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INDONESIA
Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan
Published by Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Engineering Environmental Science
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan adalah media online dari makalah yang telah diseminarkan pada acara Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia “Kejuangan” (SNTKK). SNTKK merupakan agenda tahunan yang diselenggarakan oleh Program Studi Teknik Kimia FTI UPN ”Veteran” Yogyakarta. Seminar ini merupakan sarana komunikasi bagi para peneliti dari perguruan tinggi, institusi pendidikan, serta lembaga penelitian maupun industri, dalam mengembangkan teknologi kimia untuk pengolahan sumber daya alam Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 522 Documents
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Pengolahan Air Limbah Tempe dengan Metode Sequencing Batch Reactor Skala Laboratorium dan Industri Kecil Tempe Winda Winda
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Tempe industries have been known, and implemented at industries scale but those tempe industries are not yet fully completed with waste water treatment plant. The purpose of this research is to study sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and determination of flow rate, stirring speed, and concentration of inoculum to give the biological of oxygen demand (BOD) of the processed wastewater according to the SNI. The benefits of this research is to introduce SBR as an alternative for industrial tempe. The method consists of charging, chemical reactions, precipitation, disposal, and stabilization followed by flow rate, inoculum concentration and agitation speed. In the preliminary experiment, the flow rate for the wastewater treatment was investigated (3 L/h, 4.2 L/h, and 5 L/h) to the BOD. The main experiments were conducted to observe the effect of mixing (variation of 50 rpm, 100 rpm, and 150 rpm) and the effect of inoculum (variation of 5%, 10%, and 15%) to the BOD. Chemical analyses was done in term such as BOD and pH which followed by analyses TSS, TDS, COD. Results obtained in this research are interaction between stirring speed and concentration of inoculums can influence the yield of treatment. After addition of 10% inoculums, stirring speed of 100 rpm, the BOD was decreased to 218,4 ppm and after the tertier treatment, BOD decreased to 93,6 ppm.
Time Estimation of Onion Leaf Drying Mohammad Djaeni
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

The main process of the onion post harvest treatment is drying proces. High moisture content of onion leaf and outer layer of onion must be reduced up to moisture content 12% or below (wet basis). This level keeps onion being still fresh. The conventional drying with direct sunlight still has been widely used because of the cheap process. However, this technique needs too long drying time as well as climate dependency. This research evaluated convective dryer for onion leaf drying. The mass transfer coefficient, and moisture diffusivity was estimated to predict effective drying time. Results show that the drying time was shorter as the temperature and air velocity increased. For example, at 60oC and air velocity 0.5 m.s-1, the drying time was about 19 hours. The drying time can be can be 5hours shorter at higher air velocity. In addition,with increase of air velocity, the drying time can be also speeded up, significantly. Here, the air temperature must be kept at maximally 60oC in order to avoid onion degradation. Therefore, the increase of air velocity is a good option to shorten drying time and retain the quality.
Determination of The Biodiesel Production Process from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate and Methanol Supranto Supranto
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

