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Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner

JITV
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 08537380 EISSN : 2252696X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

Aims JITV (Jurnal Ilmu ternak dan Veteriner) or Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (IJAVS) aims to publish original research results and reviews on farm tropical animals such as cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, poultry, as well as non domesticated Indonesian endemic animals, such as deers, anoa, babirusa, etc. Scope Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences . The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of animal science and veterinary

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi

Articles 1,756 Documents

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Milk production capacity of priangan prolific sheep: II. The lactation curve Tiesnamurti, B; Inounu, I; ., Subandriyo; Martojo, H
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

A calculation was made for the lactation curve of Priangan sheep using Wood equation to find out how much differences actual milk production of uncorrected ewes compared to those corrected using parity and litter size born. Milk production was measured using weighing of the lambs before and shortly after suckling, with average of daily and total milk production were 519.5 g/head and 43.6 kg head-1 lactation-1, respectively. The average of parameter a, which reflected milk production at the beginning of the lactation period was 6.296 that equivalent to 571.5 g/head and significantly affected (P<0.05) by parity. The b parameter which reflected the rate of milk increment at the beginning of the lactation period was found to be 0.528 and significantly affected (P<0.05) by parity. The c parameter which reflected the rate of milk decline at the end of lactation period was found to be -0.20 and significantly affected (P<0.05) by parity. The average persistency which reflected the duration of maximum milk production was found to be 22.58 days without any significant contribution of parity and the number of lamb born. The average time to reach maximum milk production was found to be at week 3.5 after lambing without any significant contribution of parity and litter size. The average estimation of maximum milk production was 708.4 g/head and significantly affected (P<0.05) by ewe parity. Â Key words: Milk production, lactation curve, Priangan sheep

Strategic study on energy-protein requirements for local sheep: 5. Ewes during lactation phase Mathius, I-W; Sastradipradja, D; Sutardi, T; Natasasmita, A; Sofyan, L.A; Sihombing, D.T.H
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Thirty-six Javanese thin-tail ewes in the end of late pregnancy phase were set out to study the energy and crude protein requirements during the first eight-week of lactation phase. The ewes were penned individually in doors and randomly assigned to a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement, consisting of three levels of energy (low, medium and high) and three levels of crude protein (low, medium and high) diets with four ewes per treatment. The diets were pelleted and offered four times daily in approximately equal amount. Feed intake, nutrient digestibility, body weight and milk production were recorded. Results showed that, total lamb birth weights was not affected, but protein content on the ration treatments significantly altered (P<0.05) milk yield and composition. Dry matter intake due to feeding treatments was not significantly affected (P>0.05), while crude protein content on the ration highly significantly affected (P<0.01). Based on data recorded, the energy and protein requirements for ewes during lactation phase are highly significantly depended on ewesâ live weight, milk production and the ratio of energy metabolism and crude protein of the ration. It was concluded that in order to fulfil the crude protein and energy needs of the ewes during lactation phase, the ration given should contain crude protein and energy as much as 16% (based on dry matter) and 13.4 MJ/kg dry matter respectively. Â Key words: Energy-protein requirement, lactation phase, local ewes Â

Superovulation in different buffalo genotypes Situmorang, Polmer
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Studies has been conducted to evaluate the response of different buffaloes genotype to superovulation treatments. PSMG (2500 IU) was injected intra muscular in a single injection on day 10 of estrus cycle while a total of 12 ml Folltropin was administrated twice a day with 12 hours interval in a decreasing doses for 4 days (2.5; 2.5; 2.0; 2.0; 1.0; 1.0 and 0.5; 0.5 ml). Embryos were collected by non-surgically technique on day 6 of estrus cycle by flushing each horn of uterus with 500 ml Dubelcos Phosphat Buffer Saline (DBPS). Diameter of ovary (DO), total corpora lutea (TCL), total embryo (TE) and percentage of recovery rate (% RR) were recorded as parameters. Administration of hormone highly significantly (P<0.01) affected the ovulation response of buffalo. The mean DO was highly significantly higher (P<0.01) in PMSG than that in Folltropin (9.5 vs 4.4 cm), but TCL, TE and % RR were significantly lower (P<0.01) in PMSG (2.0; 0.0 and 0.0 vs 5.5; 2.6 and 43.7). The mean DO was significantly higher (P<0.05) in river than both in swamp and crosses (6.0 vs 4.3 and 3.3 cm). No significantly differentwas observed between the mean DO of swamp and crosses. TCL, TE and % RR were not statistically significant among different buffalo genotype. The mean of TCL, TE and % RR were 6.2, 2.5 and 48.0; 5.8; 2.3 and 40.0 and 5.7; 3.3 and 52.8 for river, swamp and crosses buffalo, respectively. Both left and right ovary gave a similar response to superovulation treatments. In onclusion, the response of a different buffalo genotypes following superovulation with Folltropin was not significant.Â Key words: Superovulation, buffalo, genotype, embryo

