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Jurnal Solum

solum
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Published by Universitas Andalas

ISSN : 18297994 EISSN : 02560835 DOI : https://doi.org/10.2057/jsolum

Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

Focuses and scopes of Jurnal Solum is to publishes all aspects in the original research of soil science or review covering: Soil physic and soil conservation, Soil mineralogy, Soil chemistry and soil fertility, Soil biology and soil biochemical, Soil genesis and classification, Land survey and land evaluation, Land development and management environmental.

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Tanah

Articles 173 Documents

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FAKTOR-FAKTOR EKSTERNAL YANG MEMPENGARUHI WAKTU PEMBUAHAN MANGGIS Irwan Darfis; Aprisal Aprisal
Jurnal Solum Vol 6, No 2 (2009): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

A research aiming to evaluate external factors affecting fertility process on manggo trees had been conducted in Lima Puluh Kota Regency, as one of production central for manggos in West Sumatra. In the first year, the activity of the research was aimed to identification on earlier and later flowering plants. External factors being identified were soil nutrients and soil chemical characteristics, as well as temperature and relative humidity around canopies of the trees. The results showed that there was an interaction among the external factors on the characteristics of both groups of the manggo trees. Earlier flowering plants had higher temperature around the canopies, but lower relative humidity than those later flowering plants. Some other external factors such as light intensity as well as the duration of day and night period will be identified on the following research.Key Words: Manggos tree, canopy temperature and humidity, earlier flowering plants, later flowering plants

PENGARUH PEMAKAIAN KSP DAN UNSUR MIKRO TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN DAN SERAPAN HARA P (Glycine Max (L) Merr) PADA HISTOSOL DAN ULTISOL Yulinar Zubaidah; Burhanudin Burhanudin; Irma Yessi
Jurnal Solum Vol 3, No 2 (2006): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The experiment was carried out in greenhouse and in soil laboratory Faculty of Agriculture Andalas University, as well as in Bukittinggi soil laboratory since November 1999 until April 2000. The experiment was designed in Completely Randomized Design in a factorial with 3 replications. The treatments were the KSP dosage (with out KSP, 1500, 2500 and 3500 kg KSP/ha) and micro nutrient (with out micro nutrient, 30 PPM CII S0451120/ha, ;30 ppm Cu. S045H20/ha + 10 ppm ZnS047H20/ha and 30 PPM CU S04H20/ha + 10 ppm S0471120/ha + 0,5 ppm (NH4)6 M024 4H201ha. The results of the experiment showed that application of KSP and micro nutrient combination did not give significant effect on phosphorus available and phosphorus uptake by plants. Application of 2,5 tonnes KSP/ha without application of micronutrient gave the best result to increase soil pH (4,27), P potensial (451,72 ppm), and plan dry weight (16,689/pot) Key words: KSP, Histosol, Ultisol

KARAKTERISTIK SORPSI DAN DESORPSI FOSFAT PADA OXISOL DENGAN PENDEKATAN KINETIK Mimien Hariyanti
Jurnal Solum Vol 7, No 2 (2010): JURNAL SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The phosphorous sorption and desorption characteristics were studied in Oxisols Padang Siantah West Sumatera. The amount of P (0, 20, 40, 80, 100, 200, 400, 800 g P) was added to 1 gram soil and incubated for 0.04 days (1 hour) , 0.125 days (3 h), 0.25 days (6 h), 0.375 days (9 h), 1,3, 6, 9, 18 dan 36 days. A completely factorial design in triple replication was set up. The results of P sorption and desorption experiment showed that Oxisol had very high sorption with time until 99 from added P. P desorption maximum at the time was 3 days with sorption value 1,67 % from added P. Keywords : Oxisol, Fe and Al oksides, P sorption, P desorption, time of reaction.

