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Published by Universitas Padjadjaran

ISSN : 23375701 EISSN : 2337 5701 DOI : -

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Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (IJCP) is a scientific publication on all aspect of clinical pharmacy. It published 4 times a year by Clinical Pharmacy Master Program Universitas Padjadjaran to provide a forum for clinicians, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking and a more collaborative approach in patient care. Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy is intended to feature quality research articles in clinical pharmacy to become scientific guide in fields related to clinical pharmacy. It is a peer-reviewed journal and publishes original research articles, review articles, case reports, commentaries, and brief research communications on all aspects of Clinical Pharmacy. It is also a media for publicizing meetings and news relating to advances in Clinical Pharmacy in the regions.

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Drug Use Evaluation on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Nephropathy Inpatients in One of Hospitals in Tasikmalaya Najiah R. Nisa; Muharram Priatna; Yedy P. Sukmawan
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 7, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a degenerative disease and approximately 50% of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) of more than 20 years’ duration also have diabetic nephropathy (DN). T2DM accounts for significant morbidity and mortality, however appropriate treatment can reduce the events. The objective of the study was to evaluate of drug use in inpatient T2DM and DN. This was a cross-sectional study with concurrent data retrieval on T2DM and DN inpatients in the period of March–June 2017 in one of hospitals in Taskimalaya, Indonesia. Forty-six patients were included in the study, of which 25 patients had T2DM and 21 had DN. The result of this study showed that appropriateness of drug selection reached 100% and 85.6% in T2DM and DN inpatients, respectively. Inappropriateness of drugs selection includes selection of ketorolac, ranitidine, folic acid, amlodipine and potassium containing drugs. Doses accuracy of T2DM patients reached 100% and of DN inpatients reached 92.1%. The inaccuracy of doses was due to the lack of dose adjustment to estimated glomerulus filtration rate (eGFR) level in each patient. Drugs interaction analysis showed a potential drug interaction on DN and T2DM which devided into major (13.8%; 7.2%), moderate (64.1%; 58%) and minor (22,1%; 34.8%). Based on the result, it is found an inappropriate drug selection and an inaccuracy of dose in DN patients, and a high percentage of drugs interaction on moderate classification in both diseases. It is necessary to optimize the role of pharmacist as a part of the healthcare team in the patient’s room to apply medication therapy management.Keywords: Drugs use evaluation, type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic nephropathyEvaluasi Penggunaan Obat pada Pasien Rawat Inap Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dan Nefropati Diabetik di Salah Satu Rumah Sakit di TasikmalayaAbstrakDiabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) merupakan penyakit degeneratif dan sekitar 50% dari pasien yang telah menderita penyakit diabetes melitus (DM) selama lebih dari 20 tahun juga menderita penyakit nefropati diabetik (ND). Penyakit DMT2 dan nefropati diabetik mengakibatkan tingginya angka morbiditas dan mortalitas. Akan tetapi, penatalaksanaan terapi yang tepat dapat menurunkan kejadian tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan evaluasi penggunaan obat pada pasien rawat inap dengan penyakit DMT2 dan ND. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional dengan pengambilan data secara konkuren terhadap pasien rawat inap DMT2 dan ND pada periode Maret–Juni tahun 2017 di salah satu rumah sakit di Tasikmalaya, Indonesia. Empat puluh enam pasien diikutsertakan, dengan 25 pasien menderita penyakit DMT2 dan 21 pasien menderita ND. Dari hasil penelitian ini, diperoleh ketepatan penggunaan obat pada penderita DMT2 mencapai 100% sedangkan pada penderita ND mencapai 85,6%. Ketidaktepatan pemilihan obat meliputi pemilihan ketorolac, ranitidine, asam folat, amlodipine dan kalium klorida. Ketepatan dosis pada penderita DMT2 mencapai 100%, sedangkan pada penderita ND mencapai 92,1%. Ketidaktepatan dosis disebabkan oleh tidak adanya penyesuaian dosis dengan nilai estimated glomerulus filtration rate (eGFR) terhadap pasien. Selain itu, ditemukan potensi interaksi obat pada penderita ND dan DMT2 yang diklasifikasikan ke dalam kategori mayor (13,8%; 7,2%), moderat (64,1%; 58%), dan minor (22,1%; 34,8%), secara berturut-turut. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan ketidaktepatan pemilihan obat dan ketidaktepatan dosis pada pasien ND serta tingginya persentase potensi interaksi obat, terutama kategori moderat, pada kedua penyakit. Diperlukan optimalisasi peran apoteker sebagai bagian dari tim di ruangan pasien rawat inap untuk melakukan penerapan pemantauan terapi obat.Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus tipe 2, evaluasi penggunaan obat, nefropati diabetik

Perubahan Kualitas Hidup dan Nilai CD4+ Pasien HIV/AIDS dengan Pemberian Ramuan Jamu Imunostimulan di Sragen Peristiwan R. W. Astana; Danang Ardiyanto; Tofan A. Mana
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 7, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Kualitas hidup merupakan salah satu penilaian tingkat keberhasilan suatu terapi. Kualitas hidup yang tinggi akan meningkatkan tingkat kesembuhan serta menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas penyakit. Studi ini dilakukan dalam rangka program Saintifikasi Jamu untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang ramuan jamu imunostimulan dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup penderita HIV/AIDS. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juni sampai Oktober tahun 2015 di Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS (KPA) Kabupaten Sragen. Ramuan jamu imunostimulan dapat diberikan sebagai terapi komplementer bersama terapi antiretroviral (ARV). Ramuan jamu yang digunakan adalah 14 gram rimpang temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza), 14 gram temu mangga (Curcuma mangga), dan 14 gram herba meniran (Phyllantus niruri) dalam bentuk rebusan dibandingkan plasebo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi-experimental pre dan posttest dengan total 60 subjek penderita HIV/AIDS di Sragen. Intervensi dilakukan selama 28 hari dengan mengamati skor World Health Organization Quality of Life-HIV BREF (WHOQOL-HIV BREF) dan nilai CD4+. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ramuan jamu imunostimulan menaikkan rata-rata skor WHOQOL-HIV BREF pada domain psikologi, kemandirian, dan kesehatan umum secara bermakna (p=0,014; 0,030; 0,003) dan mempertahankan nilai CD4+ subjek ramuan jamu. Ramuan jamu memberikan perubahan terhadap kualitas hidup subjek terutama pada domain psikologi, kemandirian, dan kesehatan umum serta mempertahankan nilai CD4+.Kata Kunci: CD4+, kualitas hidup, ramuan jamu Changes in Quality of Life and CD4+ Value on HIV/AIDS Patients with Immunostimulant Herb Formula in Sragen RegencyAbstractQuality of life is one of parameters to assess a theurapetic goal. Higher quality of life will increase percentage of survival as well as decrease morbidity and mortality of disease. This study was a part of Saintifikasi Jamu program, and aimed to provide information about efficacy of immunostimulant herb formula in improving quality of life HIV/AIDS patients. Immunostimulant jamu formula was given as complementary therapy along with antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. The jamu formula consisted of 14g java turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) rhizome, 14g mango turmeric (Curcuma mangga) rhizome, and 14g meniran (Phyllantus niruri) herbs. The jamu formula was given for 28-day intervention and compared with placebo. This research was conducted on June–October 2015 at National AIDS Commission of Sragen Regency, Central Java. This study used quasi experimental pre and posttest method, involving 60 participants whom diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Sragen Regency. The results showed that the immunostimulant jamu formula increased the mean scores of World Health Organization Quality of Life-HIV BREF (WHOQOL-HIV BREF) in psychology, independence, and general health domain significantly (p=0.014; 0.030; 0.003) and maintained the CD4+ values. Immunostimulant jamu formula changes the quality of life of subjects especially in the domain of psychologyindependence, and general health, and can maintain the CD4+ values.Keywords: CD4+, jamu formula, quality of life

