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Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 20878273     EISSN : 24606278     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture (JITAA) is a double blind peer-reviewed publication devoted to disseminate all information contributing to the understanding and development of animal agriculture in the tropics by publication of original research papers
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 676 Documents
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The seasonal effect on the performance of pigs reared in a backyard pig farm in Thailand: retrospective study M. Lothong; K. Anurud; S. Semsirmboon; S. Poonyachoti; S. Thammachareon
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 47, No 4 (2022): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.4.328-339

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the seasonal effect on the performance of pigs reared in open-barn housing in Thailand. This retrospective study was performed using two years of recorded pig perfor-mance, including average birth weight, litter size, percentage of born alive and dead piglets, weaning weight, average daily gain (ADG), percentage of weaned alive and dead piglets and meteorological data. Data were grouped based on 3 different seasons: winter, summer and the rainy season, and the differences were compared. The highest temperature–humidity index (THI) was found during summer (85.3 ± 0.2) and the THI of the rainy season was higher than that in winter (between 82.3 ± 0.2 and 77.2 ± 0.4) (p < 0.05). The piglet growth performance was affected by season (p < 0.05). The weaning weight of piglets in the rainy season was higher than that in winter but not different from that in sum-mer. The highest ADG was observed in the rainy season. In summary, growth performance of suckling pigs reared in open-barn housing in Thailand was affected by the season. The optimal climate promot-ing growth of nursery pigs was determined to be the rainy season.
Supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid in feed with different levels of protein on intestinal histomorphology, serum biochemistry, and meat quality of broiler D. Rahmawati; C. Hanim
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 47, No 4 (2022): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.4.265-276

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) with different protein levels in feed on intestinal histomorphology, serum biochemistry, and meat quality of broiler chicken. GAA is the only direct precursor of creatine and is involved in the synthesis of bioenergy cellular. This research used 1.176 day-old chicks of the Lohmann Indian River strain that were reared for 35 days. The supplementation effect was investigated using six treatments, i.e., two levels of feed protein and three levels of GAA, with seven replications. Broiler chickens were fed with 23% and 21% crude pro-tein during the pre-starter phase, 21% and 19% during the starter phase, and 19% and 17% during the finisher phase, with a GAA addition of 0 g/ton, 600 g/ton, and 1200 g/ton, respectively. The result showed GAA supplementation with different protein levels reduced triglyceride (P<0,05), cholesterol levels in serum (P<0,05), increased surface area of the microvilli (P<0,05), pH of breast meat (P<0,05), but did not affect the chemical quality of breast meat (P>0,05). In conclusion, GAA supplementation in different level protein diets increased the surface area of the microvilli, pH of breast meat, reduce se-rum cholesterol and triglycerides, without affecting the chemical quality of broiler meat.
Comparative analysis of technical efficiency of piglet farming in three production center provinces in Indonesia H. Harianto; E. N. Keraru
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 47, No 3 (2022): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.3.192-203

Abstract

Pork production occupies the third position in Indonesia, after chicken and beef. Even pigs occupy the top rank in contributing to Indonesia's live animal exports. The purpose of this study was to com-pare the level of technical efficiency of smallholder piglet production farming in three centers of pig production areas, namely North Sumatra, Bali, and East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). The research data was sourced from secondary data at the farm level, collected by the Central Statistics Agency of Indonesia, through the Livestock Business Household Survey. This research utilized the stochastic production frontier model to assess the production efficiency and the one-step maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method to measure the level of technical efficiency and the significance of the factors. The re-sults show that the average level of technical efficiency of piglet production farms in Indonesia is rela-tively low. Piglet production farms in Bali have the highest efficiency level and NTT is the lowest of the three provinces being compared. The number of pigs, feed expenditure, capital, and vaccinations are important factors in influencing production and the level of technical efficiency. Public policies that can increase farmers' access to production factors and better pig farm vaccine management become a necessity.
Evaluation of dried Khat (Catha Edulis) leaf as natural additives on egg quality, embryonic mortality, and chick quality of white leghorn layers A. G. Asfaw; M. G. Abebe; E. K. Senbeta
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 47, No 3 (2022): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.3.168-176

