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Jurnal Solum

solum
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Published by Universitas Andalas

ISSN : 18297994 EISSN : 02560835 DOI : https://doi.org/10.2057/jsolum

Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

Focuses and scopes of Jurnal Solum is to publishes all aspects in the original research of soil science or review covering: Soil physic and soil conservation, Soil mineralogy, Soil chemistry and soil fertility, Soil biology and soil biochemical, Soil genesis and classification, Land survey and land evaluation, Land development and management environmental.

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Tanah

Articles 173 Documents

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EFFECT OF L-TRP ON PERFORMANCE OF IAA PRODUCING RHIZOBACTERIA ON GROWTH OF SWEETPOTATO (IPOMOEA BATATAS L.) Lusi Maira
Jurnal Solum Vol 1, No 1 (2004): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Penelitian tentang penambahan L-Triptophan (TRP) pada rhizobakteri penghasil IAA terhadap tanaman ubi jalar yang merupakan percobaan pot bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh dari L-TRP dan inokulasi isolat rhizobakteri pada pertumbuhan dan hasil ubi jalar, populasi bakteri dan jamur tanah serta kandungan nutrien pada tanah pasir bekas galian tambang timah di Malaysia. Penelitian ini merupakan percobaan pot yang disusun secara Acak lengkap (RAL) yang menggunakan tiga isolat rhizobakteri penghasil IAA yang juga berasal dari perakaran ubi jalar. Dari penelitian ini didapati bahwa isolat rhizobakteri SPR 66 mampu meningkatkan berat kering bahagian atas, kandungan klorofil dan jumlah luas daun, sedangkan isolat SPR 100 mempengaruhi berat kering dan volume akar, pembentukan ubi, kandungan nutrien tanaman dan nutrien tanah. Pemberian L-TRP kepada semua isolat terpilih cendrung meningkatkan pembesaran dan hasil tanaman ubi jalar. Peningkatan ini berkaitan dengan peningkatan keadaan kimia dan aktivitas mikroorganisme di dalam tanah.

KESESUAIAN LAHAN DAN POTENSI PRODUKSI TANAMAN GAMBIR DI KABUPATEN PESISIR SELATAN SUMATERA BARAT J Juniarti; Y Yuzirwan; Dian Fiantis
Jurnal Solum Vol 1, No 1 (2004): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The land suitability study for gambir crop (Uncaria gambir, Roxb) in the buffer zone of the National Park of Kerinci Seblat (Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat) at Salido Saribulan, sub district IV Jurai, Pesisir Selatan was investigated. The objective of this study was to estimate the land suitability for gambir in Salido Saribulan. The soils were sampled in composite ways for analyses in laboratory. The results showed that according to climatic and physical land condition, the studied area was considered as class S1 (highly suitable). However, based on land suitability class, it was grouped as S3f (marginally suitable with some constraints in the availability of soil nutrients). We suggested that to increase gambir production in the studied area can be done by adding some fertilizers both organic and inorganic ones.

CHARACTERISTICS OF MECHANICALLY FRACTIONATED AGGREGATES OF TWO CONTRASTING SOILS Ita Yulnafatmaawita
Jurnal Solum Vol 1, No 1 (2004): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Tillage often decreases physical condition of agricultural land, especially aggregate degradation which causes land and environmental quality decreased. As aggregates disperse into single particles, chemical properties of the soil could change. The objective of this research was to study whether or not mechanical fractionation causes soil dispersion indicating by different chemical properties. Aggregates of two soils, Vertisol and Oxisol, were degraded by using puddler at 3 different energy rates (40, 60, and 150 J kg-1 soil minute-1) and then were separated into 3 different sizes (2000-20, 20-2, <2 um). Therefore, each soil sample would have 15 soil separates at different energy and aggregate size. The result showed that aggregate fractionation especially the fraction size, in general, affected EC, ESP, and CEC but not pH of both soils. The pattern of EC and CEC values seemed to be equal, the highest values were found at the smallest aggregate size (< 2 um). The CEC values of Oxisols did not affected by fractionation, while CEC values of Vertisols increased by decreasing aggregate size, and decreased by increasing energy applied. This indicated that Vertisol is easier to disperse than Oxisol.

