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INDONESIA
Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan
Published by Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Engineering Environmental Science
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan adalah media online dari makalah yang telah diseminarkan pada acara Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia “Kejuangan” (SNTKK). SNTKK merupakan agenda tahunan yang diselenggarakan oleh Program Studi Teknik Kimia FTI UPN ”Veteran” Yogyakarta. Seminar ini merupakan sarana komunikasi bagi para peneliti dari perguruan tinggi, institusi pendidikan, serta lembaga penelitian maupun industri, dalam mengembangkan teknologi kimia untuk pengolahan sumber daya alam Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 522 Documents
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Perkembangan Proses Produksi Biodiesel Sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Luqman Buchori
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Biodiesel has become more attractive recently because of its environmental benefits and the fact that it is made from renewable resources. Biodiesel can replace diesel oil without requiring modifications to the engine and advantageously produces cleaner emissions. Productions of biodiesel by various process methods, i.e. homogeneous, heterogeneous, and enzyme catalysts, have advantages and disadvantages. Advanced methods, such as supercritical, microwave, and ultrasonic, still leave the problem despite the high yield of biodiesel produced. Utilizing of fixed bed catalytic reactor in a continuous process can produce biodiesel with a yield of higher than 90%. The newly developed plasma technology can produce biodiesel in a very short time (120 s) with mild operating conditions. This paper reviews briefly the literatures on transesterification reaction using homogeneous, heterogeneous, and enzyme catalysts as well as advanced methods (supercritical, microwave, ultrasonic, and plasma technology).
Pembuatan Edible Film dari Karagenan Rumput Laut Eucheuma cottonii untuk Mengawetkan Buah Nanas Harsa Pawigya
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Edible film is a thin layer that is made from an edible material and usually used as food coating or in between food components to prevent migration of water vapor, oxygen, carbon dioxide, aroma, and food lipid (such as anti-oxidant, anti-microbes, flavor,etc) and or fix the integrity mechanism and food characteristic. This article will explain about: (1) The optimum time for seaweed extraction; (2) The optimum amount of CMC addition at the process of making edible film. There are five kinds of different time used for the seaweed extraction, 0,25 hour; 0,5 hour; 1 hour; 1,5 hour; 2 hour. And five different CMC concentration (0,5%, 0,75%, 1%, 1,25%, 1,5%). The optimum time for the extraction is 0,5 hour with 22,2570 grams of carrageenan produced. The carrageenan produced willbe turned into edible film with a variation of CMC concentration. The edible film will be tested with weighted shrink test, color change, tensile strength test, and extension. It is found as a result of the research that the edible film which made from a carrageenan for 0,5 hour and 1,5% of CMC concentration has the best capability to preserve a pineapple. The edible film that could preserve a pineapple the longest has 19,61N tensile strength and 3,34 mm extension. The higher concentration of CMC used, the tensile strength will be less, longer it could extend.
Pemanfaatan Umbi Gadung Beracun (Dioscorea hispida) sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Bioetanol untuk Bahan Bakar Kompor Rumah Tangga: Perancangan Distilasi Satu Tahap Hargono Hargono
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Gadung (Dioscorea hispida) containing toxins can be utilized as a liquid fuel for household stoves or technical grade bioethanol. The technical grade bioethanol can be manufactured by using distillation tools. In this research, bioethanol was made from gadung starch). From the hydrolysis process, 7.85-10.48% glucose was produce and the fermentation process, 5-8.5 % crude ethanol. Furthermore, 1-stage distillation tools were designed to purify the crude ethanol product. Bioethanol produced from distillation tools 80%, corresponding to the technical specifications desired. Design of 1-stage distillation tools has completed, include the shape and dimensions of the tools, i.e. the main condenser, cylinder-shaped, dimensions of diameter is 32cm and height is 45cm, cylinder-shaped feeder tank/boiler, small scale volume of 5L. At distillation column, the diameter is 9cm and length is 121cm. Column is filled with ceramic or glass type packing inside. Column equipped with thermometer to measure the temperature of ethanol-water vapor
Pengaruh Tingkat Kemurnian Bahan Baku Alumina Terhadap Temperatur Sintering dan Karakteristik Keramik Alumina Jarot Raharjo
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

The influences of the purity of alumina to the sintered properties of alumina have been successfully investigated. Two types of alumina i.e., α-alumina PA (99% alumina) and technical alumina were used in this research. Various temperature sintering used in this research were 1250, 1350, 1450, 1550, and 1600oC. The powders were prepared by using wet milling method and ethanol used as a solution in a plenetary ball mill. The green body was pressed at 12 metric ton of pressure. The shrinkage, density, porosity, hardness and fracture toughnes of the sintered pellets were measured, and the microstructure of fractures pellets was observed by SEM. From the characterization found that the temperature sintering affected to the densification and properties of alumina, and the other hand the purity of raw materialcan affected to the temperature sintering of alumina ceramics. The optimum properties of α-alumina PA ceramics at 1600oC resulted the density 3.489 gr/cm3, the hardness 1668 VHN, and the fracture toughness 5.774 MPa m 1/2. However for the alumina technique ceramics resulted density level 3.082 gr/cm 3, the hardness 999 VHN and fracture toughness 1.545 MPa m1/2
Pembuatan Biskuit dari Campuran Beras, Jagung, Tepung Tempe dan Implikasinya Terhadap Prediksi Kadaluwarsa Stella Letizia
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Mixed Foodstuff (BMC) with basic materials such as rice flour,corn flour, and tempeh flour contains high protein content. It may contribute to solving the problem of lack of calories of protein in Indonesia. The objective of this research is to study the effect of storage temperature of -20°C, 5°C, 26-27°C, and 35°C with the packaging of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) to the expire date of BMC products. The benefit of this research is to contribute the determination of expire date to the food industries. The method used in this research consists of two stages, namely; the first stage was the preparation of raw material and the preparation of biscuit, and the second stages was the determination of expire date of BMC products based on integration and differential methods, respectively in order to determine the reaction order value and the reaction rate constant value. The result of the research shows that to produce BMC biscuit product that fulfills the Indonesian Standard of Quality (SNI), Polypropylene is better to use to package food productin the storage temperature of 26-27°C in which the expiry date that is obtained from the integration method is 176 days, and from the differential method is 267 days. Meanwhile, Polyethylene is better to use to package food product in the storage temperature of (-20)°C in which the expiry date that is obtained from the integration method is 831 days, and from the differential method is 483 days. The value of activation energy obtained in Polypropylene is 3078.69 cal/mol and in Polyethylene is 504.88 cal/mol. It concludes that Polyethylene has fast reaction rate of deterioration and short length of expiry date. In the storage temperature above 10°C, the integration method is better to use to determine the length of the expiry date because it result a shorter expiry date than the one resulted by the differential method. So it gives consumers a better safety.
Sintesis Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Salak dengan Aktivasi K2CO3 sebagai Adsorben Larutan Zat Warna Metilen Biru Arenst Andreas
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

The preparation of activated carbon from salacca peels was studied by chemical activation with potassium carbonate (K2CO3). Salacca peels were firstly impregnated at a fixed salacca peel to potassium carbonate ratio of 1:2 and fixed potassium carbonate concentration of 10 %-w. The impregnated salacca peel were then carbonized in an electrical furnace at temperature of 800 °C. Macroporous activated carbons with a high surface area of 888.9 m2/g were obtained. The activated carbon was tested in the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous phase. The adsorption study was realized using batch experiments with synthetic MB solution with various initial concentration of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 ppm. The Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Dubunin-Radushkevich adsorption models were used for mathematical description of the adsorption equilibrium, and it was found that the experimental data fitted very well to the Langmuir isotherm. Batch adsorption studies, based on the assumption of a pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order or intraparticle diffusion mechanism, showed that the kinetic data followed closely a pseudosecond- order rather than a pseudo-first-order mechanism. The adsorption capacity of salacca peel based activated carbons for the removal of MB was found to be 405 mg· g-1. These results clearly indicated the salacca peel derived activated carbons as a potential adsorbent for removal of MB from aqueous solutions.
Pemodelan Pengeringan Polyvynil Alcohol dalam Larutan Organik dengan Reaction Engineering Approach (REA) Geraldy Suhendro
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Drying is water removal process involving mass and heat transfer simultaneously. The accurate drying model can be used to assist in process design and monitoring the quality of the product. The Reaction engineering approach (REA) have been proven for various drying chases involving water removal. In this study, the REA is develop to model removal of non-water solvent. The REA is implemented for convective and intermittent drying of polyvinyl alcohol from organic solvent which is a mixture of water and methanol. In order for REA modification, a minor modification of the equilibrium activation energy is introduced since there are two kinds of solvent in a mixture. Equilibrium activation energy was determined from the final product temperature and corresponding humidity of air. The results of the modeling match well with the experimental data. The REA can model the drying of the organic solvent accurately. The REA can be used for troubleshooting and optimization in organic solvent drying.
Penurunan Konsumsi Steam Di PG Modjo-Sragen dengan Konsep Heat- Process Integration Menggunakan Energy Utilization Diagram Arief Budiman
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Sugar factories can meet its own energy consumption, without using other fuels except bagasse, if consumption Steam on Cane (SOC) can reach 40-50% by weight of cane. Sugar factory can do cogeneration and generate electricity which can be sold to the grid if the consumption steam on cane reached a maximum of 40% by weight of sugar cane.This study aims to reduce the consumption of SOC in the process house using innovation of process configuration. EUD (Energy Utilization Diagram) is a thermodynamic analysis based on the concept exergy. EUD is used to evaluate the configuration process in order to obtain a better configuration of the existing configuration. The study obtained a configuration process with SOC <40%. Evaporation system used a quintuple effect. Vapor # 4 is used for energy donor heater # 1, Vapor # 3 used donor of energy to the heater # 2 and vacuum pan. Vapor # 1 is used for energy donor heater # 3. Exhaust steam pressure of 0.8-1 kg / cm2 is only used in the evaporator # 1.
Perlakuan Bahan Baku Rotan dengan Ekstrak Daun Mimba untuk Produk Furniture Suheryanto, Dwi
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Rattan (Calamus) have sap content (starch) are highly susceptible to insect powder as a food source. Neem leaf extract (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) contain bioactive elements that can be used as a preservative or natural pesticides. Improving the quality of raw rattan is the purpose of this study. Examples of such test manau rattan rod with a length of 20 cm and Ø ± 3-4 cm, then make the extract solution preservatives, chopped dried neem leaves boiled water in an initial temperature of 90ºC, then allowed to cool for 48 hours. Ratio of dried neem leaf extract with water extractors 1: 3; and 1: 4. Furthermore, the test sample is boiled in a solution of the extract with a variation of 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours, then observed retention and degree of damage on a regular basis every three months. The results showed that the use of neem leaf extract solution as a preservative in manau rattan significant effect on the retention and degree of damage. The higher the concentration of preservatives and treatment time, increased retention and decrease the degree of damage. Neem leaf extract with a ratio of 1: 3, the boiling time 3 hours, resulting in retention of 0.0544 g / cm3 and the degree of damage to the bottom at 0.317%.
Uji Laboratorium Proses Perengkahan Toluen dengan Katalis Reformasi Kukus Ni/a-Al2O3 Herri Susanto
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Tar formation was one of the major problems in the utilization of syngas produced from gasification of biomass and coal. Toluene was used as a model tar and N2 as carrier gas. Laboratory test was performed using a commercial steam reforming catalyst available in our laboratory. The amount of catalyst was 2,5 g and reaction temperature was varied at 500, 600, 700, and 800oC. The gas flow rate was 0,0077 Nm3/h with a toluene concentration of 51 g/Nm3. Our laboratory test revealed that toluene conversion up to 99,6% might be obtained at the reaction temperature of 8000C and molar steam/toluene ratio of 16. Decreases in toluene conversion were observed when reactions were carried out in a condition of stoichiometric steam to toluene ratio of 7. Kinetics parameters toluene steam reforming on catalyst Ni/a-Al2O3 were obtained experimently by laboratory were Ea of 11,6 kJ/mol and k0 of 272 m3/kgcat.hours. Using these kinetics parameters, toluene might be converted almost completely in a plug flow reactor with a resedence time of 0,35 s, under the following condition: steam to toluene ratio of 16 and temperature above 700oC.

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