Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Article Per Year (5 Year)

All

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner

JITV
Website

Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 08537380 EISSN : 2252696X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

Aims JITV (Jurnal Ilmu ternak dan Veteriner) or Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (IJAVS) aims to publish original research results and reviews on farm tropical animals such as cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, poultry, as well as non domesticated Indonesian endemic animals, such as deers, anoa, babirusa, etc. Scope Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences . The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of animal science and veterinary

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi

Articles 1,756 Documents

67 68 69 70 71

Productivity of duckweed (Lemna minor) as alternative forage feed for livestock in different light intensities Nopriani, Uti; Karti, PDMH; Prihantoro, Iwan
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Duckweed (Lemna minor) is a small aquatic plant that grow and float in water and spread extensively. Lemna minor is potential as a source of high quality forage. This study aimed to determine optimal light intensity on Lemna minor to generate maximum productivity. Parameters observed were physical-biological and chemical characteristics of the media (pH value, temperature, cover area, decreased of media volume, BOD, COD, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate), plant growth acceleration (number of shoots, leaf diameter and chlorophyll-a), biomass production, doubling time of cover area and the number of daughters. This study was done based on a completely randomized design with 4 levels of shading. While treatment was: without shading, shading 30%, shading 50% and shading 70% using paranet shade. Each treatment consisted of 4 replications. Result showed that the productivity of Lemna minor included the number of daughters, chlorophyll-a, biomass production, cover area, absorbed phosphate and doubling time the number of daughters reached the highest level without shading treatment (1007,21-2813,57 lux). The decrease of intensity of light, the increase the diameter of leaf. Decrease of media volume was positively correlated to size of cover area. Biomass production influenced by a wide doubling time of cover area and number of daughters. Key Words: Lemna minor, Light Intensity, Media, Productivity

Supplementation of calcium-fatty acid to lactating cow to increase milk production and performance of dairy cow Wina, Elizabeth; Widiawaty, Yeni; Tangendjaja, Budi; Susana, IWR
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

One of energy sources for feedingÂ dairy cow is fat or oil, however, inclusion of fat or fatty acid at high level (>5% in the diet) may cause negative effect on rumen fermentation. Fat or fatty acid, therefore should be protected from its degradation in the rumen. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate protected product of palm oil fatty acid (Calcium fatty acid) made in the institute as feed supplement given on top of the ration. The first experiment was in vitro experiment using rumen liquor. Feed without and with Calcium fatty acid (Ca-FA) was incubated in buffer-rumen liquor and pH, total gas, ammonia and in vitro digetibility were measured. The second experiment was feeding trial with two treatments using 12 FH dairy cow divided into 2 groups with diet containing supplemntation 300 g of Ca-FA and other group is control treatment without supplementation. The feed was total mixed ration, comprises of elephant grass, ground corn, soybean meal, wheat pollard and coconut meal with protein content 15.1% and Net Energy for Lactation 1.53 Mcal/kg.. Feed was given to cow one month before parturition until 120 days of lactation period. Milk production was recorded daily. Faeces collection was done at the end of the experiments for 1 week to calculate total tract digestibility. The result of the in vitro experiment showed that no negative effect on in vitro rumen fermentation except higher digestibility (DMD Ca-FA addition vs control were 58.52% vs 53.99%) occurred due to addition of Ca-FA. The addition of Ca-FA increased milk production (11.41 vs 10.74 litre/day), but no effect on intake, total tract digestibility and milk quality, higher body weight of cow than control cow showing the benefit of using Ca-FA in the diet of dairy cow. In conclusion supplementation of Ca-FA at 300 g would be beneficial to increase milk production without negative impact. Key Words: Calcium-Fatty Acid, Dairy Cow, Milk, Production, Quality

Seroprevalence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 subtype clade 2.3.2 on ducks and muscouvy ducks in small holders farm Martindah, Eny; Indriani, Risa; Wahyuwardani, S
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Seroprevalence studies of HPAI H5 subtype in ducks and muscouvy duck in smallholders farm was carried out in Serang and Tangerang District, Banten Province. The study comprised a serological survey to define the distribution and prevalence of HPAI H5 subtype infection on ducks and muscouvy ducks as well as attempted isolation of the virus from these species. Unit of sample in each stage was randomly choosen by multy stage random sample. Blood samples were taken from ducks and muscouvy ducks that had never been vaccinated, purposively. Sera were tested using Haemaglutination Inhibition Test, antigen H5N1 (clade 2.3.2), while the cloaca and trachea swab samples was injected into specific pathogens free (SPF) embryonated 9-11 days old, to isolate the virus. Results showed that H5 subtype virus could be isolated from tracheal swabs of ducks in the various age groups. The seroprevalence of H5 subtype virus in Banten Province was 25.5%, in which, 24.3% occured in ducks and in muscouvy duck in the rate of 1.2%, with titer HI positive was > 3log2. Based on species, seroprevalence level HPAI H5 subtype in ducks was 3-4 times higher than the level of seroprevalence of HPAI H5 subtype in muscouvy duck, which indicated that the H5 subtype virus more likely to circulate in the ducks flock than in muscouvy duck. This study noted that both muscouvy duck and ducks appeared to play a significant role in the epidemiology of the disease. Key Words: Seroprevalence, Ducks, Muscouvy Duck, HPAI H5 Subtype