Efek Samping Obat Antituberkulosis Kategori I dan II Pasien Tuberkolosis Paru Dewasa di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Elsa P. Pratiwi; Enny Rohmawaty; Iceu D. Kulsum
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 7, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Terapi tuberkulosis (TB) menggunakan beberapa antibiotik yang sering diberikan dalam Kombinasi Dosis Tetap (KDT) kategori I dan II berdasarkan Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS). Kombinasi berbagai jenis obat antituberkulosis (OAT) dan durasi terapi yang lama bisa menimbulkan efek samping. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran dan frekuensi efek samping OAT kategori I dan II. Penelitian cross-sectional ini mengambil data dari rekam medis pasien TB paru dewasa di Klinik DOTS Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, Indonesia, pada periode Juli 2015–Juni 2016. Data yang diambil adalah jenis TB, jenis OAT, efek samping dan waktu kemunculan efek samping. Dari 178 pasien, 27 pasien (15,2%) mengalami efek samping. Jumlah pasien dengan OAT kategori I yang mengalami efek samping sebanyak 22 pasien, sedangkan OAT kategori II sebanyak 5 pasien. Efek samping terbanyak adalah hepatotoksisitas. Efek samping di kategori I paling banyak adalah hepatotoksisitas (52%) sedangkan di kategori II frekuensinya sama yaitu 20% yang terdiri dari hepatotoksisitas, gangguan gastrointestinal, ruam dan gatal, gangguan neurologi dan gagal ginjal. Efek samping pada kategori I banyak terjadi di bulan pertama (48%), sedangkan kategori II banyak terjadi di bulan pertama dan kedua yang masing-masing adalah 40%. Efek samping tidak berhubungan dengan usia dan jenis kelamin (nilai p>0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah kejadian efek samping OAT kategori I dan II bervariasi dan terdapat 27 pasien yang mengalami satu atau lebih efek samping dengan efek samping terbanyak adalah hepatotoksisitas.Kata Kunci: Efek samping, obat antituberkulosis, tuberkulosis paru Adverse Reactions of Category I and II Regimens of Anti-tuberculosis Drugs among Adult Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Hasan Sadikin General HospitalAbstractAnti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT) with multiple antibiotics, administered as category I and II regimens fixed dose combination (FDC) which based on Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) is commonly used. Since the process of this treatment is long-term and consists of multidrug, adverse reaction may occur. The aim of this study was to find the description and frequency of adverse reactions during the therapy of category I and II regimens of ATT. This cross-sectional study used data which was taken from adult pulmonary TB medical record at DOTS clinic of Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, in the period of July 2015–June 2016. The data consisted of type of TB, drug choice, adverse effect and the time of emergence. Among 178 patients, 27 patients (15.2%) experienced adverse effects which consisted of 22 patients in category I regimens and 5 patients in category II regimens. The majority of adverse effects is hepatotoxicity. Adverse effects occurred in category I regimens mostly was hepatotoxicity (52%) and in category II regimens were hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal disorder, skin reactions, neurological disorder and renal failure, with each frequency was 20%. Adverse effects in category I regimens mostly occurred in first month (48%) and in category II regimens mostly occurred in first and second month, with both frequencies were 40%. Side effects were not related to age and sex (p-value >0.05). The conclusion of this study is there were various pattern of adverse reactions of category I and II regimens of ATT. A total of 27 patients experienced one or more adverse reactions, the most frequent reaction was hepatotoxicity.Keywords: Adverse effects, anti-tuberculosis drugs, pulmonary tuberculosis

Acute Iron Dextran Injection Increases Liver Weight and Reduces Glycerol Kinase Expression in Liver Ramdan Panigoro; Fadhal M. Ahmad; Uni Gamayani; Neni Anggraeni; Rini Widyastuti; Mohammad Ghozali; Mas Rizky A.A Syamsunarno
