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Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : 23375760     EISSN : 23385510     DOI : https://doi.org/10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Astronomy Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Mathematics Physics
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences welcomes full research articles in the area of Mathematics and Natural Sciences from the following subject areas: Astronomy, Chemistry, Earth Sciences (Geodesy, Geology, Geophysics, Oceanography, Meteorology), Life Sciences (Agriculture, Biochemistry, Biology, Health, Medical, Pharmacy), Mathematics, Physics, and Statistics.
Arjuna Subject : Matematika - Matematika (Lain-Lain)
Articles 689 Documents
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Oscillation of Second Order Nonlinear Differential Equations S.M. Nababan
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 29 No. 1/2 (1996)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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In this paper we consider the following second order nonlinear differential equations:u" + f(t,u) = 0, t≥0Oscillation criteria for the above equation will be established by modification of the method that has been used previously. The results obtained will contain and improve the previous results. Some conditions imposed in the theorem will be less weaker than used before. Tulisan ini membahas persamaan diferensial nonlinear orde dua yang berbentuk:u " + f ( t , u ) = 0 , t>0Kriteria oskilasi untuk persamaan di atas dikaji dengan memodifikasi metode yang pernah dilakukan untuk menentukan kriteria oskilasi untuk persamaan diferensial di atas. Hasil yang diperoleh memuat dan mengembangkan kriteria oskilasi sebelumnya. Beberapa asumsi dalam teorema lebih lemah dibandingkan dengan yang digunakan sebelumnya.
Ilmu Kimia Tumbuhan Lauraceae Indonesia : XI. Alkaloid Aporfin dan Oksoaporfin dari Litsea excelsa. Euis Holisotan Hakim; Sjamsul Arifin Achmad; Buchari Buchari; Sidharta Pramutadi
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 27 No. 3 (1994)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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The first chemical investigation on Litsea excelsa had been carried out in our laboratories. Three alkaloids had been isolated in this investigation, namely dicentrinone (I), nordicentrine (II), and norpredicentrine(III), and their identities were established through UV, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectral evidence. Based on the co-occurrence of these three alkaloids in the single plant, a biogenetic oxidative sequence of these compounds may be proposed. This work will be of value for chemotaxonomy of the genus Litsea in particular, the Lauraceae in general. Penyelidikan kimia telah dilakukan untuk pertama kalinya terhadap tumbuhan Litsea excels. Tiga alkaloid telah ditemukan pada penyelidikan ini, yakni disentrinon (I), nordisentrin (II), dan norpredisentrin (III). Identitas ketiga senyawa ini ditetapkan berdasarkan data spektroskopi UV, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, dan spectrum massa. Dengan ditemukannya ketiga alkaloid secara bersama-sama dalam satu spesies tumbuhan ini, maka tahap oksidasi biogenesis ketiga senyawa dapat disarankan. Hasil penelitian ini berguna untuk kemotaksonomi genus Litsea khususnya, famili Lauraceae umumnya. 
Ilmu Kimia Tumbuhan Lauraceae Indonesia: X. Alkaloid Benzilisokuinolin Dari Litsea cassiaefolia Euis Holisotan Hakim; Sjamsul Arifin Achmad; Buchari Buchari; Sidharta Pramutadi
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 27 No. 3 (1994)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Penyelidikan kimia telah dilakukan untuk pertama kalinya terhadap tumbuhan Litsea cassiaefolia. Pada penyelidikan ini, melalui kombinasi kromatografi partisi dan cara pemisahan yang lazim, tiga alkaloid telah ditemukan, yakni disentrin (I), dehidrodisentrin (II), dan disentrinon (III), masing-masing termasuk alkaloid benzilisokuinolin jenis aporfin, dehidroaporfin, dan oksoaporfin. Karakterisasi ketiga alkaloid tersebut dilakukan berdasarkan data spektroskopi UV, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, dan massa. Di antara ketiga senyawa tersebut, disentrin (I) merupakan alkaloid utama yang ditemukan dengan kadar yang cukup tinggi; oleh karena itu, sifat biologi senyawa ini diselidiki lebih lanjut. Ditemukannya ketiga alkaloid dalam tumbuhan ini sangat berguna sebagai dasar kajian kemotaksonomi. The first chemical study on Litsea cassiaefolia had been carried out in our laboratory. In this investigation, by combination of partition chromatography and common separation methods, three alkaloids had been isolated, namely dicentrine (I), dehydrodicentrine (II), and dicentrinone (III), which belong to benzylisoquinoline alkaloids of the types aporphine, dehydroaporphine, and oxoaporphine, respectively. The characterization of the alkaloids had been based upon the UV, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectroscopic evidence. Among these compounds, dicentrine (I) is the major alkaloid which may be isolated in relatively higher yield, thus, the biological property of this compound is being further investigated. Finding the alkaloids in this plant is beneficial as a basis for chemotaxonomy. 
Kontribusi Analisis Induktansi Sendiri dan Induktansi Bersama pada Sirkuit Listrik dan Mesin Listrik Arus Bolak Balik 3 Fasa Yanuarsyah Haroen
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 27 No. 2 (1994)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Uraian dalam beberapa buku acuan tentang medan magnet dalam sistem listrik satu fasa tidak secara eksplisit menjelaskan fluksi bocor sehingga dapat menimbulkan kerancuan. Medan magnet yang ditimbulkan oleh lilitan sistem tiga fasa sering diasumsikan dapat diekivalenkan dengan sistem satu fasa sebenarnya. Dalam makalah ini dilakukan analisis induktansi sendiri dan bersama sistem tiga fasa dengan cara memperhitunhkan adanya pengaruh medan magnet dari lilitan lainnya. Ditunjukkan bahwa induktansi sendiri maupun induktansi bersama pada sistem satu fasa ekivalen dari sistem tiga fasa tidak sama dengan sistem satu fasa sebenarnya. Sebagai penerapan, ditinjau kasus pada transformator tiga fasa dan motor tak serempak tiga fasa. The magnetic field analysis in single phase electrical circuit is not explicitly explaining the leakage flux, giving a vague picture and understanding of thewhole process. The magnetic fields of the three coils in a three phase system are usually assumed to be equivalent to a single phase system. This will introduce a misconception, since the influences of the field magnetism of the other coils are not calculated. Also, the self inductance and the mutual inductances in a single phase system equivalent to a three phase system are not exactly equal to the real single phase system. As an example of application, the case of a three phase transformer and a three phase asynchronous motor have been studied.
A Fuzzy Relation Approach to Single Linkage Maman A. Djauhari
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 25 No. 2/3 (1992)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Single linkage is equivalent to sub-dominant ultrametric. Many algorithms are available for constructing these two objects. But all of then, except one which was proposed by Gondran, are very tedious because of the lack of algebraic structure. Gondran used a special algebraic system as theoretical bases. But it seems rather artificial. In this paper, we propose a more formal approach based on fuzzy relation. The main result presented here is the equivalence between sub-dominant ultrametric and the min-max transitive closure of a symmetric and anti reflexive fuzzy relation. This property enables us to construct an easy and efficient algorithm. At the end of this paper we will find its relationship with Gondran's approach.
Pengaruh Kromium Klorida terhadap Perkembangan Pralahir Mencit (Mus musculus) Swiss Webster Lucia Maria Santoso; Sri Sudarwati; Lien A. Sutasurya
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 25 No. 2/3 (1992)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Larutan kromium klorida diberikan secara intraperitoneal dengan dosis tunggal 15, 22, 5, dan 30 mg Cr/kg berat badan pada mencit yang hamil 8, 10, atau 12 hari. Mencit control dan perlakuan dibunuh kemudian dibedah pada hari kehamilan ke-18. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pengamatan terhadap kejadian kematian intrauterus, berat fetus, malformasi eksternal, internal, dan rangka fetus. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa kromium trivalent menyebabkan jumlah embrio yang diresorpsi meningkat secara nyata, berat fetus berkurang dengan sangat nyata, terjadi kelambatan penulangan badan vertebra servikalis, badan vertebra sakrokaudalis, tulang tarsal, dan falang proksimal anggota belakang. Kromium yang diberikan pada hari kehamilan ke-8 menyebabkan eksensefali, sedangkan yang diberikan pada hari kehamilan ke-12 menyebabkan langit-langit bercelah. Untuk mengetahui pelaulan kromium dalam waktu 24 jam sesudah pemberian, dilakukan analisis secara Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom (SSA) terhadap darah induk, plasenta, dan fetus utuh. Hasil analisis SSA memperlihatkan bahwa kromium dapat dilakukan dari darah induk ke fetus lewat plasenta, diakumulasikan di dalam tubuh fetus, serta cenderung diretensi oleh plasenta. Chromium chloride was injected intraperitoneally at 15, 22.5, and 30 mg Cr/kg body weight to pregnant mice on the 8th, 10th, or 12th gestation day. Control and treated mice were sacrificed on the 18th gestation day, and the examination on incidences of intrauterine death, fetal weight, external, internal, and skeletal malfbrmations were performed. The results revealed that there was a significant increase in embryonic resorption, a highly significant reduction in fetal weight, significant reduction in the ossification of the cervical and sacrocaudal vertebral bodies, tarsal bones, and phalanges of the hind limbs. Administration of chromium on the 8th and 12th day of gestation showed significant incidences of exencephaly and cleft palate, respectively. In order to figure out the passage of chromium during 24 hours after administration, analysis using Atomic Absorption Spectrofotometry (AAS) was performed, and the content of chromium was determined in the maternal blood, placenta, and fetuses. From the analysis it was obvious that chromium was transferred and accumulated in the fetuses, and the placenta tended to retain chromium.