KLASIFIKASI BEBERAPA SUMBER BAHAN ORGANIK DAN OPTIMALISASI PEMANFAATANNYA SEBAGAI BIOCHAR Sismiyanti Sismiyanti; Hermansah Hermansah; Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita
Jurnal Solum Vol 15, No 1 (2018): JURNAL SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Optimalisasi pemanfaatan bahan organik akan dapat dilakukan dengan mengetahui kualitas bahan organik tersebut. Kualitas bahan organik tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kandungan hara, namun juga kecepatan pelapukannya yang dilihat dari kandungan lignin, nisbah C/N, C/P, dan C/S. Pengujian terhadap 24 jenis sumber bahan organik di Kota Padang ini telah dilakukan pada bulan November 2016-April 2017 di laboratorium kimia tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelompokkan bahan organik berdasarkan kandungan haranya, menentukan bahan organik yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber biochar, dan mengkaji karakteristik dari biochar yang dihasilkan. Parameter analisis bahan organik meliputi kadar air, C-total, N-total, P-total, K-total, C/N, C/S, C/P, dan kadar lignin. Parameter analisis biochar meliputi kadar air, kandungan N-total, C-total, P-total, K-total, S-total C/N, dan kadar abu. Dua puluh empat (24) sumber bahan organik yang tersedia, dapat disimpulkan bahwa berdasarkan kandungan haranya bahan organik ini diklasifikasikan menjadi 2 yaitu : a) bahan organik berkualitas tinggi, yang terdiri dari: tithonia, krinyuh, gamal, kiambang, widelia, paku resam, azola, enceng gondok, alang-alang, jerami kacang tanah, jerami kedele, jerami jagung, kulit kakao, pupuk kandang ayam, pupuk kandang sapi, dan kulit jengkol, dan b) bahan organik berkualitas rendah yang dinyatakan berdasarkan kadar lignin, C/N, C/P dan C/S yang tinggi, yang terdiri dari : jerami padi, sekam padi, pelepah kelapa sawit, tongkol jagung, tandan kosong kelapa sawit, ampas tebu, ampas kelapa sawit, dan serbuk gergaji. Bahan organik berkualitas rendah yang dioptimalkan untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan biochar adalah jerami padi, sekam padi, dan tandan kosong kelapa sawit, dengan karakteristik kimia biochar yang dihasilkan memiliki C-total (28,86%), N-total (1,27%), P-total (0,28%), K-total (0,76%), S-total (0,21%), kadar abu (25,42%), C/N (22,72), C/P (103,07), dan C/S (137,43).Kata kunci : bahan organik, biochar.

PENGUNAAN ENDAPAN AIR GAMBUT SEBAGAI AMELIORAN ALTERNATIF TERHADAP BEBERAPA SIFAT KIMIA ULTISOL DAN HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG SEMI (Zea mays L ) Teguh Budi Prasetyo; Husnita Husnita; Irwan Darfis
Jurnal Solum Vol 5, No 2 (2008): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The main problems of Ultisols are high Al concentration, low pH, low cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), and low fertility. The objectives of this reasearch were to study the effect of peat water deposit to some chemical properties of Ultisols and to determine the optimal level of peat water deposit for optimum corn yield. The experimental design was the complete randomized design that consisted of 5 levels of peat water deposit (0, 800, 1600, 2400, and 3200 kg/ha). The results showed that the application of peat water deposit could reduce exchangeable Al, increase CEC and soil P concentration, P-uptake, and corn yield. The highest corn yield was obtained at application of 3200 kg peat water deposit /ha.Key Words : Ultisols, peat water precipitation, soil chemical characteristics, corn

SISTEM USAHA TANI JAGUNG PADA GAWANG KELAPA Yulinar Zubaidah; Ridwan Ridwan; Rafli Munir
Jurnal Solum Vol 2, No 1 (2005): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

A research about integrated farming system research for maize among coconut trees was carried out in Tabek Panjang village, Lima Puluh Kota Regency. The objective of the research was to find out the best adaptation of maize variety, hybrid and high yielding of maize composite, combined with zero tillage technology. The data were analyzed by using comparative analysis approach between the improve technology in the technical work (productivity and economic cost, profitable and R/C ratio). The result showed that maize C9 hybrid gave the highest yield 7,34 ton/ha, maize C7 hybrid and Bisma varieties gave yields 6,84 ton/ha and 4,56 ton/ha, respectively. The farm operation analysis showed that maize C9 hybrid gave profit Rp 4,060,000 and R/C 2,24 , maize C7 hybrid Rp 3,561.000 and R/C 2,09 and maize Bisma variety Rp. 1,434,850 R/C ratio 1,46. In general, the result of the a study showed that land preparation with zero tillage system was better for maize C7 and C9 hybrids planted among coconut trees. Keywords: The intercropping farming system, zero tillage

Perbaikan Sifat Kimia Oxisol dengan Pemberian Bahan Humat dan Pupuk P untuk Meningkatkan Serapan Hara dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays, L.) Herviyanti Herviyanti; Chici Anche; Gusnidar Gusnidar; Irwan Darfis
Jurnal Solum Vol 9, No 2 (2012): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

A research was carried out at glass house and at Soil Laboratory of Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University Padang. The experiment was aimed to determine the interaction between humic material from compost and P fertilizer on some chemical properties of Oxisol, nutrient uptake and corn production. This experiment consisted of 2 factors (4 x 4) with three replications which were allocated in completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor was humic material having 4 doses (0, 400, 800, and 1200 ppm) and the 2nd factor was P fertilizer having 4 doses (100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% of recomendation (R)). The result showed that there was : 1) Interaction between humic materials and P fertilizer for the quality the corn seeds. Application of 800 ppm humic material improved the quality of the seeds even though at low level of P fertilizer. 2) Then, it also increased availability of P by 23.03 ppm, N total by 0.09 %, and decreased Al-exch by 0.53 me (100 g)-1 and Fe-exch by 25.62 ppm compared to threatment without application of humic material. Likewise, nutrients (N and P) uptake by plant also increased by 0.28 and 0.03 %, respectively. 3) Application of P fertilizer at 75 % R increased soil P availability by 3.77 ppm, N and P content of plant by 0.43 % and 0.06 %, and seed weight by 13.20 g and decreased Fe-exch by 21.16 ppm, compared to 25 % R of P fertilizer.Keywords : humic material, P- fertilizer, nutrient uptake

KAJIAN SIFAT FISIKA EMPAT TANAH UTAMA DI SUMATERA BARAT Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita; Asmar Asmar; Ari Ramayani
Jurnal Solum Vol 4, No 2 (2007): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

A research about soil physical study of four main soils found in West Sumatra was conducted in 2006. The research was aimed to determine some soil physical properties of four soil which are mostly found in West Sumatra. The four soil orders assessed were Ultisol from Agricultural Expreriment Station Limau Manis, Oxisol from Lubuk Minturun, Entisol from Tabing Kecamatan Koto Tangah Padang, dan Andisol from Bukik Gompong Kabupaten Solok. The result showed that at the depth of 0-20 cm soil profile. Ultisol and Oxisol had finer texture than those of Andisol and Entisol. Andisol was dominated by silt while Entisol was dominated by sand particles. Andisol had the lowest bulk density and the highest soil organic matter and total porosity. Soil Organic matter content of Entisol, Oxisol, and Ultisols was low in criteria. Plant available water (PAW) was higher in Oxisol, then followed by Andisol, Ultisol, and Entisol.Key words: Organic matter, bulk density, texture, porosity, plant available water

PERANAN BAHAN ORGANIK DALAM PEMBEBASAN P-TERIKAT PADA TANAH ANDISOL Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita; Lusi Maira; Junaidi Junaidi; Yusmini Yusmini; Nurhajati Hakim
Jurnal Solum Vol 2, No 2 (2005): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

A research about organic matter role on P desorption in Andisol was conducted in soil laboratory of Agricultural Faculty, Andalas University Limau Manis Padang. The objective of this research was to find out the ability of organic matter to change retained- or fixed-P into available-P in Andisols. This research was designed as completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 levels of chicken manure consisting of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 ton/ha by 3 replications. Based on laboratory analysis, the soil (Andisols) had pH 5.65, OC 2.33%, N-total 0.26%, available-P 56.94 ppm, and potential-P 60.38 mg/100 g soil. While chicken manure had OC 21.45%, total-N 5.60%, total-P 33.19 mg/100g and C/N ratio 3.83. The results showed that desorpted-P increased by increasing amount of chicken manure applied. Key words: fixed-P, available-P, desorpted-P

PEMANFAATAN AKAR Tithonia diversifolia TERINFEKSI CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA SEBAGAI INOKULUM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JAGUNG Agustian Agustian
Jurnal Solum Vol 8, No 1 (2011): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) has been known as shrubs having potential as a green manure crop. Its growth exceeding legume in poor soil nutrients is strongly influenced by mycorhyzosphere. This study tried to use infected root of tithonia as innoculant of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.). The purpose of this research was to study the effect of a given amount of root of tithonia as AMF innoculants on the growth and yield of maize. The study was designed in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 replicates. The treatment used in this experiment was amount of innoculum consisting of 4 levels: without innoculum (0 g), 10 g, 20 g, and 30 g of innoculum per pot. The results obtained showed that tithonia roots infected with AMF could be used as innoculum. It also caused plant height, dry weight of straw, and P- uptake by crops significantly increased. The use of 20 g of innoculum was the best treatment in this experiment which could increase the weight of dry maize straw to 69.67 g per pot which was significantly different from treatment without innoculation. At the same treatment was also found that the best nutrients (N, P, and K) uptake was determined on straw. Innoculation of AMF using tithonia roots affected the increase in frequency and intensity of infection and numbers of spores found in maize rhizosphere.Keywords: arbuscular-mycorrhiza, innoculation, maize, production, tithonia

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Agustian

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agustian@agr.unand.ac.id

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+6275172701

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redaksisolumm@agr.unand.ac.id

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Gedung Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas Kampus Unand LIMAU MANIS PADANG 25163

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Kota padang,

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