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 7, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Iron is essential and needed in a very small amount. When iron exceeds normal need, metabolic alteration occurs, causing hepatosteatosis. The mechanism of iron inducing hepatosteatosis remains unclear. Glycerol kinase, the enzyme responsible in triglyceride synthesis initiation, is assumed to have a role in the pathomechanism of hepatosteatosis. This study aimed to investigate the gene expression of glycerol kinase in an acute iron overload condition. This study was conducted in Animal Laboratory Faculty of Medicine and Central Laboratory Universitas Padjadjaran from May to June 2017. Three groups of mice were divided by the dose of iron dextran injection (0, 0.1, 0.3 mg/day/mice). After 19 days, mice were terminated, liver weight was measured and glycerol kinase gene expression in the liver was determined by semi-qualitative PCR. Quantification of PCR result was calculated by ImageJ software. There was a significant change in liver weight of the mice in a dose-dependent manner of iron injection. The expression of glycerol kinase tended to decrease, but statistically insignificant. Acute iron dextran injection increases liver weight and tends to reduce glycerol kinase gene expression in mice liver.Keywords: Glycerol kinase, hepatosteatosis, iron overload Efek Zat Besi Dosis Tinggi Akut dalam Meningkatkan Berat Organ dan Menurunkan Ekspresi Gliserol Kinase HeparAbstrakZat besi merupakan nutrien esensial dan diperlukan dalam jumlah yang sangat kecil. Ketika kadar zat besi melebihi kadar normal dalam tubuh, terjadi perubahan metabolisme yang menyebabkan hepatosteatosis. Mekanisme zat besi dalam menyebabkan hepatosteatosis masih belum diketahui secara pasti. Gliserol kinase, enzim yang menginisiasi sintesis trigliserida, diduga berperan dalam patomekanisme hepatosteatosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti ekspresi gen gliserol kinase pada hepar pada kondisi tinggi zat besi akut. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Hewan Fakultas Kedokteran dan Laboratorium Sentral Universitas Padjadjaran dari bulan Mei sampai dengan Juni 2017. Tiga kelompok mencit dibagi berdasarkan dosis injeksi iron dextran intraperitoneal (0, 0,1, 0,3 mg/hari/ekor). Setelah 19 hari, mencit diterminasi, berat hepar ditimbang dan ekspresi gen gliserol kinase diukur dengan metode semi-kualitatif PCR. Kuantifikasi hasil PCR dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi ImageJ. Terdapat peningkatan berat hepar secara signifikan yang sejalan dengan dosis ijeksi zat besi. Ekspresi gen gliserol kinase cenderung menurun, meskipun secara statistik tidak signifikan. Keadaan tinggi kadar zat besi yang akut meningkatkan berat hepar dan cenderung menurunkan ekspresi gen gliserol kinase pada hepar mencit.Kata kunci: Gliserol kinase, hepatosteatosis, zat besi berlebih

Kajian Penggunaan Antihipertensi pada Pasien Strok di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSU Anutapura Palu Tahun 2017 Joni Tandi; Dian S. Waruwu; Ayu Martina
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 7, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Strok adalah gangguan serebrovaskular yang sering menyebabkan kerusakan yang luas dan jangka panjang pada kesehatan pasien. Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko terpenting untuk strok. Pengobatan hipertensi tidak dilakukan dalam jangka pendek, oleh sebab itu, dibutuhkan perhatian khusus untuk penatalaksanaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji jenis maupun golongan obat antihipertensi yang digunakan pada pasien strok dalam hubungannya dengan potensi terjadinya drug related problems (DRPs) terkait pemilihan obat dan dosis antihipertensi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data secara prospektif pada periode September–Desember tahun 2017 yang didasarkan pada catatan rekam medis pasien strok di instalasi rawat inap RSU Anutapura Palu. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian terhadap 32 pasien strok menunjukkan penggunaan jenis dan golongan antihipertensi terbanyak yaitu amlodipin yang termasuk golongan calcium channel blocker (CCB) sebanyak 28 pasien (56%), captopril yang termasuk golongan angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor sebanyak 6 pasien (12%), candesartan yang termasuk golongan angiotensin receptor blocker sebanyak 5 pasien (10%), nikardipin sebanyak 3 pasien (6%) dan diltiazem sebanyak 4 pasien (8%) yang termasuk golongan CCB. Adapun DRPs yang ditemukan terkait pemilihan obat dan dosis antihipertensi pada pasien strok yaitu adanya obat antihipertensi yang tidak tepat sebanyak 6 pasien (18,75%) dan adanya dosis terlalu tinggi sebanyak 9 pasien (28,12%). Diharapkan apoteker dapat berperan dalam mengidentifikasi adanya kemungkinan DRPs penggunaan antihipertensi pada pasien strok untuk meminimalkan persentase kejadian.Kata kunci: Antihipertensi, drug related problems (DRPs), hipertensi, strok Study of Antihypertensive Use in Stroke Patients at Inpatient Installation of Anutapura General Hospital Palu in 2017AbstractStroke is a cerebrovascular disorder that often causes extensive and long-term damage to the patient’s health. Hypertension is the most important risk factor for stroke. Treatment of hypertension is not done in the short term, therefore special attention is needed for its management. This study aimed to examine the types and classes of antihypertensive drugs used in stroke patients in relation to the potential occurrence of drug related problems (DRPs) related to drug selection and antihypertensive doses. This research was a descriptive research with prospective data collected from September-December 2017 based on the medical record of stroke patient at inpatient installation of Anutapura General Hospital Palu. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique which fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The results of the study of 32 stroke patients showed that the highest use of antihypertensive type and class are amlodipine as many as 28 patients (56%) with class of calcium channel blocker (CCB), captopril 6 patients (12%) with class of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, candesartan 5 patients (10%) with class of angiotensin receptor blocker, nicardipin 3 patients (6%) and diltiazem 4 patients (8%) with class of CCB. The DRPs that were found to be related to drug selection and antihypertensive doses in stroke patients were due to the presence of inappropriate antihypertensive drugs found in 6 patients (18.75%) and the number of high doses in 9 patients (28.12%). The role of pharmacists is intended for identifying the possibility of DRPs for antihypertension in stroke patients to minimize the percentage of events.Keywords: Antihypertensive, drug related problems (DRPs), hypertension, stroke

Pengaruh Patient Decision Aid terhadap Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, dan Tekanan Darah Pasien Hipertensi di UPTD Puskesmas Tabanan III Ni Made Maharianingsih; Abdul Rahem; Lisa Aditama
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 7, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Prevalensi pasien hipertensi semakin meningkat dan salah satu penyebab utamanya adalah faktor perilaku. Perubahan perilaku dan outcome terapi hipertensi dapat dilakukan oleh apoteker melalui edukasi dengan metode knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP). Teori perilaku yang sesuai untuk mengukur perubahan perilaku dalam diri pasien adalah health belief model (HBM). Sarana edukasi yaitu patient decision aid (PDA) berupa booklet digunakan untuk mengedukasi pasien hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbedaan KAP dan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi sebelum dan sesudah mendapatkan intervensi PDA. Metode penelitian pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest melibatkan 55 pasien hipertensi berusia 18–65 tahun peserta Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan yang berobat di UPTD Puskesmas Tabanan III, Bali, Indonesia, pada bulan Agustus–Oktober 2017. Setiap pasien memperoleh satu kali edukasi melalui PDA berupa booklet disertai komunikasi interaktif kemudian KAP diukur melalui kuesioner KAP yang tervalidasi dan diukur tekanan darah pre-post. Kuesioner KAP dibuat berdasarkan konstruk HBM. Diperoleh hasil yaitu perbedaan practice pasien hipertensi (p<0,05) pada perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barrier, cues to action; terdapat perbedaan attitude dan practice (p<0,05) pada self-efficacy; terdapat perbedaan KAP (p<0,05) dari segi perceived benefit serta terdapat perbedaan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik pasien (p<0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan knowledge, attitude, practice dan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas pre-post studi.Kata kunci: Booklet, HBM, hipertensi, KAP, PDA, tekanan darahInfluence of Patient Decision Aid to Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Blood Pressure of Hypertensive Patient in a Primary Health Care Tabanan IIIAbstractThe prevalence of hypertensive patients is increasing and one of the main causes is behavior factor. Appropriate method of behavioral theory for measuring behavioral changes in patients is health belief model (HBM). Patient decision aid (PDA) in a form of booklet was used to educate hypertensive patient. The aim of this research was to know the difference of knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) and blood pressure of hypertensive patient before and after getting PDA intervention. The method used was pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest study involving 55 hypertensive patients aged 18–65 years which were participants of The Indonesian National Health Insurance in primary health care Tabanan III, Bali, Indonesia, in the period of August–October 2017. Each subject received PDA education from booklet with interactive communication, then their KAP was measured through validated KAP questionnaire as well as pre-post blood pressure. KAP questionaire was made based on HBM’s construct. There were differences in practice of hypertensive patients (p<0.05) on HBM domain in perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barrier, and cues to action; there was a difference of attitude and practice (p<0.05) in self-efficacy; difference of KAP (p<0.05) in perceived benefit; and difference of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. It was concluded that there were differences of KAP and blood pressure of hypertensive patients in primary health care pre-post study.Keywords: Booklet, blood pressure, HBM, hypertension, KAP, PDA

Potensi Interaksi Obat pada Pasien Skizofrenia di Salah Satu Rumah Sakit Jiwa di Provinsi Jawa Barat Dwi A. Ramdini; Sri A. Sumiwi; Melisa I. Barliana; Dika P. Destiani; Ice L. Nur
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 7, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Antipsikotik merupakan terapi utama pada penyakit skizofrenia. Banyak di antara pasien skizofrenia menerima terapi kombinasi antipsikotik. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan kemungkinan timbulnya potensi interaksi obat. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi interaksi obat dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap potensi interaksi obat. Studi potong lintang dan retrospektif dilakukan pada pasien skizofrenia periode tahun 2015–2016 di salah satu Rumah Sakit Jiwa di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data rekam medik pasien pada saat pasien menjalani rawat inap. Sebanyak 92,54% pasien teridentifikasi memiliki potensi interaksi obat dengan kategori significant (78,24%), serious (9,64%) dan minor (12,11%). Potensi interaksi farmakodinamik (85%) lebih mendominasi dibandingkan farmakokinetik (15%). Hasil studi ini juga menyatakan sebanyak 35,16% pasien tidak patuh dalam menjalani terapi dan 67,03% memiliki komorbiditas berupa efek samping gejala ekstrapiramidal akibat antipsikotik. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa jumlah obat yang diresepkan, kepatuhan terapi dan komorbid (gejala ekstrapiramidal) berkaitan dengan potensi interaksi (p<0,05). Hasil ini diperkuat oleh hasil analisis regresi logistik biner yang menunjukkan bahwa jumlah obat yang diresepkan (OR=14,139; (5,887–33,957); p=0,000) dan kepatuhan (OR=2,424; (1,277–4,601); p=0,007) berhubungan signifikan terhadap potensi interaksi obat. Potensi kejadian interaksi obat pada pasien skizofrenia adalah sebesar 92,54% yang berkaitan dengan jumlah obat yang diberikan kepada pasien, dalam bentuk kombinasi terapi dan ketidakpatuhan pasien.Kata kunci: Faktor potensi interaksi obat, interaksi obat potensial, skizofrenia Potential Drug Interactions on Schizophrenic Patients at a Mental Hospitals in West Java, IndonesiaAbstractAntipsychotic is a primary therapy in schizophrenia. Many shizophrenic patients receive combination antipsychotic therapy which might lead to potential drug interactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate and identify factors associated