PEMBENTUKAN ASAM HUMAT DAN FULVAT SELAMA PEMBUATAN KOMPOS JERAMI PADI A Agustian
Jurnal Solum Vol 1, No 1 (2004): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Production of humic substances during the composting of organic matter becomes one criterion of compost quality. The objectives of this study were to measure and quantify the amounts of humic substances produced during the composting of rice straw by commercial decomposer, Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4). The experiment was carried out by using twenty kilograms of rice straw with C/N ratio 105 and containing 32.28% of cellulose and 4.48% lignin. The treatment essayed was the quantity EM4 applied i.e 10, 20, 30 ml and without inoculation as control. Experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Parameters observed are C/N ratio, humic acid, fulvic acid, and humification ratio. The results clearly showed that the increase of EM4 applied was closely related with the sum of humic substances, humic acid, and fulvic acid produced. The significance results were observed after 60 days applying compost with 30 ml EM4. It could be concluded that the quantity of EM4 applied to determine the rate of compost maturity as indicated by the value of humification ratio, was significantly different. On the other hand, the low contents of lignin in rice straw might also determine humic and fulvic acid formation.

KURVA SORPSI FOSFAT MENURUT LANGMUIR DAN FREUNDLICH SEBAGAI PENDUGA KEBUTUHAN PUPUK FOSFAT PADA ANDISOLS SUMATERA BARAT Dian Fiantis
Jurnal Solum Vol 1, No 1 (2004): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Andisols are among the most productive soils in the world, but these soils also strongly retained phosphate. The high capacity for phosphate sorption in Andisols is due to their high content of active Al and Fe compounds. The objectives of this study were to assess the effect of soil properties on P sorption, buffer capacities and requirements of some benchmark soil profiles in Mt. Marapi and Mt. Pasaman. The P sorption characteristics of Andisols from West Sumatra were described using Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The P sorption maximum in Mt. Pasaman soils was higher than in Mt. Marapi soils. The most important soil properties affecting P sorption and buffer capacities were oxalate Si and Fe, Al (Sio Feo and Alo), dithionite Al (Ald), pyrophosphate Al (Alp), which explained 89% of the variance in sorption maxima and 83% of P buffering indices. Allophane, Alo and Ald were positively correlated with P sorption maximum. Contrary to general assumption that organic matter had an inverse relation with P sorption maxima, in this study, however, there was no trend observed between P sorption maxima and organic carbon. Organic C has poor relationship with this parameter. Andisols from Mt. Marapi and Mt. Pasaman need P input between 320 to 7,800 mg P kg-1 to maintain the P level in soil solution at 0.2 mg kg-1.

PEMANFAATAN ABU JENJANG KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI SUMBER K PADA TANAH GAMBUT DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PRODUKSI JAGUNG Teguh Budi Prasetyo
Jurnal Solum Vol 6, No 2 (2009): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

This research was conducted in Green House at Agriculture Faculty of Andalas University from September 2000 to Maret 2001. The objective of the research was to study of the ash of oil palm stem as K source and to determine optimum level to corn production on peat soils. The experiment was designed on Complete Randomized Design with 9 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of without oil palm ash, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 kg/ha and 100, 200 kg KCl/ha. The result showed that application of the ash of oil palm can increase pH and K soil content. The highest pH and K soil content was obtained with 1000 kg ash/ha namely 5,56 and 5,28 me/100 g. Application 400kg ash/ha can substitute 200 kg KCl/ha. The highest corn yield was obtained with application 800kg ash/ha but not significantly with application 400 and 600 kg/haKey words: ash, K resource, corn production

PERANAN TIGA SUMBER MULSA TERHADAP BEBERAPA SIFAT FISIKA ULTISOL DAN HASIL JAGUNG SEMI (Zea mays L)” Asmar Asmar; Adrinal Adrinal
Jurnal Solum Vol 3, No 2 (2006): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

A research about the role of three sources of mulch on soil physical properties of Ultisol and yield of baby corn was conducted on experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University and at soil laboratory of Andalas University and University of Jambi. The research was aimed to evaluate three mulch sources (paddy straw, coconut fibre, and used paper) on several soil physical properties of Ultisols and babby corn yield. The results showed that mulch applied did not affect babby corn yield and soil physical properties of Ultisol except on plant available water. In addition, paddy straw mulch gave better effect to soil physical properties of Ultisols and babby corn yield compared to the others.Key Words: Mulch, paddy straw, coconut fibre, used paper, Ultisols

PENGARUH PENGOLAHAN TANAH DAN PEMBERIAN MULSA ORGANIK TERHADAP PERUBAHAN BEBERAPA SIFAT KIMIA TANAH PSAMMENT DAN HASIL JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays Saccharata Sturt) Ruhaimah Ruhaimah; Herviyanti Herviyanti; Adrinal Adrinal; Giska Oktabriana
Jurnal Solum Vol 7, No 2 (2010): JURNAL SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