Detection of dioxins Trichloro dibenzo-p-dioxins and Trichloro dibenzofurans in beef with Gas Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ., Indraningsih .; Sani, Yulvian
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

This study is to investigate the residue level of TCDDs/TCDFs in beef collected from Animal Slaughter Houses in Giwangan (Yogyakarta), Klaten (Central Java) and Kupang (East Nusatenggara). Residue of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) was also analysed with GC-ECD, and dioxins with GC-MSMS. Fifty samples were collected form Giwangan (20), Klaten (15) and Kupang (15). Results shows that POPs were detected in beef samples including aldrin, dieldrin, DDT, endrin and heptachlor. The highest total residues of POPs were detected in beef from Giwangan (Yogyakarta) at 93.11 hg/g, followed by Klaten (17.79 hg/g) and Kupang (12.87 hg/g). Residues of POPs were below the maximum residue limit stated by the SNI 7313: 2008. Average of total TEQ for TCDDs/TCDFs in beef from Giwangan was 13,624.38 rg/g with a range between 4,496.66 to 20,642.40 rg/g was higher than that from Kupang at 1,623.98 rg/g with a range between 0.83 to 6,471.07 rg/g. On the other hand, dioxins were not detected in beef from Klaten. The total TEQ of TCDDs/TCDFs in beef samples from Giwangan was 54,497.52 rg/g and Kupang was 6,495.9 rg/g. These results indicated that there was an association between the presence of endrin and heptachlor with the presence of TCDDs/TCDFs residues in beef that this is may be new information for further studied. Key Words: Dioxins, TCDDs/TCDFs, Beef, GC MS/MS

Effect of Sapindus rarak powder as feed additive on performance and lipid profile of broiler chicken infected by Eimeria tenella Pasaribu, Tiurma; Wina, Elizabeth; ., Sumiati; Setiyono, A; Astuti, Dewi Apri
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Sapindus rarak fruits have bioactive compound named saponin which are potential to inhibit growth of protozoa and reduce cholesterol. This study was conducted to evaluate effect of lerak (Sapindus rarak) powder as microparticle on performance and lipid profile of chicken broiler that was infected by Eimeria tenella. A total of150headsof DOCwere assign to recive on of5 treatments: T1 (K+, TAk, TSRa, TIE), T2 (K-, TAk, TSRa, IE), T3 (Sal, IE), T4 (Sra 2,5, IE), and T5 (Sra 1,25, IE); each treatment consisted of 6replications with 5birds per replications in battery cage for 34 days. All chickens except those in control positive treatment (non-infected, non-medicated) were inoculated orally with 6000 oocysts E. tenella on the 14th day of age. Variables measured were body weight gain, carcass, OPG (oocysts pergram of faeces), lipid profile, and mortality. Treatment with S. rarak, dose of 1.25g/kg was not significantly different from the salinomycin treatment on BWG and feed conversion. Percentage of carcassand organs and blood cholesterol concentration were not significantly differentin all treatments, but blood triglyceride at S. rarak addition with doseof 2.5, 1.25g/kg and salinomycin addition with dose of 0.5g/kg, and negative control were lower than positive control. While number of OPG in faeces (days 14-34) showed that S. rarak powder with dose of 2.5 and 1.25g/kg suppressed the development of oocystsof E. tenella. In conclusion, S. rarak microparticle (75Âµm) can be used as feed additive to replace salinomycinas coccidiostat. Key Words: Sapindusrarak Powder, Chicken, Performance, Blood Lipid Profile, Eimeria tenella

Utilization of chitosan waste in chicken diet Pasaribu, T.; Kompiang, I.P.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 5, No 4 (2000)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

