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Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 20878273     EISSN : 24606278     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture (JITAA) is a double blind peer-reviewed publication devoted to disseminate all information contributing to the understanding and development of animal agriculture in the tropics by publication of original research papers
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 50, No 4 (2025): December" : 10 Documents clear
An experimental investigation on the anthelmintic efficacy of crude aqueous extracts of selected medicinal herbs against gastrointestinal helminths in native chickens Tuyor, S.; Ramada, J. M. S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.4.257-268

Abstract

This study assessed the anthelmintic efficacy of selected crude aqueous herbal extracts against gastrointestinal helminths in native chickens raised under semi-scavenging conditions. Forty-five natu-rally infected birds were randomly allocated to five treatment groups: T1 (distilled water), T2 (commercial levamisole), T3 (Basella alba), T4 (Carica papaya), and T5 (Allium sativum). Treatments were administered orally at 3 mL/kg body weight, and fecal egg counts (EPG) were measured at base-line (day 0) and at days 10 and 14 post-treatment. Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins in all tested species. By Day 10, substantial reduc-tions in EPG occurred, with C. papaya (966.7 ± 76.4) and A. sativum (1100.0 ± 217.9) achieving sig-nificantly lower counts compared to distilled water (5283.3 ± 236.3) and the commercial anthelmintic levamisole (8650.0 ± 1468.3) (P < 0.05). B. alba exhibited intermediate efficacy (1233.3 ± 361.7), comparable statistically to the two most effective botanicals. However, EPG values rebounded signifi-cantly across all groups by day 14, though C. papaya (5166.7 ± 464.6), A. sativum (5266.7 ± 189.3), and B. alba (5250.0 ± 482.2) maintained significantly lower burdens compared to the control (10300.0 ± 3404.4) and levamisole (6716.7 ± 2878.5) groups (P < 0.05). These results show that botanical ex-tracts could be good short-term replacements for traditional anthelmintics. They also suggest that para-site control may require repeated or optimized dosing.
Manipulating concentrate level in the diet of tropical cattle to improve fiber utilization and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions Mo, D.; Thu, N. V.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.4.246-256

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of concentrate level in diet, 10, 25, 40, and 60% forage dry matter (DM), on feed intake, nutrient utilization, weight gain (WG), and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 12 male crossbred cattle (Red Sindhi × local, Bos indicus) 9-15 months of age in Southwestern Vi-etnam. The experiment was conducted for 6 months using a completely randomized block design. Ani-mals were individually housed and fed ad libitum with rice straw, with or without elephant grass, sup-plemented with commercial concentrate. Results showed that as the concentrate level increased, con-sumption of feeds, digestible nutrients and energy, WG, and GHG emissions rose linearly (P < 0.01), whereas neutral detergent fiber (NDFD) and acid detergent fiber digestibility declined (P < 0.05). The DM, organic matter, and crude protein digestibility were not significantly affected (P > 0.05). The in vitro NDFD assessments exhibited similar trends to the in vivo data (R² > 0.75). GHG emissions per unit of live weight were significantly reduced (P < 0.01) as concentrate levels increased up to 60%, alt-hough the difference between the 40% and 60% groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that a concentrate level of 40% forage DM offers an optimal balance between fiber utilization and GHG emission intensity. The in vitro technique using rumen fluid from slaugh-tered cattle with unknown dietary history and minimized chemical reagents may serve as a practical and ethical tool for evaluating fiber utilization in cattle nutrition studies.
Enhancing the nutritional value of preserved rice straw with calcite-based minerals for cattle in volcanic eruption-affected areas Khalil, K.; Anata, D.; Hermon, H.; Hendri, H.; Achmadi, J.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.4.281-292