A research about effect of soil managment and organic mulch application on soil physical properties of psamment and conr production was conducted in Korong Muaro, Nagari Sunur Kecamatan Nan Sabaris Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, as well as in soil laboratory, Agriculture Faculty, Andalas University Padang. This research was done from April – October 2009. The objective of the research was to identify interaction effect between soil cultivation and organic mulch application on chemical properties of psamment and production of sweet corn. This research was designed in two factors: 3 x 4 with three replications. The first factor was soil cultivation which consisted of 3 levels (Po = No-till, P1 = Minimum tillage, P2 = Conventional till). The second factor was organic mulch application, which consisted of four levels: Z = without mulch addition, T = Titonia for 8 ton DW/ha, K = Chromolaena for 8 ton DW/ha, J = straw 8 ton DW/ha. The result showed that soil cultivation combined with rice straw mulch application could increase N, P, K elements in soil. Soil N content increased from 0,17 % to 0,28 %, avail-P from 52,57 ppm to 88,60 ppm, and K-exch from 0,64 me/100g to 2,35 me/100g, however, minimum tillage gave the highest yield which was 7,68 ton weight of corn seeds + the stalk /hektar, and rice straw mulch showed the highest among the organic mulch applied, which was 8,85 ton/ha.Keywords: Soil cultivation, organic mulch, psamment, sweet corn

EFEK SISA ASAM HUMAT DARI KOMPOS JERAMI PADI DAN PENGELOLAAN AIR DALAM MENGURANGI KERACUNAN BESI (FE) TANAH SAWAH BUKAAN BARU TERHADAP PRODUKSI PADI Ruhaimah Ruhaimah; Asmar Asmar; Mimien Harianti
Jurnal Solum Vol 6, No 1 (2009): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Fe toxicity on recent ricefield has been common problem in ricefield management to increase rice productivity. Adding organic matter like humic acid from any source (such as hay residue compost) and water management (intermitten flooding and continue flooding) can reduce Fe toxicity and it will be able to increase rice yield in one plant season. But how about in second plant season, this research will found effect of adding humic acid from hay compost residue and water management. The objective of this research was to study the interaction of hay compost humic acid residue effect and water management on Fe abundant and nutrient uptake and rice yield in recent ricefield. This research has done by split-split plot design 2 x 4. The main plot which was treatment of water management were permanent flooding and intermitten (P1 and P2). And the split plot which was humic acid treatments were Ao = 0 ppm (0 Kg humic acid /Acre), A1= 200 ppm (400 Kg humic acid/A), A2= 400 ppm (800 Kg humic acid/A), A3 = 600 ppm (1200 Kg humic acid /A). Data analysed by statistical methode, if the treatments were significant to be continued by Duncan 05 % analysis. The result has obtained of this research which was Eh value of soil in flooding and intermitten was decrease in every week because treatment of humic acid in first season. The content of Fe2+ in soil was increase in every week until the 8th week. Value of soil pH until 8th week flooding was increase, and caused P available and P potencial were increase too. Plant growth and yield of rice in second season not better than first season, and for intermitten flooding caused better plant growth and yield of rice. Keyword : Fe Toxicity, Humic Acid, water management, Recent Ricefield

DEGRADASI LAHAN PADA BERBAGAI TANAMAN PERKEBUNAN DI KABUPATEN DHARMASRAYA SUMATERA BARAT Syafrimen Yasin; Herviyanti Herviyanti; David David
Jurnal Solum Vol 2, No 1 (2005): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

A reseach about determination land degradation on several plantation ecosystems in Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra. This research was aimed to study types of perennial crops (trees) which contributes to alleviate land degradation. The work was conducted in Sungai Rumbai Dystrict, Dharmasraya regency and in Soil Science Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty Andalas University. Soil samplings were taken at Ultisols having 0-8% slope (flate-undulating). Land use type being considered was original forest, oil palm, rubber, coffee, and cocoa plantation. Composite soil samples were taken for four replications on 1-20 cm depth. At each sampling site was accompanied by five drilling soils. Then, four undisturbed soil was also sampled at the same depth with disturbed soil samples for determining soil bulk density values. The data collected were analyzed statistically by using analyses of variance, and then continued by using Least Significant Difference (LSD) at 5% level. The result showed that rubber and cacao plantation contributed to better soil ecology value than oil palm and coffee land use. It could be proved from organic carbon (OC) and bulk density (BV) of the soils which were alsmost the same as those from forest land use. Key Words: Land degradation, plantation crops

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Agustian

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agustian@agr.unand.ac.id

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+6275172701

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redaksisolumm@agr.unand.ac.id

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Gedung Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas Kampus Unand LIMAU MANIS PADANG 25163

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Kota padang,

Sumatera barat

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