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Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences

JETS
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Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung

ISSN : 23375779 EISSN : 23385502 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Engineering

Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences welcomes full research articles in the area of Engineering Sciences from the following subject areas: Aerospace Engineering, Biotechnology, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Engineering Physics, Environmental Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Information Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Material Science and Engineering, Manufacturing Processes, Microelectronics, Mining Engineering, Petroleum Engineering, and other application of physical, biological, chemical and mathematical sciences in engineering. Authors are invited to submit articles that have not been published previously and are not under consideration elsewhere. Starting from Vol. 35, No. 1, 2003, full articles published are available online at http://journal.itb.ac.id, and indexed by Scopus, Index Copernicus, Google Scholar, DOAJ, GetCITED, NewJour, Open J-Gate, The Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek EZB by University Library of Regensburg, EBSCO Open Science Directory, Ei Compendex, Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) and Zurich Open Repository and Archive Journal Database. Publication History Formerly known as: ITB Journal of Engineering Science (2007 â€“ 2012) Proceedings ITB on Engineering Science (2003 - 2007) Proceedings ITB (1961 - 2002)

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Articles 1,267 Documents

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A Better Engineering Design: Low Cost Assistance Kit for Manual Wheelchair Users with Enhanced Obstacle Detection Dryvendra, Dryvendra; Ramalingam, Mritha; Chinnavan, Elanchezhian; Puviarasi, Puviarasi
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 47, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

This paper proposes a better engineering design of an assistance kit for manual wheelchair users. The design is aimedÂ to enhance the detection of obstacles in the travelling path of the wheelchairÂ user at low cost. This is facilitated by microcontroller and sensor technologies. The proposed design provides the intended user with obstacle detection, light detection, a light emitting diode (LED) emergency light system, and an emergency alarm system. The microcontroller is the main controller that receives input from the sensors and produces output to the light crystal display (LCD) screen, the LED emergency light system, and the emergency alarm system. An ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the presence of obstacles directly behind the wheelchair. If any obstacle exists behind the wheelchair within a set range, the system will alert the wheelchair user through different alarm sounds. In the case of absence of light, the LED emergency light system is activated and turns on a light source, which is attached to the wheelchair to provide a bright and clear path for the user. The distance between the obstacle and the wheelchair, and the status of the LED emergency light system are displayed on the LCD screen.

Strength Properties of Processed Fly Ash Concrete Anandan, Sivakumar; Sounthararajan, Vallarasu Manoharan
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 47, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

The present paper reports on the mechanical treatment of fly ash for improving the delayed reactivity of fly ash with the hydration product of cement. Grinding of fly ash was carried out in a ball mill for different time durations and processing time was optimized for maximum fineness. Concrete mixes were prepared using various proportions of processed and unprocessed fly ash replacement in cement (25% and 50%). The influence of steel fiber addition on the mechanical properties of the concrete was studied for different curing periods. The test results on pozzolanic activity and lime reactivity indicate that the processed fly ash exhibited a higher strength gain than the unprocessed fly ash, with a maximum increase in compressive strength of up to 12%. Improved pozzolanic properties were noticed due to the increase in fineness of the fly ash particles.

The Effect of Surfactant Characteristics on IFT to Improve Oil Recovery in Tempino Light Oil Field Indonesia Swadesi, Boni; Marhaendrajana, Taufan; Mucharam, Leksono; Siregar, H.P. Septoratno
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 47, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Water injection has been employed in the Tempino oil field since 1996. The current oil recovery factor is 35% of OOIP. Even though the pressure is still high, the oil production rate has declined rapidly and the water cut is approaching 89%. In order to mobilizeÂ theÂ oil from theÂ reservoirÂ more effectively, surfactant flooding is one of the solutions that can reduce residual oil saturation. Interaction between crude oil and compatible surfactant generates microemulsion,Â as an indication of low interfacial tension. Hence the oil is expected to move out of the pore throat easily. In this research, thirty types of surfactantsÂ were evaluated. The hydrophilicÂ lipophilicÂ balance (HLB)Â was calculated andÂ theÂ interfacial tension (IFT)Â with theÂ reservoir fluidÂ was measured. HLB criteria were established as an indicator of low IFT, which was then tested for Berea core flooding. The results indicate that an HLB between approximately 2.7 and 3.1 (on Daviesâ Scale) or greater than 11.5 (on Griffinâs Scale) givesÂ low IFTÂ (~10-3 dynes/cm).Â This characteristicÂ is possesed by surfactantÂ ethoxyÂ carboxylateÂ with aÂ linear hydrophobic structure.Â This surfactant produces a high incremental oil recovery according to Berea core flood tests. The AN2NS and AN3 surfactants recovered 90% and 86% of OOIP respectively.

