative local anesthesia. 
METASTASIS AND LOCAL INVASION PATTERN OF BLADDER CANCER IN HASAN SADIKIN HOSPITAL Mustafa, Akhmad; Safriadi, Ferry
Indonesian Journal of Urology Vol 25 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Urological Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32421/juri.v25i2.428

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to provide database about local invasion and metastasis pattern, as well as the disease characteristics of bladder cancer in Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. Material & Methods: Between January 2011 and December 2016 there were 321 cases of bladder cancer recorded in our hospital. Of all cases, 106 patients included in this study, with evident of local invasion or distant metastasis either radiologically (contrast abdominal pelvic CT scan) or pathologically. Results: The study group consist of 106 patients (86 men [81.7%], 20 women [28.3%]); with mean age of 56.78 ± 13.19 (4-76) years old. Histopathology findings of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) consist of 82 (77.3%) patients and the atypical histology features group of 24 (22.7%) patients. Local invasion was found in 99 patients of 321 (30.8%), with the most common organ invasion to the prostate in male (n=38 [35.8%]). Lymph node metastasis were found in 47 patients (44.3%), with the most common nodal metastasis to obturator lymph nodes (n=21 [19.8%]). Distant metastasis was found in 24 patients (22.6%) with the most common site for distant metastasis was the liver (n=12 [11.3%]). In TCC group, 12 patients (63.1%) had a distant organ metastasis with nodal metastasis, whereas in atypical group, majority of the patients with distant organ metastasis (n=5 [83.3%]) had no lymph node involvement. Moreover, in transitional cell group, not all patient (n=17 [73.1%]) had local invasion of the tumor, while all patients with distant organ metastasis in atypical group (n=6 [100%]) had abdominal or pelvic wall invasion (cT4b). Conclusion: TCC is the most common pathology findings and with Prostate is the most common site for local tumor invasion. Obturator lymph nodes is the most common nodal metastasis and liver is the most common site for distant metastasis in bladder cancer. 
THE SIZE PROFILE OF EXTERNAL URETHRAL ORIFICIUM IN MALE ADULT Susanto, Gaeta Nurprimavera; Danarto, Raden; Ali, Zulfikar
Indonesian Journal of Urology Vol 26 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Urological Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32421/juri.v26i1.431

Abstract

Objective: External urethral orificium (EUO) is the outermost part of the urethra. It lies on the outside, then the operation tool for endourology transurethra must pass urethra meatus externus first before they can go deeper. Unfortunately there is no study addresses the size of EUO of male adults in Indonesia. This study was aimed to know the size of the EUO in males adult. Material & Methods: This study was a prospective study by taking the primary data in the Sardjito General Hospital and Kardinah General Hospital, Tegal and implemented during the period from October to December 2016. There were 50 samples of males adult. The exclusion criteria in this study were male patients with meatal stenosis or patients with a history of surgery on the penis or instrumentation of the urethra. External urethra orifice size measurements performed with a digital caliper, and then converted to scale the size of Fr. The data were then analyzed by Npar test with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and then T-test with linear regression. Results: There were 50 adult male patients with a mean age of 52.54 ± 10.34 years. For sizes vary with the size of 16.5-26.4 Fr. From the analysis of the size of the EUO obtained a mean size of 22.72 ± 2.62 for Indonesian adult male. Conclusion: The average size of the adult male EUO was 22.72 ± 2.62 Fr. 
IS NEOBLADDER SAFE FOR HIGH GRADE BLADDER CANCER PATIENTS?: EVALUATION OF RADICAL CYSTECTOMY COMPLICATIONS AND ILEAL NEOBLADDER RECONSTRUCTION IN AMC KARIADI GENERAL HOSPITAL Stephanie, Irene; Soedarso, Mohamad Adi
Indonesian Journal of Urology Vol 26 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Urological Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32421/juri.v26i1.435