An experiment has been conducted to determine the possibility of using waste from chitosan processing, which contain shrimp soluble, as poultry feed. The fresh waste was immediately mixed with wheat pollard (1:1, w/w) and sun dried. Another portion of the waste was stored, at low pH (4.5) for 1 month before sun drying. Experimental rations were formulated to be isoprotein (21%) and isoenergy (3000 kcal/kg), with 25% wheat pollard (R1), WPUL 26.3% (R2), wheat polard 12.5% (R3) WPUL 13.2% (R4), WPUB 13.2% (R5). Each ration was fed to 40 doc broiler, divided into 5 cages (4 male and 4 female/cage). Feed and water were given ad lib during the 4 weeks trial period. Body weight gain of treatment R2 (762.8 gram) was significantly (P <0.05) lower than the other treatments, while there was no significant difference between treatment R1 (817.2 gram), R3 (816.0 gram), R4 (839.2 gram) and R5 (830.1 gram). And the FCR values were significantly different (P<0.05) between treatment R2 with R1, R3, R4, and R5, i.e. is 2.43; 2.24; 2.16; 2.16; and 2.06. Respectively it is concluded that chitosan waste, after sun drying and mixed with wheat pollard, could only be included in the formulation up to 13.2%.Key words : Chitosan waste, broiler

THALIB, A. 2002. Effect of additional of microbial growth factors combined with and without microbe preparate on growth performance of Etawah-cross goat. JITV 7(4): 220-226. thalib, Amlius
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 7, No 4 (2002)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Effect of microbial growth factors (FPM) combined with and without microbe preparate (SM) on growth of Etawah-crossgoat has been conducted for 14 weeks, including 2 weeks of adaptation period. Animals used were 24 male goats of Etawahcross (PE) with a mean liveweight of 17.73 Â± 1.80 kg. The animals were randomly distributed into 3 treatment groups. Eachgroup consisted of 8 animals. All animals were fed elephant grass (ad lib.) + concentrate containing 16% crude protein (1.0% oflive weight) as basal diet. The treatment groups were : I. Control (K); II. K + FPM; III. K + SM + FPM. Measurements recordedwere: feed consumption, average daily gain (ADG), dry matter digestibility (in vitro and in vivo DMDs), as well as rumenecosystem. All animals were placed in metabolism cages for 2 weeks for determination of in vivo DMD. The results showed thatFPM combined with and without SM improved the performance of both rumen ecosystem and host animals. Compared tocontrol, combination of FPM with SM increased the following parameters significantly (P<0.05): ADG (55 vs. 36 g); DMI (645vs. 609 g head-1 day-1); in vivo DMD (74 vs. 69%); FCR (12 vs. 17); in vitro DMD (49 vs. 46%); colony number of bacteria percell number of protozoa (3.09 x 104 vs. 1.12 x 104); VFA content (3.53 vs. 2.82 mg ml-1); NH3-N content (68 vs. 56 mg l-1); pH(6.78 vs. 6.65). Microbe preparate enhanced the effect of FPM on VFA content so that the combination of FPM and SM(treatment III) significantly increased the VFA content as compared to the control (P<0.05).Key words: Microbial growth factor, microbe preparate, etawah-cross goat

SENDOW, I. 2002. Isolation of bluetongue serotypes 1, 6 and 21 from insects in West Java. JITV 7(4): 272-278 sendow, indrawati
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 7, No 4 (2002)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Bluetongue virus is one of arbovirus diseases which is transmitted by insects, Culicoides spp. Insect collection wasconducted weekly from 1991 to 1993 and forthnightly from 1993 to 1997 in West Java using Pirbright-type miniature light trapin to phosphate buffered saline for identification and viral isolation. A total of 1155 pools of insects were inoculated intoembryonated chicken eggs before passaging in a mosquito cell line and three times blind passages in BHK-21 cells. Fourteenpools of insects produced cytopathic effect in BHK-21 cells. Four of the infected BHK-21 cells reacted in the antigen captureELISA test using a specific monoclonal antibody to bluetongue (BTV) virus. Further identification into serotype in ReferenceLaboratory, indicated that BTV serotype 1 was isolated from C. fulvus, BTV serotype 6 was isolated from C. peregrinus andBTV serotype 21 from pools of C. shortii and C. orientalis.Key words: Bluetongue viruses, isolation, insects

Isolation of bluetongue serotypes 1, 6 and 21 from insects in West Java sendow, indrawati
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 7, No 4 (2002)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Effect of additional of microbial growth factors combined with and without microbe preparate on growth performance of Etawah-cross goat thalib, Amlius
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 7, No 4 (2002)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Page 69 of 176 | Total Record : 1756