Optimation of Î²-mannanase production on submerged culture of Eupenicillium javanicum as well as pH and temperature enzyme characterizations Purwadaria, T; Haryati, T; Frederick, E; Tangendjaja, B
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Two successive experiments were conducted to determine the optimal substrate concentration of coconut meal (CM) and incubation time for production of Î²-mannanase from Eupenicillium javanicum. Both experiments were designed based on factorial. In the first experiment, the main factor was substrate concentration of 1, 2, and 3%, while the sub-factor was incubation time of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days. The two factors were interacted highly significantly (P<0.01). Since the highest Î²- mannanase activity, protein concentration and saccharification activity towards coconut meal were obtained from 3% CM after five day incubation time (P<0.05), the second experiment was designed for higher substrate concentration. The main factor was also substrate concentration of 3, 4 and 5%, while the sub factor was incubation time of 5 and 6 days. The two factors were also interacted highly significantly (P<0.01) for mannanase activity and protein concentration, while specific activity was not significantly different (P>0.05). The best activity was obtained at 4% of coconut meal for five day incubation time, which was not significantly different with that of 3% at the same incubation time. Therefore, it was concluded from both experiments that the best enzyme production was obtained from 3% of coconut meal at incubation time of 5 days. Then, further experiments show that the enzyme had optimum pH at the range of 5.4-5.8, the same pH range in duodenum, while at pH 4.5 the activity was relatively low. Although, at pH 4.5 the enzyme activity was reduced, the enzyme was still active for four hours. At pH 5.8 and 6.5 the enzyme was quite stable. The optimum temperature of the enzyme was at 500C, higher than the body temperature of most poultry (400C). The reduction of enzyme activity at 400C could be overcome by increasing the enzyme concentration. The enzyme was stable after 4 hour incubation at 28 (room temperature) and 400C, however, the enzyme activity was considerably reduced at temperature of 900C after 60 second incubation. In the poultry digestion system the activity is not affected by temperature, but in the pelleting process where the steam temperature approximately 900C has to be limited for not more than 30 seconds. Â Key words: Coconut meal, Î²-mannanase, Eupenicillium javanicum, pH and temperature characterization

Clostridial necrotic enteritis: field cases and the role of vaccination against coccidiosis to the incidence in broiler chicken Natalia, Lily; Priadi, A
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

A study of necrotic enteritis in broiler chicken was carried out in West Java. Isolates of highly toxigenic C. perfringens of type C were isolated from field cases of necrotic enteritis which most frequently occured in chicken with vaccine-inducedcoccidial lesions. Experimental study in broiler chicken was conducted to determine the predisporing factor for necroric enteritis. Three possible factors were evaluated, those were feeding with high animal protein ingreadients, vaccination with live attenuated anticoccidial vaccine, and feeding with spores of C. perfringens type A and C. The occurrence of intestinal coocidial leions in chicks vaccinated with life attenuated anticoccidial vaccine was demonstrated. The highest mortality and the significant intestinal lesions of chickens were observed in group treated with live attenuated anticoccidial vaccine and C. perfringens type A and C spores (P<0.01). From the experiment, it was found that vaccine induced-coccidial lesions and C. perfringens type A and C were the predisposing factors of necrotic enteritis. These results suggest that the concurrent infection with coccidia and C. perfringens has a synergistic effect on mortality and intestinal lesions in necrotic enteritis. Â Key words : Clostridial necrotic enteritis, broiler chicken, coccidiosis