In the 21st century, Indonesia was predicted will become one of the petroleum net-importer countries. Alternative of energy resources, including biodiesel would have to be developed as energy sources for transportation and electric generation. Oil Palm and its chemicals derivatives have been identified as the most potential raw material for biodiesel production. A study of the biodiesel production process from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) and methanol have been done. Laboratory experimental work has been carried out. The chemical process condition of the biodiesel production from PFAD and methanol has been experimentally identified. The chemical process condition of 65 oC, 90 minute processing and sulfuric acid catalyst amount of 1.2 % can be used as the chemical process condition for the design of biodiesel production process.
Pembuatan Biodegradable Film dari Pati Biji Nangka (Artocarpus hetrophyllus) dengan Penambahan Kitosan Betty Ika Hidayah
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Biodegradable film is thin layers made of natural and renewable materials which can be easily decomposed by microorganisms. Starch is one of polysaccharide that can be used as a film. Jackfruit seeds have a starch content of 70.26%. Film of starch has low barrier properties against water, so it need addition of hydrophobic substances such as chitosan. This studyaims to determine the effect of jackfruit seeds starch with or without of chitosan mixture on the characteristics of biodegradable film. Films were produced using jackfruit seed starch with the composition variation is 2 g, 3g, 4g in 50 ml aqueous and chitosan withthe composition variation is 0,5g, 1 g, 1,5g in 50 ml of 1% acetic acid solution. Then in an oven at 50 ° C for 24 hours. These results indicate that the making of the film without chitosan does not affect the thickness, water content, melting point, and solubility significantly. But, affect the degradation of the film with EM4, amounting to 43.33% at 4 g starch and degraded in the soil for 2 weeks. Meanwhile, mixing of chitosan significantly affect the thickness, water content, melting point, solubility and degradation by microorganisms. This is shown with the smallest percentage of jackfruit seeds starch in the composition of 2 g, 3 g and 4 g, is 26.22%, 30.33% and 15.89%, and can be degraded after 3 weeks in the soil.
Pemanfaatan Janggel Jagung dan Batok Kelapa Menjadi Gas Mempan Bakar untuk Mensubtitusi Elpiji Melalui Proses Gasifikasi Suhartono Suhartono
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

The biomass gasification is a technology which converts any kind of biomass energy which low heat value (such as waste from agriculute and forest and organic waste) into combustible gas. Biomass is combusted im-perpectly by way of controlling the flow of air into gasifier to convert solid state into gas state, generating a combustable gas which mainly consists of H2, CO, CH4 and CnHm. A small gasifier design system with 35 cm in inside diameter and 70 cm of combustion zone was used to gasified agriculture waste of corncorb and coconut shell. About 10 kg of ±3cm corncob and coconut shell was gasified in this gasifier. The operation time of each biomass utilization was about 1.5 hour and 2.2 hour, respectivly. The combustable gas was used as a fuel by direct combustion in an ordinary modified gas stove. The water boiling time method (WTB) was used to determined thermal efficiency of this gasifier. About 2,0 minute was needed to boiled of 5 kg of water and giving thermal efficiency ±23.50% with a fire power of 14-18 kWth. The consumption of biomass and electricity cost was calculated. The price IDR 20,00-25,00 was needed for boiling 1 kg of water.
Pengaruh Penambahan MgO dan SiO2 Serta Suhu Sintering Terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Komposit Keramik α–Alumina Jarot Raharjo
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

High mechanical properties of Alumina ceramic composites for armor materials have been developed using the additives SiO2and MgO. The percentage of additive MgO were 0,8 wt.%; 1 wt.%; 1,2 wt.% and the percentage of SiO2 was 1 wt.% in each composition of MgO. Various temperature sintering used in this research were 1500, 1550, and 1600oC. The powders were prepared by using wet milling method and ethanol used as a solution in a plenetary ball mill. The green body was pressed at 12 metric ton of pressure. The shrinkage, density, porosity, hardness and fracture toughnes of the sintered pellets were measured, and the microstructure of fractures pellets was observed by SEM. This research found that the optimum parameter obtained by adding SiO2 and MgO at sintering temperature 1600oC.
Pengaruh Temperatur dan Tebal Lapisan Susu Kedelai pada Tray dalam Pengeringan Busa terhadap Kualitas Susu Kedelai Bubuk Anita Dwi Pratiwi
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

