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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development
ISSN : 02166461     EISSN : 23546832     DOI : 10.14334
Core Subject : Health,
Veterinary
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 24, No 2 (2014)" : 5 Documents clear
Competitiveness of Beef Cattle Farming in Indonesia: Domestic Resources Cost Approach Rouf, Ari Abdul; Daryanto, Arief; Fariyanti, Anna
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (220.234 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v24i2.1053

Abstract

Beef demand in Indonesian people is supplied from the domestic and import production, including Australia and New Zealand. Domestic Resources Cost (DRC) is one of the indicators in free trade that is defined as one of the competitiveness criteria. The competitiveness is determined by several factors, including resource, labor, technology and market demand. Based on the previous research results, it was obtained that: (1) The availability of abundant feed through the grazing system and crops livestock system can provide comparative advantage (DRC = 0.08-0.54); (2) The type of beef cattle kept had a good competitiveness (DRC = 0.08-0.94); (3) The labor’s wage can simultaneously create competitiveness (DRC<1); (4) The technological factor on farm level showed that the higher Average Daily Gain (ADG) will make the competitiveness increased; and (5) The number of cattle had a positive causality on the competitiveness with a coefficient of 0.510. The smallholder farmer with the average farming scale of three heads per farmer had a lower competitiveness (DRC = 0.08) compared to the cattle fattening company (DRC = 0.01-0.02). The existing research showed that the beef cattle farming in several places in Indonesia had good competitiveness (DRC<1), but in some areas, its value was close to one (less competitive). Therefore, in order to improve the competitiveness, the formulation and implementation of the farm subsector policy should be regarded as a system including upstream to downstream subsystems so it is expected that the coordination and synergy policy among stakeholder and economic actor will be better. Key words: Beef cattle, competitiveness, domestic resources cost
Strategies for Increasing Buffalo Productivity through Improvement in Feed and Genetic Talib, Chalid; Herawati, Tati; ., Hastono
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (762.696 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v24i2.1052

Abstract

Buffalo is indigenous livestock of Asia, classified as beef buffaloes that evolve in Southeast Asia and China and dairy buffaloes exist in Indo-Pakistan and Mediteranian. In Indonesia, beef buffaloes are known as swamp buffalo and there are seven new buffalo breeds namely Pampangan, Sumbawa, Moa, Toraya, Simelue, East Kalimantan and South Kalimantan. Buffaloes are reared in extensive traditional system characterized by low growth rate and reproduction ability due to feed shortage and high inbreeding rate. Feed improvements in female is required to get dry matter intake 2.5-2.7% of body weight (BW) that consist of 70% roughage and 30% concentrates, will show a clear sign of estrus. In the male when feed consumption is 2.7-3.5% of BW; it will perform growth rate of 0.6 kg/head/day. Genetic improvement is conducted through selection based on BW in certain ages, reproduction ability and parents without recessive alleles. Distribution of proven bulls and their sperm in outbreeding system would improve the production and reproduction performance, reduce inbreeding level and increase breeding farmer’s income. It is expected that in the long term, the population of buffaloes in Indonesia will increase. Key words: Buffalo, strategies, feed, genetic
Heat Stress on Poultry: Metabolism, Effects and Efforts to Overcome Tamzil, Mohammad Hasil
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (190.675 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v24i2.1049

Abstract

Poultry industries in the tropics are challenged by high ambient temperatures and humidities which cause poultry suffer from heat stress. Heat stress contributes to the instability of certain compounds, such as enzymes. Consequently the enzymes function reduces. Affecting the physiological and hormonal conditions of the poultry. In such condition, the body will attempt to restore homeostasis to the state before it happened. When physiological failed to meet the condition, the body will use the genetic pathway by activating Heat Shock Protein (HSP) genes to protect proteins which are sensitive to high temperatures. Heat stress in poultry triggers the emergence of various diseases and affects the growth of poultry and egg production. These negative effects on poultry can be minimized by selecting the type of chickens which are tolerant to high ambient temperature, modifying microclimates of cages and adding anti-stress compounds through feed and or drink. Key words: Heat stress, heat shock protein, physiological conditions, poultry
Potential Development of Bioindustry in Cattle and Oil Palm Integration System ., Gunawan; Talib, Chalid
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (152.729 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v24i2.1050

Abstract

An integrated system between cattle and oil palm plantation has a great potency for development of bioindustry, either in the form of animal feed or organic fertilizer bioindustry. Bioindustry of cattle feed is developed from biomass of plantations, such as stem and leaves of palm, palm kernel and solid. Bioindustry of organic fertilizer is developed from cattle manure. The targets of development of bioindustry are palm plantations in Sumatera and Kalimantan regions, covering 9.25 million hectares. It is estimated to be able to produce biomass quantity as much as 54.60 million tons per year which can be used as fodder for 12.13 million animal unit (AU) of beef cattle, whereas currently there are only 3.06 million AU cattle in Sumatera and Kalimantan, so the opportunities for the addition of cattle in both islands are 9.07 million AU. The existing beef cattle population of 3.06 million AU has the potency to produce 6.1 million tons of organic fertilizer can be used to fertilize 3.0 million hectares, therefore the rest of 6.25 million hectares remain unfertilised. The prospect of bioindustries on integration system of cattle with oil palm plantations in Sumatera and Kalimantan is very potential to meet the needs of organic fertilizer for plants and to utilize oil palm biomass for cattle feed. Key words: Bioindustry, biomass of oil palm plantation, cattle manure
Productivity and Utilization of Leguminous Tree Indigofera zollingeriana on Dry Land Herdiawan, Iwan; Krisnan, Rantan
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (151.589 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v24i2.1051

Abstract

Indigofera is well known as tarum plant, has about 700 species, including Indigofera zollingeriana. These plants are leguminous species that have high nutrient content and production as well as tolerant to abiotic stresses. This plant originated in tropical Africa, Asia, Australia, and North and South America, then spread to arid zone of Africa and Asia. In early 1900, it was brought by Europeans colonial to Indonesia. Indigofera can grow well at altitudes between 0-2200 m above sea level, with rainfall between 600-3000 mm/year. It can be used as a fodder crop because it has high nutrient content and production. It can be harvested at the age of eight months with an average production of 2,595 kg of fresh biomass/tree, with a total production of fresh approximately 52 tons/ha. Indigofera zollingeriana has crude protein content of 27.60%; neutral detergent fiber (NDF) 43.56%; acid detergent fiber (ADF) 35.24%; calcium (Ca) 1.16%; phosphorous (P) 0.26%; in vitro-dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) 67.50%; organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) 60.32%; 0.08% tannins and 0.41% saponin. Additionally I. zollingeriana is often used as green manure, cover crop in plantation areas, fabric dyeing and therapeutic herbs. Key words: Indigofera zollingeriana, characteristics, usage, dry land

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