Epidemiology of JapaneseâBâ encephalitis infection in pigs in Riau and North Sumatera Provinces Sendow, Indrawati; Syafriati, Tatty; Hadi, Upik Kesumawati; Malole, Martin; Soviana, Susi; ., Darminto
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Epidemiology study on Japanese-B-Encephalitis (JE) was conducted in Riau and North Sumatera Provinces. A total of 190 pig sera from Riau Province and 164 pig sera from North Sumatera were tested using competitive ELISA (C-ELISA) to detect antibodies against JE virus. Insect collection was also conducted using several methods near pig farms in those provinces and identified into species to gain more information on its role to distribute JE infection. Serological results indicated that 70% pig in Sumatera and 94% pig in Riau had antibodies against JE virus. The highest prevalence of reaktor was detected in pig of more than 4 months age in both Provinces. The results of insect collection showed that Culex tritaeniorchynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus were the most dominant species in both provinces. Based on serological testing, indicated that JE virus infected pig in Sumatera and Riau Provinces, and higher reactor was obtained in older pig. Culex tritaeniorchynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus were the dominant insect species in both provinces, hence those species had a possibility to play an important role of JE transmission. Â Key words: JE, pigs, serology, insects

Response of broilers on the diet containing fermented palm oil sludge stored at various length of time Bintang, I.A.K; Sinurat, A.P; Purwadaria, T
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

An experiment was conducted to study the response of broilers on the diet containing fermented palm oil sludge with Aspergillus niger stored at different length of time. The research was carried out in Research Institute for Animal Production Ciawi, Bogor. The experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design using 245 day old broiler chicks with 5 replicates. They were allotted to 7 diets containing one control without palm oil sludge (R0), 5 and 10% of fresh-fermented palm oil sludge (LSF) (R1 and R2), 5 and 10% of LSF stored at room temperature for 2 months (R3 and R4) and stored for 3 months (R5 and R6). Diets were fed ad libitum for 5 weeks. Feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and carcass yields were observed as parameters. Results showed that no parameters were significantly affected by the treatments. It is concluded that 10% of fermented palm oil sludge could be included in diet of broilers even after three months storage at room temperature. Â Key words: Broiler, fermented palm oil sludge, storage period

Isolation and Screening of Microbes for The microorganism used as probiotics must be bio-safety, could be cheaply and easily Purwadaria, Tresnawati; Kompiang, I Putu; Darma, Jinadasa; ., Supriati; Sudjatmika, Emi
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

produced, and suitable with the environment of the digestive track. Isolation was carried out from commercial culture (containing mixture of Bacillus spp.), digestive tract (proventriculus, small intestine and large intestine) of local and broiler chickens, and commercial yoghurts (fermented milk). Neutral and acidic nutrient agars (NA) were used as the media at room temperature and in the aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Separate colonies were isolated, stained with Gram and spore staining and observed under the microscope. The bacteria which were Gram positive bacillus and can form spores were further identified. Eight different species of Bacillus spp.: B. laterosporus, B. coagulans, B. alvei, B. circulans, B. brevis B. bodius, B. pasteurii, and B. macroides were isolated from the commercial mixture. From the digestive tracts of local and broiler chickens, 13 bacteria and 2 yeasts were isolated, while 5 yeast were obtained from two commercial yoghurts. Those bacteria were facultative aerobic and only grew in neutral condition and not in acidic condition (pH 4.5), while the yeast were either facultative anaerobic also can grow in pH neutral and 4.5. The ability of each isolates to grow in the media containing mixture of minerals and glucose, sucrose or molasses were evaluated. Incubation was carried out in the shaker incubator at 40Â°C, 150 rpm for 48 hours. Dry matter of the biomass was determined as the growth parameter. All isolates of bacteria and yeast can grow in the substrate containing glucose, sucrose and molasses. Variance analyses show that there were interactions between kind of bacteria and carbon source or between kind of yeast and carbon source (P<0.05). Three isolates of bacteria that had highest production of biomass were B. coagulans on sucrose (the third for molasses), Sp. 9 on glucose, and B. apiarius on sucrose (the sixth on molasses). B. apiarius isolated from digestive tract of local chicken will be useful to be developed as probiotics. The highest production of yeast was the control Saccharomyces cerevisiae on three sugars. Between the isolates from digestive tract of local chicken, Toluraspora delbrueckii AL-15 produced 13.8x10-1mg/ml biomassa on molasses. Â Key words: Poultry probiotics, bacterial and yeast isolates, glucose, sucrose, molasses

