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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development
ISSN : 02166461     EISSN : 23546832     DOI : 10.14334
Core Subject : Health,
Veterinary
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 785 Documents
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A Systematic Review on the Role of the Respiratory and Intestinal Mucosal Immunity during Newcastle Disease Virus Infection Mohd Iswadi Ismail
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 32, No 4 (2022): December 2022 (In Press)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v32i4.3108

Abstract

Newcastle disease (ND) is a devastating disease causing substantial economic losses due to high morbidity and mortality events worldwide in poultry. The disease is caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an enveloped, non-segmented single strand of negative-sense RNA approximately 15 kb in length. NDV can be classified as asymptomatic, lentogenic, mesogenic or velogenic pathotypes based on the levels of pathogenicity in chickens. The disease is being controlled by vaccination using either live-attenuated or inactivated vaccines. Various studies have been conducted to evaluate the association between mucosal immunity on NDV, however, the contribution of role of either respiratory or intestinal mucosal immunity remains to be revealed. Thus, the current study aimed to systematically review published articles about the role of respiratory and intestinal mucosal immunity during NDV infection. An online database search was performed through four different databases namely PubMed, Science Direct, JSTOR and Google Scholar using the following set of keywords: ‘Newcastle disease’, ‘Newcastle disease virus’, ‘respiratory’, ‘intestinal’ and ‘mucosal immunity’. Out of the 34,142 results, only 28 articles were suitable according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and were used for data extraction. Results showed that innate immunity was the most affected parameter when exposed to NDV infections, however, the role of respiratory and intestinal mucosal immunity against NDV infection remains widely uncharted. In conclusion, the role of the sub-components of respiratory and intestinal mucosal immunity toward NDV infection may become one of the determinant factors of protection for the chickens. 
Antibacterial effect of oregano oil and its main component carvacrol on Campylobacter jejuni isolates from broiler caecum Elma Hrustemović; Faruk Čaklovica; Jasmina Djedjibegovic; Kenan Čaklovica; Enida Članjak-Kudra
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 32, No 4 (2022): December 2022 (In Press)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v32i4.3090

Abstract

Campylobacter jejuni is a colonizer of the intestines of animals, but the highest prevalences were recorded in the cecum of broiler chickens. Production errors contribute to the prevalence of broiler carcasses exceeding permitted norms, which increases the incidence of consumer disease from campylobacteriosis, a foodborne disease. In order to prevent people from getting sick, many producers resort to the prophylactic use of antibiotics in broilers, but this practice leads to antibiotic resistance. The aim of the work is to outline the possibility of using oregano oil as an alternative to antibiotics in order to reduce the colonization of the cecum with Campylobacter jejuni in broiler chickens, which will contribute to the microbiological integrity of chicken meat, but also to reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance. In vitro tests show the antibacterial activity of oregano oil and its main antibacterial component carvacrol on Campylobacter jejuni isolates from the cecum of broiler chickens, and in vivo tests throughout the fattening period indicate a significant reduction in cecal colonization in the first, but not the last, days of fattening, suggesting the importance of further tests.
The Urgency of Identification of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Produced Bacteria in Indonesia Rida Tiffarent; Conny Riana Tjampakasari; Fathia Ramadhani; Herjuno Ari Nugroho; Syaiful Rizal; Nina Herlina; Nova Dilla Yanthi; Sugiyono Saputra
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 32, No 4 (2022): December 2022 (In Press)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v32i4.3043

Abstract

The Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) produced bacterias are the bacteria group that have resistant characteristic to beta-lactam antibiotics because of their ability to hydrolyze these antibiotics. This is a global health issue because they can reduce the treatment effectiveness and endanger human health. The ESBL produced bacterias were reported that they can be isolated from samples originated from animals, humans, and environment, indicating the potency of the resistant genes spreading widely. Therefore, it is necessary to take the preventive and control measures across sectors and stakeholders to limit the widespread transmission of resistant genes carried-bacteria, so the ESBL produced bacteria prevalence can be monitored. This article aims to present the studies of ESBL produced bacteria in Indonesia and the comparison with another country based on published journals and data. Even though these bacterias were identified in various samples, the reports from animals (wild and domestic) and the environment are still available in small numbers in Indonesia. The comprehensive studies from various fields (one health spectrum) in detection and surveillance are needed to support the awareness of antimicrobial resistance. Surveillance can be conducted thorough microbial approach such as culture and identification, and molecular methods. The surveillance data can be used as the source for planning and controlling program of antimicrobial resistance especially ESBL produced bacterias in Indonesia.
Strategy For Development Of Superior Sheep Breed In Increasing Income Of Rural Farmers Dwi Priyanto; Ening Ariningsih; Mewa Ariani
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 32, No 4 (2022): December 2022 (In Press)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v32i4.3141

Abstract

The sheep farming system is still a side business in addition to farming in rural areas so it is not optimal. The breed factor is a major problem in the community with low body weight performance (small type). Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) (cq. Indonesian Research for Animal Production/IRIAP) has designed a superior breed of sheep with the name "Composite Sheep" which is directed at body weight performance and has a large type, namely through a cross breeding program of local sheep with imported sheep. The sheep that are formed have a greater body weight which are prepared as sheep export and are able to adapt to the tropical environment. In an effort to accelerate the existence of the population of superior sheep, source breeds management unit have carried out propagation in the laboratory and in breeders or farmer  livestock groups, so as to accelerate the management of superior breed, including efforts to maintain their purity. To accelerate population development, it is directed to collaboration with breeders/groups that are ready to be disseminated to the farmer. It is hoped that the spread of composite superior breeds can improve the business performance of farmers in rural areas, as well as be able to increase the farmer income in the community, with a higher selling value because they have a greater body weight than local sheep in rural areas.
The uniqueness of bats as natural host of viruses and their implication to global health Ronald Tarigan
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 32, No 4 (2022): December 2022 (In Press)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v32i4.3071

Abstract

Bats are the natural host of several highly pathogenic viruses for human, such as SARS-CoV, Marburg, rabies, Hendra, Nipah, and ebola viruses. Bats did not show any clinical symptoms after infection with those highly pathogenic viruses. In addition, excessive inflammation and viremia were not developed in bats after viral infection. The absence of excessive inflammation is the compensation of their evolution as the only flying mammals. Their flight evolution also drives several unique features in their immune response that enable them to control the viral infection. This article summarizes current understandings about the uniqueness of bats as viral reservoir, the viral diversity in bats, the viral spillover from bats to human, and how to prevent the pandemic caused by emerging bat-borne viral zoonoses in the future. The understanding of how the antiviral response in bats work may provide valuable insights to control viral infection in human and domestic animals.

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