World Chemical Engineering Journal
WCEJ publishes original papers and reviewed papers on the fundamental, theoretical as well as applications of Chemical Engineering. WCEJ is published two times a year. This journal covering some aspects of chemical engineering, which are environmental chemical engineering, chemical reaction engineering, bioprocess-chemical engineering, materials synthesis and processing.
Articles
85 Documents
<![CDATA[Engineering of Cassava Stem Cellulose As a Filler for Manufacturing Plastic Biodegradable ]]>
<![CDATA[Febrianti, Tika]]>;
<![CDATA[Septiriana, Irene]]>;
<![CDATA[Ariyanto, Verananda Kusuma]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizky, Renaldy]]>
<![CDATA[ World Chemical Engineering Journal VOLUME 1 NO. 5 DECEMBER 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa ]]>
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DOI: 10.62870/wcej.v1i5.1995
<![CDATA[Biodegradable plastic is intensely researched in recently years. Out of many findings, one good finding suggests that lignocellulosic may prove to be one of the most useful alternatives to renewable environmental friendly sources. Cassava stems contain a 56.86 % cellulose. Cellulose from lignocellulosic material has a great impact to strengthen the mechanical properties of biodegradable plastic. Because cellulose has strong and stiff properties, it can be used to produce plastic film. The addition of glycerol helps to reduce the stiff properties of plastic film. This research is purposed to improve the use of cellulose from cassava stems to be a raw material of biodegradable plastic production. There are three methods to produce plastic film: hydrolysis, delignification, and casting of plastic film. IR spectra of biodegradable plastic results a cellulose and chitosan bonding because it has an ester group at wave number 2213 cm-1. SEM analysis of the additional of glycerol cracks the surface of plastic. Degradation analysis shows the use of cellulose increases the degradation rate for bioplastic by losing the mass of sample in three weeks. Tensile strength of bioplastic is not qualified with the specification of conventional polymer but it has good elongation. Therefore, there are necessarily additional materials to increase the tensile strength of bioplastic. ]]>
<![CDATA[Potential of Microalgae as Biofuel Feedstock ]]>
<![CDATA[Dwicahyanto, Sharfan]]>;
<![CDATA[Parviana, Yunita]]>;
<![CDATA[Novtiansyah, Ditra]]>
<![CDATA[ World Chemical Engineering Journal VOLUME 1 NO. 4 JUNE 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa ]]>
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DOI: 10.62870/wcej.v1i4.1941
<![CDATA[Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganism capable to produce biomass fraction such as lipids, proteins and carbohydrates. Microalgal biomass can be converted to biofuel such as bioethanol, biodiesel and biogas. Biofuel derived from microalgae considered as third generation of biofuel. Microalgal biomass can be converted to energy by biological or chemical methods. Carbohydrate-enriched microalgal biomass can be used for bioethanol raw material. Biomass with high carbohydrate content can be made by manipulating environment factors such as cultivation medium, nutrition limitation, light intensity, salt stress, and temperatures. Biofuel derived from microalgal can replace biofuel derived from terrestrial plants because microalgal biomass has a high caloric value, low viscosity, low density, and lack of lignin that make it easy for converting it into biofuel like bioethanol]]>
<![CDATA[Economic Perspective in the Production of Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles by Co-precipitation Method ]]>
<![CDATA[Prabowo, Bagas]]>;
<![CDATA[Khairunnisa, Thiya]]>;
<![CDATA[Nandiyanto, Asep Bayu Dani]]>
<![CDATA[ World Chemical Engineering Journal VOLUME 2 NO. 2 DECEMBER 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa ]]>
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DOI: 10.62870/wcej.v2i2.4478
<![CDATA[Magnetite contains both types of iron namely ferrous and ferric, so it is usually described as IronII, III Oxide. Nano-sized Magnetite (Fe3O4) not only increases lattice parameters and unit cell volumes but also the effective area and surface area have definitely increased. Magnetite can improve the electrical properties of a polymeric material through the copolymers synthesis method. Therefore, there is a need for the feasibility study for generating industries for the production of Fe3O4 especially in the developing countries. This study aimed to evaluate the prospect for the production of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles in practical uses. This study was done to confirm whether the large-scale production of Fe3O4 is profitable or not. The evaluation was done using two types of feasibility studies: engineering analysis and economic evaluation. The estimation of the project was also completed with the calculation from ideal conditions to the worst cases of production from changes of raw material prices. The engineering analysis gave information the potential large-scale production since the process can be applied using commercially available and inexpensive apparatuses. The economic evaluation based on various economic evaluation parameters (such as gross profit margin, break-even point, payback period, etc) showed the potential profitability for the project. All evaluation parameters gave positive points. The project also used relatively inexpensive total cost of purchased equipment. Although further developments must be also added especially regarding the additional strategies to boost the profit to attract the investors, this study provides a quite promise for the possible fabrication of Fe3O4 in developing countries.]]>
<![CDATA[Effectivity Of Zeolite As An Adsorbent For Methyl Violet Adsorption ]]>
<![CDATA[Wardalia, Wardalia]]>;
<![CDATA[Septi, Dede]]>;
<![CDATA[Dewiyanti, Isna]]>;
<![CDATA[Kanani, Nufus]]>;
<![CDATA[Adiwibowo, Muhammad Triyogo]]>
<![CDATA[ World Chemical Engineering Journal VOLUME 7 NO.1 JUNE 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa ]]>
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DOI: 10.36055/wcej.v7i1.20851
<![CDATA[The textile industry in Indonesia is developing. This development aligns with the amount of waste produced, such as dyes and metal waste, which can harm the environment and must be processed. One of the waste treatment methods that can be used is adsorption using zeolite. This study aims to determine the absorption effectiveness of Bayah natural zeolite adsorbents on lead and methyl violet waste. The zeolite was mashed and uniformed in size up to 80 mesh and then washed and heated to 120℃ to remove impurities in the zeolite. Then the zeolite was activated using 1 M HCl and 1 M NaOH activators and calcined at 500 ℃ for 4 hours. This research was carried out by varying the mass of the adsorbent as much as 0.5 and 1 g and the adsorption stirring time for 30 and 60 minutes. The results show that the maximum adsorption capacity was 181.84 mg/g with an efficiency of 91% for methyl violet adsorption and 198.7 mg/g with an efficiency of 99.57% for lead adsorption. The adsorption of natural zeolite on methyl violet and lead metal followed the Langmuir isotherm pattern with adsorption capacity of 23.04 mg/g and 87.72 mg/g, respectively.]]>
<![CDATA[The Synthesis of Glutaraldehyde-modified Chitosan Utilizing MAOS (Microwave Assisted Organic Synthesis) Method as Adsorbent of Pb(II) Ions Contained in Water Sample of Cikapundung River - Bandung ]]>
<![CDATA[Herayati, Herayati]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyuningrum, Deana]]>
<![CDATA[ World Chemical Engineering Journal VOLUME 4 NO. 1 JUNE 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa ]]>
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DOI: 10.62870/wcej.v4i1.10591
<![CDATA[Indonesia has a vast territory. Approximately 2/3 of Indonesia is water. Indonesia has almost 6% of the world's water resources or approximately 21% of water resources in the Asia Pacific region. Indonesian waters comprise 97.4% seas and 2.6% are rivers, lakes and straits. There are 309 rivers in Indonesia and 49 of them flow through Bandung; one of them is Cikapundung River. Pb(II) ions contained in Cikapundung River has exceeded the quality standard of water river. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the amount of Pb(II) ions from the river. One of the solutions is by using biodegradable adsorbent, the glutaraldehyde-modified chitosan. Chitosan was obtained from deacetylation of chitin in basic condition. The chitosan was characterized using FTIR showed 85.5% degrees of deacetylation. The other characterization is determination of average molecular mass using Ostwald viscometry method, obtained the average molecular mass of chitosan is 2.7 x 106 g/mol. Furthermore, chitosan was modified by reacting with glutaraldehyde using MAOS (Microwave Assisted Organic Synthesis) method at 80℃ with irradiation power of 100 W for 60 minutes to form glutaraldehyde-modified chitosan with 79% degree of substitution. The synthesized glutaraldehyde-modified chitosan was characterized by FTIR, SEM, SAA and applied as adsorbent of Pb(II) ions. The results showed that the optimum condition of adsorption for 15 mL of Pb(II) solution was achieved at pH 4 using 0.075 grams of adsorbent and 90 minutes of contact time. The adsorption process of Pb(II) ions follows the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second order kinetics with percent adsorption of Pb(II) ions from the water sample of Cikapundung river is 84% and 50.2%, for sample collected from middle-stream and downstream of river, respectively.]]>
<![CDATA[Analysis of Characteristics of S45C Steel Changes due to the Quenching and Tempering Process ]]>
<![CDATA[Golwa, Gian Villany]]>;
<![CDATA[Romahadi, Dedik]]>;
<![CDATA[Arwati, I Gusti Ayu]]>
<![CDATA[ World Chemical Engineering Journal VOLUME 6 NO. 2 DECEMBER 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa ]]>
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DOI: 10.36055/wcej.v6i2.17611
<![CDATA[S45C steel has a carbon content of 0.50% and its classified as medium carbon steel. The main element content of S45C is carbon (C) is 0.50%, sulphur (S) is 0.035%, and manganese (Mn) is 0.80%. Tempering is a heat treatment process in which the hardening or normalizing process was previously carried out on steel. The research method was carried out where the steel was heated below the critical temperature and cooled. Quenching is a process of rapidly cooling the material from austenitizing from a temperature range of 815 °C to 870 °C for steel. S45C steel was quenched at 950 °C for 120 minutes, then tempered at 700 °C, and 500 °C for 120 minutes. The raw material sample (without heat treatment) is the initial reference standard among the samples undergoing the heat treatment process. They are then analyzed, and the influence and changes in the characteristics after that. In addition, changes in mechanical properties due to the heat treatment process experienced by S45C steel use tensile tests, Charpy impact tests, hardness tests and microstructures. The research results on the quenching process sample were tempered at a temperature of 500 °C and held for 120 minutes, increasing tensile strength by 17.1% and yield strength of 56.82%.]]>
<![CDATA[Sensors and Mini Photocatalytic Reactor as a Tool for Measure CO2 Gas from the Degradation of the Detergent Active Compound ]]>
<![CDATA[Maryani, Yeyen]]>;
<![CDATA[Ruhiat, Yayat]]>;
<![CDATA[Oktarisa, Yuvita]]>
<![CDATA[ World Chemical Engineering Journal VOLUME 5 NO. 2 DECEMBER 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa ]]>
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DOI: 10.62870/wcej.v5i2.12289
<![CDATA[This study aims to test the performance and feasibility of new tools and methods for analysis of detergent based on the photocatalytic degradation of LAS and ABS, which is a detergent active compound. Testing is done by measuring the CO2 gas formed from the degradation at every one-hour for five hours of reaction. The results of the determination of analytical parameters are as follows, sensitivity: 0.394 to 0.460, the limit of detection: 0.16 mg/L, accuracy: 0.94% to 12.88% and punctilio: 0.12% to 0.14%, the range of linearity: 0.4 mg/L to 2 mg/L. Results of calibration using standard solutions obtained regression equation y = 1.033 x - 77.713 with R2 = 0.988, indicating that the instrument has been calibrated and fit for use for the analysis of LAS and ABS with concentrations above or equal to 25 mg/L. The test results showed that the developed method is practical, effective and efficient.]]>
<![CDATA[Optimization of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Bagasse (Saccharum officinarum) by Acid Hydrolysis ]]>
<![CDATA[Prayoga, Wahyu Nur Alfath]]>;
<![CDATA[Aziz, Adit Abdul]]>;
<![CDATA[Syahrir, Adam]]>;
<![CDATA[Pitaloka, Alia Badra]]>
<![CDATA[ World Chemical Engineering Journal VOLUME 7 NO. 2 DECEMBER 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa ]]>
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DOI: 10.36055/wcej.v7i2.23125
<![CDATA[Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is a compound produced from refining alpha cellulose with excessive amounts of acidic minerals that has a white visual color, odorless and biodegradable. MCC is often used as an excipient in the pharmaceutical and food industries. This study aimed to determine the content of alpha cellulose from bagasse with varying concentrations of nitric acid and the highest degree of crystallinity produced from microcrystalline cellulose. The research began with drying and smoothing bagasse. Then, the bagasse was delignified using HNO3 solution with a concentration of 5%, 7.5% and 10%, followed by NaOH solution. The sample obtained was bleached using NaClO solution to obtain alpha cellulose. Then, alpha cellulose was hydrolyzed using HCl solution to obtain microcrystalline cellulose. The purity of alpha cellulose with nitric acid concentrations of 5%, 7.5%, and 10% was 37.63%, 32.48%, and 23.73%, respectively, and the highest crystallinity produced was 67.45% in MCC HNO3 10%.]]>
<![CDATA[THE EFFECT OF NAOH CATALYST RATIO ON MANUFACTURING BIODISEL FROM OFFGRADE CPO ]]>
<![CDATA[Hartono, Rudi]]>;
<![CDATA[Muklis, Muklis]]>;
<![CDATA[Pamungkas, Wisnhu]]>
<![CDATA[ World Chemical Engineering Journal VOLUME 4 NO. 2 DECEMBER 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa ]]>
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DOI: 10.62870/wcej.v4i2.10595
<![CDATA[Biodiesel is a type of alternative diesel fuel derived from plant oils or animal fats produced through the transesterification process. Previous biodiesel studies have stated that esterification reactions are carried out when the content of free fatty acids in vegetable oil raw materials is greater than 2%. If the content of free fatty acids is smaller than 2% then the process of transesterification reaction is carried out. The research aims to find out the optimum operating conditions of biodiesel manufacturing with low grade CPO raw materials using the esterification and transesterification process. The research began with the analysis of low grade CPO raw materials, then carried out the esterification process with the H2SO4 catalyst and continued the transesterification process with NaOH catalyst. Fixed variables in the study were oil volume, 1% of H2SO4 catalyst, mole ratio of oil and methanol 1:6, reaction time and reaction temperature of 60 oC. The fixed variables in the study were NaOH catalyst ratios in the transesterification process of 0.5%, 1% and 1.5%. The oil obtained is analyzed the content of free fatty acids, density, viscosity, and water content. The results of the study obtained the physical and chemical properties of low grade CPO, namely water content 0.042% and free fatty acids 49.03. Optimum operating conditions are obtained with a catalyst ratio of NaOH of 1% with a methyl ester yield of 60.80%. The resulting methyl ester has a viscosity value of 5,381 cSt, a density of 870 kg/m3, an acidic content of 0.11 and a water content of 0.028.]]>
<![CDATA[Characteristics of Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) at The Waste Processing Facility (WPF) of The Faculty of Engineering, Untirta ]]>
<![CDATA[Suhendi, Endang]]>;
<![CDATA[Heriyanto, Heri]]>;
<![CDATA[Jundika, Paerus]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizkiantika, Natasya]]>
<![CDATA[ World Chemical Engineering Journal VOLUME 7 NO.1 JUNE 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa ]]>
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DOI: 10.36055/wcej.v7i1.20614
<![CDATA[Landfill in Cilegon City has an impact on the environment, so processing is needed, one of which is converting waste into RDF fuel. The conversion of waste into RDF provides benefits by reducing the amount of waste sent to landfills and utilizing renewable energy as fuel. The composition of mixed materials in RDF has potential characteristics that affect the quality of the resulting RDF. The study objective is to study the effect of the composition of a mixture waste of organic (leaves) and LDPE plastic on the characteristics of RDF. The research was conducted with composition ratios of organic waste (leaves) and LDPE plastic waste at 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, and 80:20 (% wt.). The results showed that the optimal RDF product was produced with a composition of 85:15 and with the addition of 10% starch. These results indicate the characteristics of RDF, including an ash content of 14.681%, moisture content of 11.215%, volatile matter of 54.465%, fixed carbon of 19.469%, calorific value of 4598.017%, bulk density of 0.706 g/cm3, and compressive strength of 6.69 kg/cm2. It has the potential to be a good alternative for using RDF as fuel in boilers.]]>