Effectivity of various concentration of lactose in Tris extender on liquid semen viability of Saanen bucks Tambing, Surya Natal; Sutama, I-K; Arifiantini, R.I
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The objective of this study is to determine the best concentration of lactose in Tris extender in maintaining liquid semen viability of Saanen bucks stored at 5Â°C. Four heads of Saanen bucks of 2-4 years old were used as semen source. Semen was collected once a week using an artificial vagina. Variance analysis was conducted based on completely randomized design with three treatments, i.e 30, 60, and 90 mM lactose (L30, L68 and L90). Duncan test was used to observe the different between treatment. Results indicated that the mean percentage of motility, live sperm, intact plasma membrane, and intact acrosomal cap of liquid semen in treatment L30 (70.83; 78.20; 79.56 and 81.20% respectively) were significantly higher (P<0.05) than treatment L60 (67.08; 73.73; 75.01 and 76.87% respectively) and treatment L90 (61.50; 71.88; 69.08 and 71.33% respectively). After storage for 48 hours at 5Â°C apparently the mean percentage of motility, live sperm, intact plasma membrane and intact acrosomal cap in treatment L30 were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of in treatment L60 and L90. Decreasing percentage of motility, live sperm, intact plasma membrane, and intact acrosomal cap during storage at 50C from 0 until 48 hour in treatment L30 (42.83; 19.75; 40.84 and 39.00% respectively) were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those of in treatment L60 (55.41; 23.06; 50.14; and 50.90% respectively) and treatment L90 (54.83; 29.93; 50.14 and 50.97% respectively). It was concluded that supplementation 30 mM lactose in Tris extender could maintain liquid semen viability in Saanen bucks. Â Key words: Saanen bucks, lactose, liquid semen

The effect of glutathione addition in sperm diluent on the quality of bovine chilled semen Triwulaninngsih, Endang; Situmorang, P; Sugiarti, T; Sianturi, R.G; Kusumaningrum, D.A
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

This study has been conducted at the Laboratory of Physiology Reproduction, Research Institute for Animal Production (RIAP), Ciawi-Bogor, West Java. Sperms were collected from FH bulls with body weight 613 kg (FH-1) and 480 kg (FH-2) twice a week. Briefly after quality evaluation, semen was diluted in Tris-Citrate buffer medium, containing egg yolk (20% v/v) and (4% v/v) glycerol to get spermatozoa concentration of 50 x 106 per ml. Sperm diluents were added with glutathione (GSH) with doses of 0.0; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 mM as treatments A, B, C and D respectively. The diluted semen was then cooled from 35 to 5Â°C using a cooling machine for 60 minutes then stored in the refrigerator (5Â°C). Recorded parameters were the survivability of spermatozoa by evaluating the percentage of motile and live, the condition of acrosome and plasma membrane. Data were analysed by completely randomised design with the general linear model (GLM) procedure. The characteristics of collected semen were normal. Viability of spermatozoa stored at 5Â°C for 0, 1, 4 and 8 days shown by intact acrosomal were 74.42; 69.27; 57.80 and 42.58% for A, B, C and D respectively. Those data were significantly different (P<0.01). Motility, live and intact plasma membrane were 46.72; 52.34; 53.44 and 51.09%; 63.59; 69.11; 68.64; and 66.89%, and 66.01; 69.75; 68.38 and 68.44% for treatment A, B, C and D respectively. Additional 0.5 mM GSH gave the highest (P<0.01) motility, live and intact plasma membrane of sperm. Therefore, it is concluded that the effect of addition 0.5 mM of GSH to the sperm diluents can improve the viability of spermatozoa and possibly protect the spermatozoa from free radical damage. Â Key words: Glutathione, viability, spermatozoa

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Contact Name
Ahmadi Riyanto

Contact Email
medpub@litbang.deptan.go.id

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Journal Mail Official
ahmadi_puslitbangnak@yahoo.com

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Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA