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Jurnal Solum

solum
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Published by Universitas Andalas

ISSN : 18297994 EISSN : 02560835 DOI : https://doi.org/10.2057/jsolum

Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

Focuses and scopes of Jurnal Solum is to publishes all aspects in the original research of soil science or review covering: Soil physic and soil conservation, Soil mineralogy, Soil chemistry and soil fertility, Soil biology and soil biochemical, Soil genesis and classification, Land survey and land evaluation, Land development and management environmental.

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Tanah

Articles 173 Documents

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PENGARUH RANCANGAN BARISAN DAN PERIODE PANGKAS TERHADAP BIOMASA DAN HASIL UNSUR HARA TITONIA (Tithonia diversifolia) PADA ULTISOL Asmar Asmar; Oktanis Emalinda; Dicky Hadi Vendra
Jurnal Solum Vol 9, No 2 (2012): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

A field research about cultivating tithonia (Tithonia divesifolia) was aimed to determine the best row design and trimming period to produce high biomass and nutrient content of tithonia in Ultisol. The research was conducted in Andalas University Experiment Station and Laboratory of Research Center for Utilization of Nuclear Science and Technology (P3IN) Universitas Andalas Limau Manis Padang. The research consisted of 2 factors, row design for tithonia cultivation at farming site (R) (R1=alley fence, 1 m width times 5 m distance; R2 = 1 m width as a fence for farming site 10 m x 10 m area) as the main plot and trim period (U) (U1=trimming every 2 month, U2=trimming every 4 months), at 3 blocks The results showed that both row designs gave the same performance in terms of producing biomass and plant nutrients (N,P,K,Ca,Mg). The best trimming period was found under U1. Tithonia cultivation as R1 combined with trimming period (U1) yielded approximately 2.2 ton dry matter/ha, 62.82 kg N/ha; 17.67 kg P/ha; 81.06 kg K/ha 13.35 kg Ca/ha and 5.47kg Mg/ha. Both row designs with trimming period every 2 months could be recommended to cultivate tithonia in Ultisol.Key Words: Tithonia diversifolia cultivation, trim period, Ultisol

EVALUASI KESESUAIAN LAHAN DAN POTENSI PRODUKSI TANAMAN MANGGIS (Garcinia mangostana L.) DI KAB.50 KOTA Juniarti Juniarti; Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita; Sudewi Isminingsih
Jurnal Solum Vol 5, No 1 (2008): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

This research discusses the land suitability of mangosteen field in Kab.50 Kota Kota Payakumbuh, predict production potential of mangosteen based on the climate suitability, soil and management its field. Composite soil sample is taken through drilling 0 – 60 cm which is carried out on research site. Quantitative model from FAO (1976) is used to evaluate the land suitability. This model combines enviromental data, climate and soil condition (soil physic and chemistry characteristic), so that production potential of field based on climate (Climate Production Potential = CPP) can be maesured quantitatively. By entering the real data of plant production, this model can predict the real plant production in a field (Land Production Potential = LPP). Result of this research shows that climate and physical condition of land are very suitability to grow mangosteen, and its level appropriateness is S1 (very suitability). Then, production potential 3 – 12 ton/ha/year can be increased to > 15 ton/ha/year if the management of land is improved.Key Words : Land suitability evaluation, Climatic Production Potential, Land Production Potential

PENGARUH PENGELOLAAN AIR TERHADAP KONSENTRASI BESI (Fe) PADA SAWAH BUKAAN BARU Teguh Budi Prasetyo; Ruhaimah Ruhaimah; Septi Angga Wardahana
Jurnal Solum Vol 3, No 1 (2006): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Recently rice field in Ultisol has some problems, the most important thing is high concentration of Fe that can be toxic to the rice growth. The objective of this study was to determine the best water management to reduce concentration of Fe in recently rice field. The experiment was designed in completely randomized design with seven treatments and three replicates. The treatment consisted of continous water-logged, 1 week water-logged 1 week dried, 2 weeks water-logged 2 weeks dried, 3 weeks water-logged 3 weeks dried, 1 week dried 1 week water-logged, 2 weeks dried 2 weeks water-logged, 3 weeks dried 3 weeks water-logged. The results showed that the water management with water-logged and dried the soil could reduce Fe concentration about 720 1882 ppm. The best water management to reduce Fe concentration was 3 weeks water-logged 3 weeks dried with Fe concentration in the soil was 376 ppm. Key words : Water management, Iron, recently rice field