The Application of a Decision-making Approach based on Fuzzy ANP and TOPSIS for Selecting a Strategic Supplier Govindaraju, Rajesri; Akbar, Muhammad I.; Gondodiwiryo, Leksananto; Simatupang, Tota
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 47, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Supplier selection becomes very important when used in the context of strategic partnerships because of the long-term orientation of the relationship. This paper describes the application of a decision-making approach for selecting a strategic partner (supplier). The approach starts with defining a set of criteria that fits the companyâs condition. In the next steps, a combination of fuzzy-ANP and TOPSIS methods is used to determine the weight for each criterion and rank all the alternatives. The application of the approach in an Indonesian manufacturing company showed that the three factors that got the highest weight were âgeographical locationâ, âcurrent operating performanceâ, and âreliabilityâ. Geographical location got the highest weight because it affects many other factors such as reaction to changes in demand, after-sales service, and delivery lead-time.Â Application of the approach helps decision-makers to gain effectiveness and efficiency in the decision-making process because it facilitates them to express their groupâs collective preferencesÂ while also providing opportunities for members to express their individual preferences. Future research can be directed at combining qualitative and quantitative criteria to develop the best criteria and methods for the selection of the best suppliers based on fuzzy ANP and TOPSIS.

Integrated Analysis of Optimizing Tubing Material Selection for Gas Wells Marbun, Bonar Tua Halomoan; Sinaga, Samuel Zulkhifly; Gaol, Calvin Lumban; Arimbawa, Gde Valdy Irawan; Pamungkas, Aristya Putra; Hardama, Aldiano Falah; Rizkiaputra, Ricko
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 47, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Corrosion in production tubing strings is seen as a challenging problem in gas wells containing carbon dioxideand hydrogen sulfide. This paper presents a new comprehensive method of corrosion rate calculation with integrated study of reservoir condition, nodal analysis of the well, and well trajectory, which could also have an effect due to the possibility of different flow regimes of the production fluid. This methodÂ is applicable to evaluate and predict the performance of selected tubing size and material. This method can also give an economic evaluation for the consideration of using corrosion resistant alloy (CRA) or low-alloy steel and carbon steel. The measurement of corrosion rate can be done by several methods,such as using corrosion coupons, calculating the iron content insideÂ the production fluid, or probes. Either way, whenÂ the corrosion rate measured in the field is still below the acceptable maximum corrosion rate, it can be said that the adequacy of this method is guaranteed. This method has been implemented in a gas field,where it successfully selected the best tubing material for the next development well in this field. Consequently, the lifetime of the tubing strings could be extended,resulting in an economical benefit as well.

Parameters Affecting the Extraction Process of Jatropha curcas Oil Using a Single Screw Extruder Siregar, Ali Nurrakhmad; Ghani, Jaharah A.; Che Haron, Che Hassan; Rizal, Muhammad
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 47, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

The most commonly used technique to separate oil and cake from J. curcas seeds is mechanical extraction. It uses simple tools such as a piston and a screw extruder to produce high pressure, driven by hand or by engine. A single screw extruder has one screw rotating inside the barrel and materials simultaneously flow from the feed to the die zone. The highest oil yield can be obtained by a well-designed oil press as well as finding the optimum conditions for all parameters involved during the extraction process. The influence of the parameters in a single screw extruder was studied using finite element analysis and computational fluid dynamics simulation with ANSYS POLYFLOW. The researchÂ focused on predictingÂ the velocity, pressure and shear rate in the metering section that influenced the screw rotational speed and mass flow rate. The obtained results revealed that increasing the screw rotational speed will increase the pressure, velocity and shear rate. Meanwhile, increasing the mass flow rate results in decreasing the pressure while the velocity and shear rate remain constant.

Non Dispersive Chemical Deacidification of Crude Palm Oil in Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactor Purwasasmita, Mubiar; Nabu, Eryk Bone Pratama; Khoiruddin, K.; Wenten, I Gede
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 47, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Performance of chemical deacidification of crude palm oil (CPO) using aqueous NaOH solution in a polysulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane wasÂ investigated. The effects of operating temperature, NaOH concentration and flow rates on percentage of free fatty acids (FFA) removal, oil loss, soap entrainment and overall mass transfer coefficientÂ wereÂ evaluated. Overall mass transfer coefficients, soap content in oil and neutral oil loss all increasedÂ when theÂ temperatureÂ was increased from 60 to 70Â°C due to an increase of the FFA distribution value. A minimum 0.25 N of NaOH or a NaOH to FFAÂ molar ratioÂ of about 7.62 wasÂ required to facilitate the expected extraction efficiency. The increased oil flowrate slightly enhanced the solute transport kinetics,Â while theÂ aqueous phase flowrate did not significantly influence deacidification efficiency or mass transfer coefficient. About 97% of FFA removal was achieved within 4 hours. The maximum oil loss observed was 11% and the highestÂ soap content in theÂ oil without separation step was 3150 ppm. The valuesÂ of theÂ overall mass transfer coefficient variedÂ from 2.97Ã10-7 to 7.71Ã10-7 m/s. These results show the potential of using the non dispersive membrane contacting process for chemical deacidification of CPO as well as other vegetable oils.

Kinetics of Palm Oil Transesterification Using Double Promoted Catalyst CaO/KI/Î³- Al2O3 Asri, Nyoman Puspa; Budikarjono, Kusno; Suprapto, Suprapto; Roesyadi, Achmad
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 47, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Double promoted catalyst (CaO/KI/Î³-Al2O3) was used as the catalyst for transesterification of palm oil into biodiesel. The experiment was carried out in a batch reactor consistingÂ of a three-neck glass flask (500 ml capacity) equipped with a reflux condenser, thermometer and magnetic stirrer. Kinetic study wasÂ carried out with methanol under reflux conditionsÂ at different temperatures (35-75Â°C) and different times of reaction (1-7 hours). The effects of temperature and time of the reaction on the conversion of palm oil into biodiesel and reaction rate constants were investigated. The results showed that the conversion and rate constants of reaction increased with the increasing of the reaction temperature. The highest conversion of 97% was obtained at 65Â°C and 5 hoursÂ of reaction time. Meanwhile, the activation energy and the frequency factor were 15.47 kJ/mol and 1.22.102, respectively.

Production of Methyl Laurate from Coconut Cream through Fractionation of Methyl Ester Sitompul, Johnner P.; Istyami, A.N.; Muhtadi, R.; Lee, H.W.; Rahman, H.
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 47, No 5 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

This paper concerns the production of methyl laurate from coconut cream through fractionation of methyl esters. Coconut oil was produced by wet processing of coconut cream. The esters were prepared by reacting coconut oil and methanol using homogeneous catalyst KOH in a batch reactor, followed by fractionation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) at various reduced pressures applying differential batch vacuum distillation. Experimental data were compared with simulation of a batch distillation employing the simple Raoultâs model and modified Raoultâs model of phase equilibria. Activity coefficients (Î³i) were determined by optimization to refine the models. The modified Raultâs model with activity coefficients gave better agreement with the experimental data, giving the value of Î³i between 0,56-0,73. For a given boiling temperature, lower operating pressure produced higher purity of C10 and C12 FAME for respective distillates.

Surfactant-Polymer Coreflood Simulation and Uncertainty Analysis Derived from Laboratory Study Hakiki, Farizal; Maharsi, Dara Ayuda; Marhaendrajana, Taufan
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 47, No 6 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

This paper presents a numerical simulation study on coreflood scale derived from a laboratory study conducted on light oil and water-wet sandstone samples from fields at Tempino and Kenali Asam, Sumatra, Indonesia. A rigorous laboratory study prompted a specified surfactant type among dozens of screened samples, i.e. AN3NS and AN2NS-M for Kenali Asam and Tempino, respectively. The coreflood scale numerical simulation study was performed using a commercial simulator, on the basis of the results from the laboratory study, at a constant temperature of 68Â°C, 0.3 cc/min injection rate and under 120 psia confining pressure. To get better recovery, the cores were tested using surfactant and polymer in a blended mode, containing 0.03% w/w polymer diluted in each field brine, which accommodated around 8000 ppm salinity. The most significant variable in the multiphase flow is the relative permeability curve, which is affected by interfacial tension (IFT) during waterflooding and surfactant-polymer (SP) flooding. This study shows that relative permeability will be shifted at ultra-low IFT (10-3 to 10-4 mN/m). This shifting phenomenon is governed by the interpolation parameter set, which implicitly represents the capillary number. Further work in matching the numerical results to the coreflood was conducted by changing the interpolation parameters.

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