67 68 69 70 71

Filter by Year

1995 2023

Filter By Issues

All Issue Vol 28, No 2 (2023): June 2023 Vol 28, No 1 (2023): March 2023 Vol 27, No 4 (2022): December 2022 Vol 27, No 3 (2022): September 2022 Vol 27, No 2 (2022): June 2022 Vol 27, No 1 (2022): March 2022 Vol 26, No 4 (2021): December 2021 Vol 26, No 3 (2021): September 2021 Vol 26, No 2 (2021): June 2021 Vol 26, No 1 (2021): March 2021 Vol 25, No 4 (2020): December 2020 Vol 25, No 3 (2020): SEPTEMBER 2020 Vol 25, No 2 (2020): JUNE 2020 Vol 25, No 1 (2020): MARCH 2020 Vol 24, No 4 (2019): December 2019 Vol 24, No 3 (2019): SEPTEMBER 2019 Vol 24, No 2 (2019): JUNE 2019 Vol 24, No 1 (2019): MARCH 2019 Vol 23, No 4 (2018): DECEMBER 2018 Vol 23, No 3 (2018): SEPTEMBER 2018 Vol 23, No 2 (2018): JUNE 2018 Vol 23, No 1 (2018): MARCH 2018 Vol 22, No 4 (2017): DECEMBER 2017 Vol 22, No 3 (2017): SEPTEMBER 2017 Vol 22, No 2 (2017): JUNE 2017 Vol 22, No 1 (2017): MARCH 2017 Vol 21, No 4 (2016): DECEMBER 2016 Vol 21, No 3 (2016): SEPTEMBER 2016 Vol 21, No 2 (2016): JUNE 2016 Vol 21, No 2 (2016): JUNE 2016 Vol 21, No 1 (2016): MARCH 2016 Vol 20, No 4 (2015): DECEMBER 2015 Vol 20, No 3 (2015): SEPTEMBER 2015 Vol 20, No 3 (2015): SEPTEMBER 2015 Vol 20, No 2 (2015): JUNE 2015 Vol 20, No 2 (2015): JUNE 2015 Vol 20, No 1 (2015): MARCH 2015 Vol 20, No 1 (2015) Vol 19, No 4 (2014): DECEMBER 2014 Vol 19, No 3 (2014): SEPTEMBER 2014 Vol 19, No 2 (2014): JUNE 2014 Vol 19, No 1 (2014): MARCH 2014 Vol 19, No 4 (2014) Vol 19, No 3 (2014) Vol 19, No 2 (2014) Vol 19, No 1 (2014) Vol 18, No 4 (2013): DECEMBER 2013 Vol 18, No 3 (2013): SEPTEMBER 2013 Vol 18, No 2 (2013): JUNE 2013 Vol 18, No 1 (2013): MARCH 2013 Vol 18, No 4 (2013) Vol 18, No 3 (2013) Vol 18, No 2 (2013) Vol 18, No 1 (2013) Vol 17, No 4 (2012): DECEMBER 2012 Vol 17, No 3 (2012): SEPTEMBER 2012 Vol 17, No 2 (2012): JUNE 2012 Vol 17, No 1 (2012): MARCH 2012 Vol 17, No 4 (2012) Vol 17, No 3 (2012) Vol 17, No 2 (2012) Vol 17, No 1 (2012) Vol 16, No 4 (2011): DECEMBER 2011 Vol 16, No 3 (2011): SEPTEMBER 2011 Vol 16, No 2 (2011): JUNE 2011 Vol 16, No 1 (2011): MARCH 2011 Vol 16, No 4 (2011) Vol 16, No 3 (2011) Vol 16, No 2 (2011) Vol 16, No 1 (2011) Vol 15, No 4 (2010): DECEMBER 2010 Vol 15, No 3 (2010): SEPTEMBER 2010 Vol 15, No 2 (2010): JUNE 2010 Vol 15, No 1 (2010): MARCH 2010 Vol 15, No 4 (2010) Vol 15, No 3 (2010) Vol 15, No 2 (2010) Vol 15, No 1 (2010) Vol 14, No 4 (2009): DECEMBER 2009 Vol 14, No 3 (2009): SEPTEMBER 2009 Vol 14, No 2 (2009): JUNE 2009 Vol 14, No 1 (2009): MARCH 2009 Vol 14, No 4 (2009) Vol 14, No 3 (2009) Vol 14, No 2 (2009) Vol 14, No 1 (2009) Vol 13, No 4 (2008): DECEMBER 2008 Vol 13, No 3 (2008): SEPTEMBER 2008 Vol 13, No 2 (2008): JUNE 2008 Vol 13, No 1 (2008): MARCH 2008 Vol 13, No 4 (2008) Vol 13, No 3 (2008) Vol 13, No 2 (2008) Vol 13, No 1 (2008) Vol 12, No 4 (2007): DECEMBER 2007 Vol 12, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007 