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate complications of ileal neobladder reconstruction in high grade bladder cancer patients. Material & Methods: The descriptive study included 12 patients who underwent radical cystectomy and bladder reconstruction with ileal neobladder in Academic Medical Center Kariadi General Hospital Semarang from 2009 until 2016. Base data recorded retrospectively and followed at outpatient clinic. The complications were evaluated from perioperative care, postoperative care, and outpatients clinic. Clavien Dindo classification use to rank complication. Results: The average ages distribution range from 39-70 year. There were 2 patients with comorbid of renal failure, 11 patients with history of TUR and 1 patient underwent adjuvant external radiation. There were 11 patients in high grade bladder cancer (≥T3) and 1 patient with T2. Of the 8 patients underwent orthotopic neobladder procedure and 3 patients underwent cutaneous w-shape procedure. From the histopathology results, 10 patients with high grade transitional cell carcinoma, and 2 patients with invasive urothelial cell carcinoma. There were complication caused by neobladder-related of 1 patient with urinary leakage from ureteroileal anastomose, 1 patient with peritonitis caused by ileo-ileal anastomose leakage, and 1 patients with bowel necrosis caused by internal hernia who need re-operation. All neobladder related complication were 4/33%. From neobladder nonrelated of 1 patient with chronic renal disease and sepsis, and 1 patient with acute renal failure and hyperchlor metabolic acidosis. All of neobladder related complications described above end with mortality (2/16%), except the urinary leakage. Conclusion: Our complication and mortality radical cystectomy - neobladder related rate were 33% and 16% compare with literature show 28-64% and 5.1-8.1%, respectively. Patients selection (<T3, no comorbid) and experience according high volume operation can reduced the mortality rate.
PENILE PARAFFINOMA RECONSTRUCTION WITH SCROTAL FLAP AND SURGICAL OUTCOME: A CASE REPORT Putra, Ida Bagus Oka Widya; Wahyudi, Irfan; Rodjani, Arry
Indonesian Journal of Urology Vol 26 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Urological Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32421/juri.v26i1.436

Abstract

Objective: To present a case of penile paraffinoma reconstructed with scrotal flap. Case presentation: We report a case of 33-year-old male patient with penile paraffinoma. The patient had a history of injecting liquid paraffin into his penis two times – at 6 months and 2 months prior to his admission to the hospital. His IIEF-5 was 10 (moderate erectile dysfunction). The penile shaft was circumferentially enlarged. There was ulceration on the ventral aspect with signs of inflammation on the surrounding skin. Discussion: We perform a complete excision of paraffinoma. The raw surface was repaired with a one-stage scrotal flap. At six-month follow up, the wound was good, and the patient was able to micturate normally. He was able to achieve painless erection, and IIEF-5 score was improved. Conclusion: A one-stage scrotal flap may offer a good choice in defect closure in penile paraffinoma reconstruction.
IATROGENIC URINARY TRACT TRAUMA IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGIC SURGERIES AT H. ADAM MALIK GENERAL HOSPITAL MEDAN Djufri, Teguh Risesa; Warli, Syah Mirsya
Indonesian Journal of Urology Vol 26 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Urological Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32421/juri.v26i2.441

Abstract

Objective: Urinary tract iatrogenic trauma in abdominal or pelvic surgery may cause morbidity, mortality, or even medico-legal problems. The close embryonic, as well as anatomical relationship between urinary tract and genital organs, may be a predisposition for urinary tract trauma, especially ureter and bladder, in obstetrics and gynecology surgeries. This research aimed to evaluate the incidence of iatrogenic urinary tract trauma in obstetrics and gynecology surgeries. Material & Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective research. This research was conducted at Urology Division of Department of Surgery at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, from February to June 2016. Total sampling method was used. Data were collected from medical records of patients who had iatrogenic urinary tract trauma due to obstetrics and gynecology surgeries at H. Adam Malik General Hospital from January 2011 to December 2015. Parameters that were evaluated included patient characteristics, the type of obstetrics and gynecology procedure that was conducted, the type of urinary tract trauma, and the type of urologic procedure conducted. Data were registered and analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 22. Results: There were 25 patients with 28 incidences of iatrogenic urinary tract trauma, which consisted of 12 iatrogenic ureteral trauma and 16 iatrogenic bladder trauma, out of all patients who underwent obstetrics and gynecologic surgeries at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, from January 2011 to December 2016. The youngest patient was 19 years old, while the oldest patient was 78 years old. Mean age of patients was 46.48 years (SD ± 11.6). The age group with the most iatrogenic urinary tract trauma was between 26-45 years old, which consisted of 12 patients (48%). Gynecologic patients had the most iatrogenic urinary tract trauma, which was experienced by 23 patients (92%). The most common diagnosis was ovarian cancer. Hysterectomy was the most common procedure to cause iatrogenic urinary tract trauma, as was found in 23 patients (92%). All patients who were found with iatrogenic bladder trauma (15 patients; 60%) underwent bladder repair. Conclusion: Gynecologic procedure, especially hysterectomy, was the most common cause of iatrogenic urinary tract trauma. Bladder repair procedure was the most common procedure performed on patients who were found with iatrogenic urinary tract trauma. 
ESWL EFFECTIVENESS FOR LOWER POLE KIDNEY STONES Sholihin, Riza Mazidu; Soetojo, Soetojo; Muris, Haviv
Indonesian Journal of Urology Vol 26 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Urological Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32421/juri.v26i1.443

Abstract

Objective: To describe the profile of lower pole kidney stone patients who underwent Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) and the clearance rate of ESWL for lower pole kidney stones at Soetomo General Hospital from 2012 to 2016. Material & Methods: This research design was analytical retrospective, lower pole kidney stone patients who underwent ESWL in Soetomo General Hospital from 2012 to 2016 who fulfill inclusion criteria become samples in this research. Samples were divided into two group, stone size <15 mm and 15-20 mm. Results: Total samples in this study were 128, consist of 81 males and 47 females. The age average was 48 ± 11.124. The stone size average was 9.5 ± 4.5 mm consisted of 109 patients with stone size <15 mm and 19 patients with stone size 15-20 mm. There were 119 single lower pole kidney stones and 9 multiple ones. From all patients, 77 patients (60.2%) were stones free and the rest (39.8%) were not. Stone free rate for lower pole kidney stones was higher in stone size <15 mm compared with 15-20 mm, 65.2% and 31.5% respectively. Statistical analysis with Chi-square showed significant ESWL clearance rate difference between lower pole kidney stone size <15mm group and 15-20 mm (p<0.05). Conclusion: ESWL was a safe option for lower pole kidney stones with high success rate. There was significant relationship between stone size and stone clearance rate. ESWL was effective for lower pole kidney stones size <15 mm. 
ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENCES DEGREE OF SEVERITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF BPH DIABETES WITH BPH NON-DIABETES PATIENTS Kurnia Putra, Prayoga Triyadi; Wahyudi, Septa Surya; Novi M, Ancah Caesarina
Indonesian Journal of Urology Vol 26 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Urological Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32421/juri.v26i2.446

Abstract

Objective: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a benign tumor located in prostate caused by prostate cell that will continuously grows which covalent with the aging process and the dihidrotestosteron level (DHT) increase. Prostate Hyperplasia can stop the urethra pars prostatics and causesa clogging in the urine’s flow excretes from bladder. Lower Urinary Tract Symptomps (LUTS) is a bladder muscle compensation mechanism to excrete urine. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the risk factors of BPH. This research aimed to find the differences on the degree of severity and quality of life BPH DM with BPH non-DM. Material & Methods: This research was observational analytic with cross sectional design which done to 32 subjects that consist of 16 BPH-DM subjects and 16 BPH non-DM in Bina Sehat Hospital Jember, Paru Hospital Jember, and Bhayangkara Hospital Bondowoso which meet to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data acquired from lead interview result using International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) questionnaire to evaluate the degree of severity and World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire to evaluate the quality of life. The data processing using Mann Whitney’s comparative test. Results: IPSS and physic domain, psychology and social had p value in a row 0.001; 0.000; 0.001; and 0.001. Conclusion: It showed that there was a meaningful difference between BPH DM with BPH non-DM. Environment domain had p value of 0.373. It showed the non-meaningful difference between BPH DM with BPH non-DM.