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementation of Khat leave as a natural feed additive on egg quality, fertility, embryonic mortality, hatchability, and chick quality of White Leghorn (WL) layers. One hundred fifty-six hens and twenty-four cocks of WL at twenty-four weeks of age were randomly dis-tributed to four treatments, each replicated three times with thirteen layers and two cocks per replication and kept on a deep litter system. Treatment rations were formulated by the addition of Khat leave on layers ration with the proportion of 0% (T1), 0.2% (T2), 0.4% (T3), and 0.6% (T4). All data were subjected to analysis of variance. The egg weight of layers in T3 (54.1) was higher (P<0.05) than that of layers in T4 (51.5) and T1 (51.8). Roche color reading was significantly higher for T4 (4.7±0.19) than T3 (3.4±0.19), T2 (2.2±0.19), and T1 (1.7±0.19). There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) among treatments in yolk height, yolk index, yolk diameter, albumen height, Haugh unit, fertility, hatchability, chick weight, and visual score. Embryonic mortality percentage was significantly (P<0.05) higher for T1 than for other treatments. Chick length was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2, T4, and T3 than in T1. Finally, this study can be concluded that the use of dried Khat leaves as an additive up to 0.6% in ration of White Leghorn layers increased eggshell weight and yolk coulor and reduced embryonic mortality.
Seasonal effect on semen quality of Limousine and Simmental bulls F. R. Hapsari; D. Samsudewa; E. T. Setiatin; Y. S. Ondho; A. Setiaji; T. Harsi; I. Z. Irfan; O. Syamsono; E. Sukmawati
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 47, No 4 (2022): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.4.340-345

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of breed and season on the semen quality of AI bulls. The material used was n= 78,648 records of ejaculated semen from 85 Limousine and 88 Simmental bulls collected between period 2010 and 2020. Semen qualities evaluated in the study were: ejaculate vol-ume (Vol), pH, individual sperm motility (ISM), sperm concentration (SC), and post-thawing motility (PTM). The data was analyzed by using a MIXED model with breeds and seasons as fixed effects and animals as random effects. The seasons were significant (p<0,05) on Vol, ISM, SC, and PTM, then the interaction between season and breed was affected on Vol, SC, and PTM. Simmental bulls generally showed better semen qualities than Limousine bulls. Further, the same result showed significant differ-ences in each season. The Vol, ISM, SC, and PTM of Simmental were 6.48 ± 1.26, 64.22 ± 1.16, 1,108 ± 0.46, and 42.19 ± 0.38, respectively. The increase of Vol and SC in the humid season has not propor-tionally affected ISM.
The effects of native chicken strains and feed addives on immunity, kidney functions, and blood protein I. Ismoyowati; A. Darmanto; E. Tugiyanti; F. M. Suhartati; W. Suryapratama; A. Sodiq; D. M. Saleh; M. Y. Sumaryadi
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 47, No 4 (2022): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.4.277-289

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the interactions between chicken strains and supplementation of feed additives, and the efficacy of the interactions for improving immunity, kidney function, and blood protein of native chicken. Research materials were 480 chickens of different strains including kampung chicken, KUB chicken (Balitbangtan superior native), and Kedu chicken. Basal feed offered to the chickens contained 3,118.95 kcal/kg energy and 19.2% crude protein. The research was conducted in a factorial completely randomized design, utilizing 12 treatments and four replicates. The data were sub-jected to analysis of variance, followed by the Honestly Significant Difference Test (HSD). The analy-sis of variance showed that the interactions between chicken strains and 1% supplementation of feed additives were not significantly different (P>0.05) across all parameters, but chicken strain significant-ly affected (P<0.05) antibody titers against AI and ND, as well as lymphocyte infiltration in the lamina propia ileum. KUB chickens had a higher level of immunity than that Kedu chickens. Supplementation of 1% feed additives tends to improve the level of immunity as reflected by the increased titers against AI and ND after vaccination, as well as the undisturbed kidney functions. Conclusively, the interac-tions between chicken strains and the supplementation of 1% feed additives into basal feed produced relatively similar results. Meanwhile, KUB chickens showed better immunity than kampung chickens and Kedu chickens. Supplementing feed additives (garlic and kalimun) showed relatively effective re-sults in improving antibody titers against AI and ND, so it is necessary to increase the supplementation dosage to enhance significant immunity.
Maturation rate of sheep oocytes cultured in suboptimal environment using CO2 exhaled by human and glutathione addition S. Prastowo; R. Widyastuti
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 47, No 3 (2022): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.3.235-243

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the effect of the use of CO2 exhaled by human (CEbH) in in vitro maturation (IVM) with the addition of Glutathione also known as GSH on the oocytes maturation rate. It is known that CO2 derived from human respiration can be used as alternative support for IVM of oo-cytes. However, this method is categorized as using a suboptimal culture environment, and it results in increased production of reactive oxidative species (ROS). Thus, the addition of the antioxidant GSH is needed. In total, 273 oocytes were cultured in three groups: 5% CO2 (control) and CEbH with 0 mM and 1 mM of GSH addition, respectively. The results showed that the control group produced a better maturation rate (p < 0.05) compared to the remaining two groups (65.92% vs. 24.44% and 30.61%), which used CEbH. Statistically, 0 mM GSH vs. 1 mM GSH did not show any significant differences (p > 0.05). However, 1 mM GSH led to more mature oocytes (24.44% vs 30.61%) compared to the group without GSH. In conclusion, IVM using CEbH supports oocyte maturation, and the addition of GSH can improve the maturation rate in a suboptimal culture environment.
Carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens reared on herb residues K. Lokaewmanee; R. Sirival
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 47, No 3 (2022): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.3.204-214

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effects of herb residues on carcass and meat quality in broilers. A total of 160 chicks were divided into four groups, each with four replicates of 10 chicks; the chicks were provided ad libitum access to a control diet or the same diet supplemented with Zingiber cassumunar, Kaempferia galangal, or Curcuma aromatica residues at 0.3% feed. At 42 days of age, 20 chicks from each group were slaughtered, and the carcass and meat quality were determined. All exper-imental groups demonstrated lower abdominal fat weight, and the K. galangal group had a significantly higher total visceral organ weight than that of the control group (P<0.05). The experimental groups demonstrated improved color of the breast muscle, breast fillet muscle, skin, and abdominal fat (P<0.05). The shear force value of the breast muscle increased in the K. galangal group, whereas that of the thigh muscle increased in all experimental groups (P< 0.05). The highest overall acceptability of raw and cooked chicken breast meat was produced by 0.3% C. aromatica residue supplementation (P<0.05). These finding suggest that the inclusion of 0.3% C. aromatica residue in the diets resulted in improved overall acceptability of breast meat without negatively affecting dressing percentage.
Effect of feeding level on growth rate, carcass characteristics and meat quality of thin tailed lambs N. Luthfi; R. Adiwinarti; A. Purnomoadi; E. Rianto
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 47, No 4 (2022): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.4.290-300

Abstract

A study was conducted to investigate the growth rate and carcass characteristics of lambs under different feeding levels. Twenty one lambs (3 months old) were allocated into 3 treatments of feeding levels, namely 4% of body weight (BW) (T1), 5.5% of BW (T2) and provided ad libitum (T3). The diet contained 13.74% of CP and 61.79% of TDN. The lambs were raised to reach 25 kg BW, before being slaughtered. The parameters observed were dry matter intake (DMI), dry matter digestibility (DMD), body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass production, meat-bone ratio (MBR), fat distribution, chemical composition of meat and fatty acids profile. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance and continued by Duncan's multi-range test if there was any significant difference among the treatments. The results showed that the average of DMD was 59.71% (P>0.05). The lambs fed T3 had the highest BWG (203 g/day), the lowest FCR (6.8) and the shortest rearing time (67 days) (P<0.01). The average of carcass percentage was 46.36% and meat production was 6,931 g (P>0.05). The lambs of T3 had the heaviest carcass fat (2,698 g), the lightest carcass bone (1,985 g), the highest MBR (3.6), and the highest PUFA to SFA ratio (0.55). It can be concluded that the higher the feeding level resulted in the higher growth rate, the lower feed conversion ratio, higher meat-bone ratio and higher carcass fat production, lower feed conversion ratio and the shorter rearing time; but did not af-fect the meat quality.
Front-matter (September 2022)
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 47, No 3 (2022): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.3.%p

Abstract

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