Abstract

The December 2023 Mount Marapi eruption likely disrupted the mineral balance in tethered cattle by altering soil and forage composition. This study examined (1) mineral imbalances in tethered cattle and (2) the effectiveness of calcite-based mineral supplements in preserved rice straw to correct these imbalances. Hair samples from 45 cattle farms were also analyzed for minerals such as P, K, S, Na, and Cu. Rice straw was preserved with 1.2% molasses, 0.15% urea, and one of four mineral additives: cal-cined calcite (CC), enriched calcined calcite (eCC), enriched raw calcite (eRC), or commercial premix (UM). The preserved straw was fed to bulls in a 4 × 4 Latin Square design. Hair analysis revealed phosphorus deficiency in 82.2% of samples, copper deficiency in 31.1%, and excesses of sulfur and sodium in 100% and 71.1% of samples, respectively. Enriched additives improved the straw's sensory qualities and mineral profiles, reduced fungal contamination, and preserved the palatable stem portion. Blood hematology and mineral levels remained unchanged; bulls fed eCC gained 332 g/day, equal to the 354 g/day gain with UM. In conclusion, the Mount Marapi eruption significantly disrupts the min-eral status of tethered cattle, causing critical P/Cu deficiencies and S/Na excesses. eCC proves to be an effective mineral supplement, enhancing the quality of preserved straw and cattle performance in re-gions affected by the eruption.
Dose-response eeffects oof aaqueous garlic eextract ssupplementation vvia ddrinking wwater oon ggrowth, hhematology, iimmunity, a and coccidiosis iin Japanese Quails (Coturnix Japonica) Nhan, P.; Chuc, N. T.; Tri, N. M.; Mo, T. T. H.; Phuong, N. T. M.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.4.293-303

Abstract

This research evaluated garlic extract addition to drinking water on growth performance, hemato-logical characteristics, survivability, and coccidial infection in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). There were 500 quails randomly allotted to four groups receiving 0, 1, 2, or 4 mL/L garlic extract for 35 days. Survival improved significantly in all garlic groups, especially 4 mL/L group, which kept 100% survivability within early duration and 99.2% upon termination of the experiment. Weight gain rose considerably with garlic addition, where 4 mL/L group achieved 196.08 ± 1.99 g at 35 days com-pared to 183.22 ± 1.02 g control group. Conversely, daily intake tended to be low in garlic groups, es-pecially in the finishing phase (27–35 days), in support of improved efficiency in feed intake. Hemato-logical findings indicated red blood cell and hemoglobin declined in a dose-related manner, yet white blood count significantly elevated, showing garlic's immunostimulation role. Additionally, shedding of oocyst considerably diminished in garlic-innoculated birds. At 35 days, 4 mL/L group showed 3.6 ± 0.2 log₁₀ oocysts/g feces.oocyst count, whereas 4.9 ± 0.3 log₁₀ were counted in 4 mL/L control, affirming a dose-related anti-coccidial action. These data indicate garlic extract from 2 to 4 mL/L can improve growth, immunity, and disease resistance of Japanese quail without any negative impact effects.
Effect of Morinda citrifolia L., citric acid, and Lactobacillus acidophilus on broiler growth performance, carcass traits, and litter quality Mahfudz, L. D.; Ma'rifah, B.; Suprijatna, E.; Sunarti, D.; Kismiati, S.; Sarjana, T. A.; Muryani, R.; Shihah, H. D.; Wahyuni, N. M.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.4.269-280

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of a feed additive combination, Morinda citrifolia leaf extract, citric acid, and Lactobacillus acidophilus (MCL) on broiler chicken performance, carcass traits, and litter quality. MCL contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, citric acid, and probiotic. A total of 200 broiler chickens (8 days old with average body weight 213.88 ± 8.9 g) were randomly assigned to four treatments with five replications of bird each: T0 (control), T1 (1% MCL), T2 (2% MCL), and T3 (3% MCL). Results showed that T2 significantly improved (P<0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and income over feed cost (IOFC). Water consumption and carcass weight were also higher (P<0.05) in T2. Final body weight was significantly higher (P<0.05) in all MCL treatments compared to T0. Feed conversion ratio improved (P<0.05) in T2 and T3. MCL supplementation enhanced carcass traits and litter quality. Cooking loss was lower (P<0.05) in T2, while drip loss and litter pH were reduced (P<0.05) in all MCL treatments. White striping was higher (P<0.05) in T1, and litter temperature was lower (P<0.05) in T2 and T3. These finding suggest that MCL is a promising natural alternative to synthetic growth promotors, improving productivity and probitability in broiler production.
Immunohistochemical analysis of HSP-70 and IL-6 expression in rooster testes treated with Cucurbita moschata seed extract under heat stress condition Rochmi, S. E.; Sofyan, M. S.; Achmad, A. B.; Pertiwi, H.; Residiwati, G.; Ihsan, I. S.; Tuska, H. S. A.; Supriyadi, S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.4.304-311

Abstract

Heat stress is a major environmental factor that disrupts reproductive function in poultry, primarily by triggering oxidative stress and inflammation in testicular tissue. This study evaluated the influence of Cucurbita moschata(pumpkin seed) extract in mitigating the adverse effect of heat stress in roosters testes by regulating key markers, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).Twenty-five adult roosters, aged one year, were divided into five groups: a non-stressed control group, a heat-stressed group without treatment, and three heat-stressed groups treated orally with 1600, 3200, or 6400 mg/kg body weight of the extract for 21 consecutive days. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that heat stress led to marked increases in HSP-70 and IL-6 expression in the testes, reflecting cellular stress and inflammatory responses. Notably, administration of Cucurbita moschataextract attenuated these responses in a dose-dependent manner, with the 3200 and 6400 mg/kg doses showing the most significant reduction in protein expression. These findings highlight the potential role of Cucurbita moschataas a natural therapeutic agent to protect male reproductive function under heat stress conditions through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Factors of competitiveness and strategies to improve exports of chicken products in Indonesia Wibowo, A. H.; Muzayyanah, M. A. U.; Guntoro, B.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.4.312-323

Abstract

The livestock subsector contributes around sixty percent of the gross domestic product (GDP) of the agricultural sector, and poultry products approximately 80.77% of total national livestock production. Although Indonesia's poultry industry shows great potential, exports of Indonesian broiler products still face various obstacles, for instance geographical distance between countries, exchange rates, Covid-19 pandemic and implementation of Free Trade Agreements (FTA). This study aimed to analyze the determinant factors of the export competitiveness of Indonesian chicken products in the international market with a descriptive quantitative method using Likert-scale questions . This study involved the entire population of 45 individuals, consisting of poultry companies engaged in export activities and relevant government institutions. The Gravity Model approach was employed to examine economic and geographical factors, while the Porter Diamond framework was used to assess the determinants of the industry’s competitive advantage. The results showed that geographical distance (-0.09), exporter GDP (0.27), and importer GDP (0.04) affected to export performance. The most influential factors on Indonesia’s chicken products export competitiveness were firm strategy, structure, and rivalry—particularly product adaptation to target markets (4.61)—and government support through export procedure simplification (4.59). Furthermore, related and supporting industries were found to have a strong correlation with competitiveness. The strengths, weaknesses, opportuni-ties, and threats (SWOT)  analysis resulted diversification strategies in both products and markets, as well as the integration of digital technology in production and distribution become strategic steps to enhance export competitiveness.
Dietary clove (Syzygium aromaticum) powder enhanced broiler chicken performance, gut histomorphometry and health-associated whilst decreasing pathogenic microbiota Ogwuegbu, M. C.; Uzochukwu, I. E.; Edeh, H. O.; Ukah, E. G.; Obey, C. O.; Okpanachi, U.; Mthiyane, D. M. N.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.4.324-337

Abstract

This study evaluated the impact of dietary clove powder on growth performance, carcass traits, nutrient digestibility, jejunal histomorphometry and ileal microbiota in broiler chickens. A total of 250 Chikun day-old broiler chicks were allocated to 5 dietary groups with 5 replicates of 10 birds each for 6 weeks in a completely randomized design. The groups were fed diets containing clove powder at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2 g/kg diet. Results showed that dietary clove supplementation improved final body weight and feed conversion ratio (P < 0.001) while reducing total feed intake. Also, it increased weights of live chickens at slaughter, breast meat, shank and drumstick/thigh ratio (P < 0.001). Further, it linearly increased apparent digestibility of DM, CP, and EE (P < 0.01) as it quadratically decreased CF (P < 0.01). Furthermore, it linearly increased jejunal villus length, crypt depth and thickness of muscularis (P < 0.001) whilst it quadratically decreased thickness of the epithelium (P < 0.01). Moreo-ver, it increased ileal Lactobacilli whilst decreasing Salmonella and E. coli (P < 0.05) bacterial species. In conclusion, dietary clove powder improved growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility, gut histomorphometry and Lactobacilli while it decreased Salmonella and E. coli bacteria.
Front-matter (Desember 2025) Wibowo, Rahmat
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.4.%p

Abstract

Front-matter (Desember 2025)
Back-matter (Desember2025) Wibowo, Rahmat
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.4.%p

Abstract

Back-matter (Desember 2025)

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