HUBUNGAN ANTARA CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA INDIGENEOUS DAN SIFAT KIMIA TANAH DI LAHAN KRITIS TANJUNG ALAI, SUMATERA BARAT Muzakkir Muzakkir
Jurnal Solum Vol 8, No 2 (2011): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Critical land is land that has lost its function as an agro-ecosystem. The main problems faced in using critical land for agriculture are: 1) acidic soil reaction, 2) high amount of Al ions that can bind phosphorus, and 3) low organic matter content. Some treatment had been tried to improve soil chemical properties, but the result obtained is not optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to do biological improvement by utilizing indigeneous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF). Research on the relationship between Indigeneous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and some chemical properties of degraded land have been carried out at the Laboratory of Soil Science and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University ( UNAND). This study was aimed to determine the relationship between the number and types of AMF with some chemical properties of critical land in Tanjung Alai Solok, West Sumatra, as well as to study the relationship between the number and types of AMF with some soil chemical properties using Pearson correlation analysis. The results showed that: the number and types of AMF is closely related to pH, P, and organic C, with a pattern of positive relationships (unidirectional), while Al-dd soil showed negative correlation with the number and types of AMF.Keywords: critical land, AMF, soil chemical properties

PERANAN KOLOID Al DAN Fe AKTIF DALAM PROSES RETENSI FOSFAT PADA ANDISOLS DARI SUMATERA BARAT Dian Fiantis
Jurnal Solum Vol 1, No 2 (2004): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The presence of active Al and Fe compounds in large amount in Andisols has caused strong P-retention on these mineral structure or it is bound on OH functional group or positively charged H. The objective of this research was to provide fundamental information to manage and conserve Andisols as used to be vegetable production centre in West Sumatra. The results showed that volcanic soil from Pasaman Mountain had higher retention capacity than that of Marapi Mountain. Therefore, it was needed more P for optimum plant growth. The most dominant soil properties affected pattern and amount of P retention was due to type of clay mineral found in volcanic soils. The dominant clay mineral on Andisols in West Sumatra was alofan and ferryhydrite (non-crystalline clay mineral) which are active component of Al and Fe colloids. Key Words: Volcanic ash soil, P retention, Alofan

PERANAN BAHAN HIJAUAN TANAMAN DALAM PENINGKATAN BAHAN ORGANIK DAN STABILITAS AGGREGAT TANAH ULTISOL LIMAU MANIS YANG DITANAMI JAGUNG (Zea mays L.) Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita; Amrizal Saidi; Gusnidar Gusnidar; Adrinal Adrinal; Suyoko Suyoko
Jurnal Solum Vol 7, No 1 (2010): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

A research aiming to improve soil aggregate stability of Ultisol in terms of creating sustainable agriculture and environmental development was conducted by applying fresh organic matter (OM) into soil. Three types of OM sources used were Titonia diversifolia, Chromolaena odorata, dan Gliricidia sepium. This research was conducted in Ultisol Limau Manis Sumbar having annual rainfall > 5000 mm, in 2008. The fresh OM used was cut, mixed with soil up to 20 cm depth, and then incubated for approximately one month before corn seeds were planted. Soil was sampled before being treated with OM and then after harvesting corn (4 moths after applying OM). Soil OM content as well as soil aggregate stability (AS) and several other soil physical properties wer analysed in laboratory. The results showed that soil OM content and AS increased after one planting period. Besides that, soil physical properties were also improved. As soil physical properties became better, corn production was also higher at plot with than without OM application. Among 3 species of OM added, Tithonia diversifolia gave highest corn biomass. Level of land slope (0-8% dan 15-30%) did not show significant difference either for biomass or for soil OM content and soil AS.Key Words: marginal soil, green manure, soil aggregate stability, soil organic matter

KAJIAN SIFAT FISIKA TANAH DAS SUMPUR BAGIAN HULU KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita; Asmar Asmar; Aulia Rahman
Jurnal Solum Vol 4, No 1 (2007): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

A research about study of soil physical properties in upper part of Sumpur Watershed in Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra was conducted in 2005. The objective of the research was to supply information about soil physical properties in the upper part of Sumpur watershed. These data are important to predict the erosion that can happen in that area and the impact to the surrounding area. Survey method with purposive random sampling was employed to this research for sampling soil in the field. Soil was sampled from each land use randomly. There were four types of land use found in the area, those were forest, mixed wood, annual season crops, and rice field. Based on field observation it was found that there were two classes of soils there, Andisols and Inceptisols. The results of laboratory analyses showed that soil texture in Andisols was silt loam, it was the same for each land use. Soil texture in Inceptisols, however, was finer than that in Andisols, it was clay. Bulk volume and total pores of both Andisol and Inceptisol for each land use were not yet different from those in the forest land use. Then, the value for plant available water, drainage pores, and water retaining pores in each land use for both soils were still comparable to those in forest and use. However, soil organic carbon (OC) content tended to decrease as land use change from forest to mixed wood, annual season crops, and rice field at both soils except for mixed wood land use in Inceptisol. The soil OC in that land use was slightly higer than that in the forest. Key Words: land use, soil OC, soil physical properties

KLASSIFIKASI BAHAN ORGANIK TANAH BUKIT PINANG-PINANG KAWASAN HUTAN HUJAN TROPIK GUNUNG GADUT PADANG Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita; Asmar Asmar; Mimien Harianti; Suci Betrianingrum
Jurnal Solum Vol 6, No 2 (2009): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

A research about soil organic matter (SOM) classification based on the density was conducted for soil in Bukik Pinang-Pinang region. The objective of this research was to identify whether the SOM in Pinang-Pinang area, having very high annual rainfall, was mostly particulate or had been associated with mineral particles. Soils were sampled at three different land use, forest, bush, and mixed wood land on 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm soil depth. Soil organic matter was classified into 2 classes, < 1.0 g cm-3 and ≥ 1.0 g cm-3 by using pure aquadest. Total and fractionated SOM samples were analyzed by using Walkley and Black method in soil laboratory, Agriclculture College, Andalas University. The result showed that, among the three land use surveyed, mixed wood land use gave the highest SOM, then followed by bush land. Soil OM content in forest ecosystem was much lower than the other two land use for the whole depth. Based on the density, SOM particulate was higher on the soil surface and decrease by depth in each land use. Among the ecosystem, SOM under forest was less associated with soil particles than that under bush and mixed wood land. Key Words: SOM-light fraction, SOM-heavy fraction, land use

PEMETAAN BEBERAPA CIRI KIMIA TANAH DI NAGARI SITIUNG KECAMATAN SITIUNG KABUPATEN DHARMASRAYA Gunadi Gunadi; Juniarti Juniarti; Gusnidar Gusnidar
Jurnal Solum Vol 14, No 1 (2017): JURNAL SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Sitiung located in Dharmasraya, West Sumatera has 5804.3 haarea which was dominated by smallholder agriculture. The soil chemical properties in Sitiung village were often analysed by some scientists, but there was no map yet provided for the soil properties information. The purpose of the study was to determineand tocreate mapofsomesoil chemical characteristics in Sitiung Village, Sitiung District, Dharmasraya Regency. The study was conducted using a survey method, as well as spatial data analysis model. Soil sampling were taken in purposive random sampling under several land units (LU), the land units (LU) were limited by soil order, slopes, and land use. LU 1: Ultisols, flat, mixed garden; LU 2: Ultisols, flat, rice; LU 3: Entisols, flat, rice; LU 4: Entisols, flat, mixed garden; LU 5: Entisols, mild, shrubs; LU 6: Oxisols, mild, shrubs; LU 7: Entisols, mild, oil palm; LU 8: Entisols, flat, oil palm; LU 9: Oxisols, mild, oil palm; LU 10: Oxisols, flat, oil palm; LU 11: Ultisols, mild, oil palm; LU 12: Oxisols, steep, oil palm. Parameters analysed were pH, Al-exchangable, organic-C, total-N, P-available, CEC, and base saturation. The spatial data analysis and data processing were used to transform soil analysis results into a thematic soil map.The result showed that the highest pH value was 5.76 (slightly acid) found in LU 3, and the lowest pH value was 4.37 (highly acid) in LU 10. The highest Al-exchangable was 9.72 cmol/kg in LU 6, while the lowest value was 0.92 cmol/kg in LU3. Furthermore, the highest value oforganic-C was 3.12 % (high) in LU 2, and the lowest was 1.78 % (low) in the LU 6. The total-N content wasmedium. The highest content of P-available was 14.7 ppmin LU 10, and the lowest was 7.93 ppm (low) in the LU 4. The highest CEC was 12.74 cmol/kg (low) and the lowest was 4.70 cmol/kg (very low) in LU 7. The basic cation content was found to be low to moderate.Keyword: Land Unit, Sitiung Village, Soil chemical properties, Thematic soil map

KAJIAN SIFAT FISIKA TANAH PADA BERBAGAI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI DAERAH GUNUNG TANDIKEK, KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN Burhanuddin Burhanuddin; Yulinar Zubaidah; Amrizal Saidi; Del Yunita
Jurnal Solum Vol 7, No 2 (2010): JURNAL SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The research was conducted in Tandikek mountain region, Padang Pariaman District, then at soil laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University as well as at physical and soil mineralogy laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Jambi University from October 2002 to February 2003. The research was designed in the form of field survey. Determination of the location was based on the land uses. There were 5 land use types, those were mixture farm, paddy soil, secondary forest, cinnamon, and coconut. The results showed that physical nature of soil under mixture farm, paddy soil, secondary forest, cinnamon, and coconut varied at texture (dusty plates), organic contents (high-very high), slowly drainage pore (PDL) and pore of water available (PAT) which were not significantly different among the five land uses. Permeability of total pore space (TRP) and fast drainage pore (PDC) were high at land use of cinnamon and not significantly different at land uses of paddy soil, secondary forest, and coconut. Key word : soil physical characteristics, land uses.

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Agustian

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agustian@agr.unand.ac.id

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redaksisolumm@agr.unand.ac.id

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