The making of soy milk powder with foam drying methods is one of the product innovation effort which it can produce commercially by small industry and also home industry in Indonesia. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of drying temperature and soy milk foam thickness on the tray against the soy milk powder making process using the tray dryers. In this research, added coconut oil, dextrin and tween 80 are added to the soy milk for optimalized that drying process. Tween 80 ((Polyethylene Sorbitan Monoelat ) and dextrin interacted each other, tween 80 act as foam maker, while dextrin act as foam stabilizer during drying process. Coconut oil as heat conductor so that can increasing drying rate. The benefit of this research is to develop the industrial milk powder in small and medium industries. The method used is a variations in temperature drying is done at a temperature of 50°C, 60°C, 65°C, and 70°C with a thickness of soy milk made at 1mm, 2mm, and 3mm. Pressure drying operation remains at 690 mmHg. The results showed that the higher the temperature of drying the moisture content decreases while the thicker layer of soy milk then the water content will be greater. Soy milk powder that has met the SNI moisture content of 4.61%, 23.37% protein content and fat content of 22.94% contained at a temperature of 50 ° C with a 1 mm thick.
Pembuatan Surfaktan Di Alkil Karbohidrat dari Alga Mahreni M
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Surfactant (surface active agent) has capability todecrease surface tension, interfacial tension and increase emulsion stability. Most of surfactant used in industry is produced from petroleum based. As petroleumis limited resources, the development of surfactant using renewable resources is more needed. Macro algae containrich of polysaccharides such as agarose, carrageenans, and alginates. Some research has been done to study the production of new bio surfactant through the reaction of these polysaccharides with alcohol and lipid acid to promote high hydrophobic and hydrophilic site. Thispaper compared the production and the characterization of new biosurfactant, di-alkyl carbohydrate, from various macro algae such as brown algae (Sargasum sp), red algae (Euchema cottonii),and green algae. The main process was the extraction of polysaccharides at temperature of 80˚C, followed by esterification. Result indicated that all surfactant produced could create oil inwater emulsion system. Interfacial Tension tests were found in therange of 0,8 to 3,96 dyne/cm with surfactant concentration 1-2,5% respectively. Fourier Transfer Infrared analysis has indicated that the product contain ester bond which lead to surfactant formation.
Pemodelan Perpindahan Massa Adsorpsi Zat Warna pada Adsorben Berbasis Jatropha Curcas L. dengan Homogeneous dan Heterogeneous Surface Diffusion Model Aditya Putranto
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

The major objective of this experiment is to assess applicability of surface diffusion model to model the adsorption of methylene blue into Jatropha Curcas L. based adsorbents. Homogeneous Surface Diffusion Model (single pore consideration) and Heterogeneous Surface Diffusion Model (multi pore consideration) will be used in this modelling experiments. The modelling data were estimated and validated based on the published experimental results. Subsequently, simulation will be conducted by establishing three dimensional profile of solid phase concentration vs. radius and adsorption time. This simulation was held to discover and observe the adsorbent performance. The other objectives in this modelling experiment are to verify the model’s accuracy against the mass transfer phenomena of the following adsorption process.Based on the modelling experiment, Homogenous Surface Diffusion Model doesn’t fit to show mass transfer characteristic for adsorption based on Jatropha Curcas L. press-cake residue. However, Heterogeneous Surface Diffusion Model is perfectly appropriate to show the mass transfer characteristic. Hence, the validation and simulation will be done only to the appropriate model. Based on mathematics model, effective diffusivity coefficient () and the rate diffusivity coefficient () are either affected by initial solution’s concentration of methylene blue or the type of adsorbent.
Modeling and Simulation of Methylene Blue Batch Adsorption Using Jatropha Curcas L. Residue-Based Activated Carbon by Shrinking Core Model Yansen Hartanto
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Physic nut residue is one of bio-wastes which contains enough carbon can be processed further into other products with higher usage and economical value. One of the products is activated carbon which used commonly in chemical industry. Information regarding the kinetics describing mechanism and characteristic of adsorption using physic nut residue-based activated carbon can be obtained through modeling. Model used in this research are Pore-Surface Diffusion Model (PSDM) and Film-Pore Diffusion Model (FPDM) derived based on shrinking core model. This research begins with estimating the value of kf, Ds, and Dp parameters which later will be validated and simulated using various correlations and the model. Variations are done towards three variables: initial aqueous phase concentration (C0), pH value, and adsorbent types. The result shows PSDM is more accurate in representing the mass transfer characteristics of methylene blue adsorption using activated carbon synthesized from physic nut residue because the model prediction fit the experimental data better than the FPDM. The value of Ds ranged from 3, 99E-14 to 7, 66 E-14 while the value of Dp ranged from 9, 98E-13 to 2, 82E-12 . It is also found that value of Ds and Dp are affected by variables mentioned before.

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