Vol 12, No 2 (2007): JUNE 2007 Vol 12, No 1 (2007): MARCH 2007 Vol 12, No 4 (2007) Vol 12, No 3 (2007) Vol 12, No 2 (2007) Vol 12, No 1 (2007) Vol 11, No 4 (2006): DECEMBER 2006 Vol 11, No 3 (2006): SEPTEMBER 2006 Vol 11, No 2 (2006): JUNE 2006 Vol 11, No 1 (2006): MARCH 2006 Vol 11, No 4 (2006) Vol 11, No 3 (2006) Vol 11, No 2 (2006) Vol 11, No 1 (2006) Vol 10, No 4 (2005): DECEMBER 2005 Vol 10, No 3 (2005): SEPTEMBER 2005 Vol 10, No 2 (2005): JUNE 2005 Vol 10, No 1 (2005): MARCH 2005 Vol 10, No 4 (2005) Vol 10, No 3 (2005) Vol 10, No 2 (2005) Vol 10, No 1 (2005) Vol 9, No 4 (2004): DECEMBER 2004 Vol 9, No 3 (2004): SEPTEMBER 2004 Vol 9, No 2 (2004): JUNE 2004 Vol 9, No 1 (2004): MARCH 2004 Vol 9, No 4 (2004) Vol 9, No 3 (2004) Vol 9, No 2 (2004) Vol 9, No 1 (2004) Vol 8, No 4 (2003): DECEMBER 2003 Vol 8, No 3 (2003): SEPTEMBER 2003 Vol 8, No 2 (2003): JUNE 2003 Vol 8, No 1 (2003): MARCH 2003 Vol 8, No 4 (2003) Vol 8, No 3 (2003) Vol 8, No 2 (2003) Vol 8, No 1 (2003) Vol 7, No 4 (2002): DECEMBER 2002 Vol 7, No 3 (2002): SEPTEMBER 2002 Vol 7, No 2 (2002): JUNE 2002 Vol 7, No 1 (2002): MARCH 2002 Vol 7, No 4 (2002) Vol 7, No 3 (2002) Vol 7, No 2 (2002) Vol 7, No 1 (2002) Vol 6, No 4 (2001): DECEMBER 2001 Vol 6, No 3 (2001): SEPTEMBER 2001 Vol 6, No 2 (2001): JUNE 2001 Vol 6, No 1 (2001): MARCH 2001 Vol 6, No 4 (2001) Vol 6, No 3 (2001) Vol 6, No 2 (2001) Vol 6, No 1 (2001) Vol 5, No 4 (2000): DECEMBER 2000 Vol 5, No 3 (2000): SEPTEMBER 2000 Vol 5, No 2 (2000): JUNE 2000 Vol 5, No 1 (2000): MARCH 2000 Vol 5, No 4 (2000) Vol 5, No 3 (2000) Vol 5, No 2 (2000) Vol 5, No 1 (2000) Vol 4, No 4 (1999): DECEMBER 1999 Vol 4, No 3 (1999): SEPTEMBER 1999 Vol 4, No 2 (1999): JUNE 1999 Vol 4, No 1 (1999): MARCH 1999 Vol 4, No 4 (1999) Vol 4, No 3 (1999) Vol 4, No 2 (1999) Vol 4, No 1 (1999) Vol 3, No 4 (1998) Vol 3, No 4 (1998) Vol 3, No 3 (1998) Vol 3, No 3 (1998) Vol 3, No 2 (1998) Vol 3, No 2 (1998) Vol 3, No 1 (1998) Vol 3, No 1 (1998) Vol 2, No 4 (1998) Vol 2, No 4 (1998) Vol 2, No 3 (1997) Vol 2, No 3 (1997) Vol 2, No 2 (1996) Vol 2, No 2 (1996) Vol 2, No 1 (1996) Vol 2, No 1 (1996) Vol 1, No 3 (1995) Vol 1, No 3 (1995) Vol 1, No 2 (1995) Vol 1, No 2 (1995) Vol 1, No 1 (1995) Vol 1, No 1 (1995) More Issue

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name
Ahmadi Riyanto

Contact Email
medpub@litbang.deptan.go.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
ahmadi_puslitbangnak@yahoo.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Ahmadi Riyanto

Contact Email medpub@litbang.deptan.go.id

Phone -

Journal Mail Official ahmadi_puslitbangnak@yahoo.com

Editorial Address -

Location Kota bogor, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Ahmadi Riyanto

Contact Email
medpub@litbang.deptan.go.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
ahmadi_puslitbangnak@yahoo.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA