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Journal of Rural Indonesia
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23561890     EISSN : 23561882     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
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Journal of Rural Indonesia devoted to cross-disciplinary and cross paradigm analysis of rural Indonesia and other developing countries. The journal publishes open peer-refereed research articles on the general field of rural and agricultural studies in Indonesia including its relationship with state, regional and global political economic forces and discourses as well as its ramification of environmental changing. The journal is open to new thinking, preliminary research findings, summaries of the literature in specific subfields, and review essays.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 54 Documents
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Involving Communities In Conservation: Insights From Manupeu Tanadaru National Park, Indonesia Miles, Wendy Beth; Permana, Rizki Pandu
Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI] Vol 1, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI]

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Abstract

ABSTRACTDeveloping strategies to meet the needs of both human communities and their environment is a complex and challenging task. This is particularly true in Indonesia, the world’s second most biodiverse and fourth most populous country. Because of the heavy dependence of much of Indonesia’s population on natural resources, many conservation NGOs have employed “participatory conservation” mechanisms (e.g. village conservation agreements, participatory mapping, and community conservation groups), designed to involve local people in environmental management and conservation. This paper examines the use of participatory conservation mechanisms during the establishment of Manupeu Tanadaru National Park in Indonesia, and considers the experiences of various stakeholders in the participatory conservation process designed by Burung Indonesia (an Indonesian affiliate organization of BirdLife International). This study highlights common challenges experienced by non-profit organizations working to increase the participation of local people in the establishment and management of protected areas. With participatory mechanisms becoming an integral part of many conservation initiatives, this research provides important insights for conservation practitioners and policy makers. © 2013 Journal of Rural Indonesia [JoRI] IPB. All rights reserved. Keywords: environmental non-governmental organizations, Indonesia, Manupeu Tanadaru National Park, participatory conservation
Mapping And Strategies For Locale Specific-Based Poverty Alleviation In Tabanan Regency, Bali Province Setiawina, Nyoman Djinar; Lestari, Ni Putu Nina Eka; Suidarma, I Made
Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI] Vol 2, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI]

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Abstract

Poverty is one of the main problems in a complx and chronic process of economic development that has no border in time and space dimension. Tabanan Regency, one of the regions with the highest poverty index among other regions has 41.894 people in poverty and Kediri sub-district has a pole position of people in poverty. One of the poverty problems to implement poverty alleviation is not optimal because the indicator does not use local specific or the root of the problem. This study aimed to analyze poverty condition in Tabanan Regency includes 1) describing real condition of poverty in Tabanan Regency with Nested Spheres of Poverty; 2) identifying the determinant of poverty in Tabanan Regency; 3) determining strategy of poverty alleviation based on local genius. The method used in this study was descriptive-quantitative using poverty index and other statistical descriptive analysis. The area of the study is ten sub-districts in Tabanan Regency: Selemadeg, Kerambitan, Tabanan, Kediri, Marga, Baturiti, Penebel, Pupuan, West Selemadeg, and East Selemadeg. The result of this study is poverty in Tabanan Regency is of moderate category for all aspect of Nested Spheres of Poverty, so poverty problem is still important program to alleviate. Aggregately, the rank priority of poverty is economic, wealth, political, natural resources, knowledge, health, social and infrastructure. The strategy to alleviate poverty in Tabanan Regency is to strengthen the economy, social culture and local institution, mitigating vulnerability of poverty, and sustainabile program for increasing the welfare of the community. © 2014 Journal of Rural Indonesia [JoRI] IPB. All rights reserved.Keywords: Mapping, Strategy, Poverty Alleviation, Nested Spheres of Poverty
Japanese Community-Based Farming (Shurakueino): A Perspective for Empowerment of Indonesian Farmer`s Group Goto, Naoko
Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI] Vol 3, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI]

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Abstract

In Indonesia, there are many farmer`s groups. One of them is known as Kelompok Tani which expanded at the time of the Green Revolution in Indonesia. Most recently, the Kelompok Tani is organized under a larger group called the Gapoktan, and, in this era of democratization, manages its own activities as a self-governed organization. However, due to economical, technical, political problems and other factors, they seem like somewhat stagnated.  As one possible solution to overcome these challenges, this paper attempts to introduce Japanese community-based farming (shurakueino). World War II, especially from the middle of 1950s until the 1970s, Japan experienced high economic growth and became one of the most developed countries in the world. However, rural society started to suffer from many problems from 1970s, such as large scale exodus of the youth from rural to urban areas, aging of the population, decreases in activities of rural society and so on. One of the consequences was stagnation of agriculture production and productivity. Many agricultural lands were abandoned. In this situation, many Japanese farmers made attempts to overcome these problems. One of those actions was community-based farming (shurakueino). This is a farmer`s organization created and managed by local farmers. This organi- zation usually consolidates farmland in the village and cultivates the land with members participating in the community-based farming. These days, such organizations have incorporated, becoming companies that can manage production, processing, distribution, and sales on its own. They also work on activities unrelated to farming with other villagers. Every organization has a different strategy to improve its farming and the com- munity in their village through community-based farming. This paper shows my observation on the three cases of successful community farming organization Tagirinosan, Kitanohara, and Sunfarm Hoyoji, in Na- gano, and Shiga prefecture. This paper intends to introduce a case study of Japanese farming organizations to show a perspective for the empowerment of Indonesian farmer`s group.Keywords: farmer`s group, community-based farming, self-governed organization
Does Indonesia Need Corporate Farms? Reflections on Modernization, Efficiency, and The Social Function of Land White, Ben
Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI] Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI]

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Abstract

Indonesia faces serious problems in agricultural development and its relation to food security, employment, and sustainability. Today, Indonesia is importer country of rice and other commodities that can actually flourish in Indonesia. Meanwhile, currently Indonesia is becoming the world’s biggest producer and exporter of palm-oil. Ironically, Indonesia has converted the most fertile agricultural land to other uses, and cut down its timber for the sake of planting oil palm. Indonesia also faces unemployment problem. Agricultural sector is unattractive to young people.  Agricultural sector should keep growing to be able to assure food security and absorb labor force. However, there is no guarantee that modern, efficient, and innovative agriculture requires large scale farming (corporate farming). © 2013 Journal of Rural Indonesia [JoRI] IPB. All rights reserved.Keywords: agricultural development, corporate farming, food security
Slight Progress Wrong Direction of Agricultural Development: Analysis of Agricultural Census 2013 Agusta, Ivanovich
Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI] Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI]

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Abstract

Agricultural Census 2013 shows agricultural sector as a provider of food, as well as livelihoods of majority of Indonesian people. The various agricultural sub-sectors develop mainly in Java and Bali, particularly food crops, horticulture, plantation, and animal husbandries. Most of the agricultural processing and services are also concentrated here. Social exclusion of smallholder households, as well as centralizing control of big land, are simultaneously happened, also lowest layers of the ruler of the land of the most marginalized. Meanwhile, about 45 percent of land (0.5-30 hectares) are owned by only 11 percent of affluent households. Clearly agricultural development trajectory for peasant is still far away to reach. © 2013 Journal of Rural Indonesia [JoRI] IPB. All rights reserved.Keyword:  agrarian, agricultural development, agricultural sector, smallholders
Land Control and Ideological Struggle: Competing Articulations of “The Owner of Land” Savitri, Laksmi Adriani
Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI] Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI]

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Abstract

The implementation of large scale industrial farming investment involves land deals that are not only being navigated through regulated practices, but state and non-state actors also employ a strategy to ‘grip the minds of the masses’ to enable the deals. ‘Gripping the minds’ involves articulatory practices within the terrain of ideological struggle, which put land deals always in process. This paper argues that ‘the owner of land’ as a cultural identity that was constructed historically by determining forces, and not confined merely as form of rights, is articulated in three competing positionings toward land deals: rejection, renegotiation and acceptance. The state and non-state actors or NGOs broker the process of identification toward modernism by constructing representations of capital as the good and bad Other. These representations of capital provide ‘logic’ which connected meanings of modernism with ‘the owner of land’ identity. ‘Gripping the mind of the masses’ to smoothen land deals involves correspondences as well as non-correspondences between modernism and the Marind identity of Anim-ha that render connected chain of meanings unstable. © 2013 Journal of Rural Indonesia [JoRI] IPB. All rights reserved. Keyword: land control, land deals
Class Consciousness and Class Conflict in Capture Fishery in Indonesia Kinseng, Rilus A
Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI] Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI]

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Abstract

This paper discusses about class structure, and then followed by discussion on class consciousness and class conflict in capture fisheries in Indonesia, taking fishers in Balikpapan, East Kalimantan as the case.  Data were collected from January to September 2006 intermittently, mainly through interviews with fishers, government officials, and NGO activists. This research is a qualitative research. In terms of class structure, there are four classes of fishers found in Balikpapan, East Kalimantan, namely: labour fishers, small scale fishers, intermediate or medium fishers, and large scale or capitalist fishers.  It is argued that class consciousness of the labour fishers has not developed yet. Therefore, labour fisher is only a class in itself, not as a class for itself. There are six factors that contribute to the underdeveloped of the class consciousness of the labour fishers. In terms of class conflict, there is a significant deviation from the pattern of class conflict described by Marx.  In capture fishery, intense and violent conflict more often take place not between the capitalist or owner of the means of production and labour. Instead, it often happens between the small and intermediate with the capitalist fishers. In such a conflict, there is a strong alliance between the owner of the means of production and the labour in both camps or small and intermediate, and capitalist classes. In other word, small and intermediate fishers and their labours unite, on the other hand, capitalists and their labours also unite in this conflict.Keyword: Balikpapan, class structure, class relation, common problem
The Secret Valley Divided: Administrative Proliferation In Kerinci Valley, Jambi Province, Sumatra, Indonesia Bettinger, Keith Andrew
Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI] Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI]

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Abstract

After the fall of president Suharto Indonesia implemented sweeping decentralization reforms with the goal of rebalancing powers and responsibilities between the central government and the regions.  Among the raft of new laws was legislation that allowed for increased proliferation (pemekaran) at the district/municipality and provincial level.  In theory administrative proliferation would increase citizen participation and efficiency in governance.  After 12 years the number of districts in Indonesia has nearly doubled, but there are indications that the performance of new regions is not living up to expectations.  This paper examines one case: the creation of the administrative municipality of Sungai Penuh, which was split off from Kerinci District, Jambi Province, Sumatra, in 2009.  I find that the process of new region creation in Kerinci has been dominated by local elites and has actually decreased unity within the district and has given rise to a movement to further sub-divide the district.  The implementation of pemekaran created new tensions, and very likely will undermine the medium and long-term prospects for development in the region. © 2013 Journal of Rural Indonesia [JoRI] IPB. All rights reserved.Keywords: administrative proliferation; decentralization; indonesia; elite capture; reformasi
Rural Entrepreneurship In Iran Ebrahimi, Mohammad Sadegh; Baniasadi, Neda; Khatonabadi, Seed Ahmad
Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI] Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI]

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Abstract

"Entrepreneurship" is a process which takes place in a network in the presence of social relations. Vast majority of the studies related to entrepreneurship have been in the form of personality traits of the entrepreneurs and paying attention to social networks and social capital, has been neglected by them. This study investigates the rural entrepreneurship in Iran and the cases of the study are some villages in the county of Kerman. The research method is library work and field study. After defining the indexes and variables of the study through a questionnaire, the necessary data are gathered. The sampling population is estimated 150 rural enterprises in the county of Kerman. The research findings show that there is a direct and significant relationship between rural entrepreneurship and social capital, entrepreneurship and correlation, entrepreneurship and awareness, entrepreneurship and cooperation. In the factor analysis of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship infrastructures have the highest effect on the process of entrepreneurship. © 2013 Journal of Rural Indonesia [JoRI] IPB. All rights reserved.Keywords:  entrepreneurship, social capital, rural areas, social networks, factor analysis, iran.
Involving Communities In Conservation: Insights From Manupeu Tanadaru National Park, Indonesia Miles, Wendy Beth; Permana, Rizki Pandu
Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI] Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI]

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Abstract

ABSTRACTDeveloping strategies to meet the needs of both human communities and their environment is a complex and challenging task. This is particularly true in Indonesia, the world’s second most biodiverse and fourth most populous country. Because of the heavy dependence of much of Indonesia’s population on natural resources, many conservation NGOs have employed “participatory conservation” mechanisms (e.g. village conservation agreements, participatory mapping, and community conservation groups), designed to involve local people in environmental management and conservation. This paper examines the use of participatory conservation mechanisms during the establishment of Manupeu Tanadaru National Park in Indonesia, and considers the experiences of various stakeholders in the participatory conservation process designed by Burung Indonesia (an Indonesian affiliate organization of BirdLife International). This study highlights common challenges experienced by non-profit organizations working to increase the participation of local people in the establishment and management of protected areas. With participatory mechanisms becoming an integral part of many conservation initiatives, this research provides important insights for conservation practitioners and policy makers. © 2013 Journal of Rural Indonesia [JoRI] IPB. All rights reserved. Keywords: environmental non-governmental organizations, Indonesia, Manupeu Tanadaru National Park, participatory conservation

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