Eksekusi Paralel Operator Relasi dari Transaksi pada Basis Data Model Relasi Benhard Sitohang
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 25 No. 1 (1992)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Waktu tanggap SMBDR dicaoba diperbaiki dengan mengantisipasi eksekusi seluruh operator relasi dari transaksi secara parallel. Pada makalah ini, dijelaskan pendekatan yang memungkinkan eksekusi secara parallel (berupa usulan pendefinisian operator bebas), uji-coba, serta analisis untuk mengetahui sejauh mana perbaikan tersebut dapat dicapat. Hasil uji-coba pada sistem computer PDP-11/44, sistem operasi Xenix, digunakan mengidentifikasi kendala-kendala yang berperan dalam menentukan perbaikan termaksud. Waktu tanggap beberapa transaksi uji-coba yang dieksekusi secara parallel ternyata lebih baik daripada eksekusi secara sekuensial (reduksi : 11,36%). Beberapa transaksi uji coba lainnya kurang memberikan hasil yang mendukung hipotesa (reduksi : -60,87%). Improvement of RDBMS response-time was tried by anticipating to execute all relational operators of the transaction as a parallel process. This paper explains an approach which enables parallel execution (by defining "free operators"), test-case and analysis to know how far the improvement can be attained. Test-case result on PDP-11/44, under Xenix, was used to identify others constraints which plays role to the improvement. Response-time of test-case which parallel-execution performed better then sequential-execution (reduction : 11.,36 %). Others test-case transactions don't present satisfying result to the hypotheses (reduction : -6O,87 %).
Ilmu Kimia Tanaman Lauraceae Indonesia: VI. Kriptokaryon dari Cryptocarya Laevigata BL. (Lauraceae) Sjamsul Arifin Achmad; Effendi Effendi; Emilio L. Ghisalberti; Euis Holisotan Hakim; Lia Dewi Juliawaty; Lukman Makmur; Allan H. White
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 24 No. 2/3 (1991)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Ekstraksi kulit akar dan kulit barang tanaman Cryptocarya laevigata Bl. (Lauraceae) dengan n-heksan menghasilkan suatu calkon yang diidentifikasi sebagai kriptokaryon (I). Struktur senyawa ini ditetapkan berdasarkan data spektroskopi dan analisis Kristal sinar-X. Kesimpulan mengenai struktur kriptokaryon (I) mendukung saran peneliti sebelumnya, yang terlah merevisi struktur (II) yang pertama kali disarankan. C. laevigata adalah spesies kedua anggota suku Lauraceae yang telah ditemukan mengandung kriptokaryon (I). Tambahan pula, kriptokaryon (I) adalah senyawa alam kedua dari jenis flavonoid yang mengandung cincin A yang tereduksi sebagian, yang pernah ditemukan. Extraction of the root and the tree barks of Cryptocarya laevigata Bl. (Lauraceae) with n-hexane yielded a chalcone identified as cryptocaryone (I). The structure of this compound had been elucidated based on spectroscopic measurements and X-ray crystal analysis. Conclusions about the structure of cryprocaryone (I) confirm the previous suggestion, which revised the structure (ll) suggested earlier. C. laevigata is the second species of Lauraceae which contains cryptocaryone (I). Furthermore, cryptocaryone (I) is a second naturally occurring flavonoid containing a reduced A ring system which has so far been isolated.
Ilmu Kimia Tanaman Lauraceae Indonesia: V. Eritrodiol 3-Asetat dari Litsea elliptica Bl. (Lauraceae) Sjamsul Arifin Achmad; Afrizal Afrizal; Emilio L. Ghisalberti; Euis Holisotan Hakim; Lukman Makmur
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 24 No. 2/3 (1991)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Suatu triterpen, jenis oleanan, yang diperoleh dari kulit akar tanaman Litsea elliptica Bl. (Lauraceae) telah diidentifikasi sebagai olean-12-en-3,28-diol-3-asetat atau eritrodiol 3-asetat (I). Telah ditemukan pula suatu ftalat dan telah diidentifikasi sebagai bis(2-etilheksil) ftalat (III). Struktur kedua senyawa ini telah ditetapkan dengan menggunakan cara spektroskopi. Isolat lain, suatu triterpen yang diberi nama litselligenin, masih terus diteliti. Baik eritrodiol 3-asetat (I) maupun bis(2-etilheksil)ftalat (III) tidak pernah ditemukan sebelumnya pada tanaman Lauraceae, sedangkan senyawa terakhir merupakan senyawa ftalat kedua yang ditemukan pada Luaraceae. An oleanane-type triterpene isolated from the root bark of Litsea elliptica Bl. (Lauraceae) has been identified as olean-12-en-3,28-diol-3-acetate or erythrodiol 3-acetate (I). A phthalate has also been isolated and identified as bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (III). The structure of both compounds have been elucidated based on spectroscopic methods. Work on another isolate, a triterpenoid named litselligenin, is in progress. Neither erythrodiol 3-acetate (l) nor bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (III) have been isolated previously from the Lauraceae, and the latter compound represents a second phthalate to be isolated from Lauraceae.
Pengaruh Seng Sulfat terhadap Perkembangan Tulang Femur Embrio Ayam (Gallus Gallus) Galur Tegel TM 70 Aceng Ruyani; Sri Sudarwati; Lien A. Sutasurya
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 24 No. 1 (1991)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh kelebihan seng sulfat terhadap perkembangan tulang femur embrio ayam (Gallus gallus) galur Tegel TM 70. ZnSO4 dengan dosis 0,2 mg, O,4 mg dan 0,9 mg per telur, diinjeksikan secara tunggal melalui kantung yolk pada hari ke-2, ke-4 dan ke-6 inkubasi. Keadaan embrio diamati pada hari ke-13 inkubasi. Perlakuan dengan O,2 mg ZnSO4 pada hari ke-2 inkubasi cenderung meningkatkan panjang dan luas tulang femur, namun dosis 0,9 mg nyata menurunkannya (p<O,05 dan p<O,01). ZnSO4 lebih berpengaruh terhadap luas penampang bagian yang menulang daripada terhadap panjang bagian yang menulang. Disimpulkan bahwa seng dalam konsentrasi tertentu dibutuhkan untuk perkembangan optimal tulang femur, sedangkan kelebihan seng lebih berpengaruh dalam menghambat aktivitas osteogenik periosteum daripada aktivitas lempeng epifisis. The effect of excess zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) on the development of the femur in the Tegel TM 70 chick embryo (Gallus gallus) has been investigated by injecting the substance into the yolk sac of 2, 4 and 6 days incubated eggs. Three kinds of a single dose of ZnSO4 0.2 mg, 0.5 mg and 0.9 mg per egg were used. The embryos were examined on day 13 of incubation. Treatment with 0.2 mg ZnSO4 on day 2 incubation inclined to increase the width and length of the femur. Conversely, the dose of 0.9 mg significantly decreased the width and length of the femur (p<0.05 and p<0.01). ZnSO4 exerts its influence on the width of ossified parts of the femur, rather than on the length. It can be concluded that a certain concentration of zinc was necessary for optimal development of the femur, while zinc in excess influenced more the delay of periosteal osteogenic activity than that of epiphyseal plate osteogenic activity.

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