with potential drug interactions. A cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted on schizophrenic patients in the period of 2015–2016 at one of mental hospitals in the Province of West Java, Indonesia. This study used patients’ medical record data when the patients were hospitalized. A total of 92,54% patients were identified as having potential drug interactions which categorized as significant (78.24%), serious (9.64%) and minor (12.11%). Potential pharmacodynamic interaction (85%) was more dominating than pharmacokinetic (15%). It was also found that 35.16% of patients had poor therapeutic adherence and 67.03% had comorbidities in the form of extrapyramidal symptoms due to antipsychotics. Bivariate analysis showed that the adherence medication, comorbid (syndrome extrapyramidal), and the number of prescribed were related to the number of potential drugs interaction (p-value<0.05). This result was strengthened by the result of logistic binary regression analysis which showed that the number of prescribed drugs (OR=14.139; (5.887–33.957); p=0.000) and therapy adherence (OR=2.424; (1.277–4.601); p=0.007) were significantly associated with potential drug interactions. The potential drug interaction in schizophrenic patient was 92.54% which related to a number of drugs taken by the patients in the form of combination therapy and patients’ inadherence.Keywords: Potential drug interaction, potential factors of drug interaction, schizophrenia

Pengaruh Program Terapi Rumatan Metadon untuk Mengurangi Dampak Buruk akibat Penggunaan Narkotika Julaeha Julaeha; Rustamaji Rustamaji; Nunung Priyatni
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 7, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Program Terapi Rumatan Metadon (PTRM) merupakan salah satu program pengurangan dampak buruk (harm reduction) akibat penggunaan narkotika. Tujuan dari PTRM adalah mengurangi perilaku berisiko akibat penggunaan narkotika secara suntik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh PTRM bagi pasien pengguna narkotika yang mengikuti PTRM. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober–Desember tahun 2012 di satelit pelayanan PTRM di DIY. Subjek penelitian yang dilibatkan adalah seluruh pasien aktif PTRM hingga tahun 2012 yang telah mengikuti PTRM minimal 1 bulan. Pasien yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini adalah 32 pasien. Indikator pencapaian dampak PTRM dari setiap parameter dampak PTRM yang diukur berupa persentase tidak menggunakan narkoba, penurunan penggunaan narkoba, tidak menggunakan jarum suntik, tidak menggunakan jarum suntik secara bergantian, tidak terlibat dalam tindak kriminal, berkurangnya perilaku kriminal, membaiknya status pekerjaan, membaiknya kondisi tempat tinggal, mendapatkan dukungan keluarga, dan meningkatnya dukungan keluarga. Sebanyak 97% pasien tidak menggunakan jarum suntik secara bergantian dan tidak terlibat dalam tindak kriminal sejak mengikuti PTRM. PRTM memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap pengurangan penggunaan narkotika, perilaku berisiko, dan tindakan kriminalitas, serta meningkatkan produktivitas peserta PTRM.Kata kunci: Harm reduction, metadon, narkotika, PTRM Effect of Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program for Reducing Drug Related Harm AbstractMethadone Maintenance Therapy Program (MMTP) is one of harm reduction programs which aim to reduce behavior risk due to injecting narcotics. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of MMTP on patients using narcotics who participated in MMTP. This research was a descriptive study with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in the period of October–December 2012 on the MMTP satellite services in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Subjects involved were all active MMTP patients until 2012 who had attended MMTP for at least 1 month. Thirty-two patients voluntarily participated in this study. Some indicators used to measure the impact of MMTP on patients, including a reduction in drug use, risk behavior, and crime, as well as better productivity, housing conditions, and family support. A total of 97% patients did not share needles and not involved in criminal activities since joined the MMTP. There was a significant positive relationship between MMTP services with the impact of MMTP on patients, such as reduction in drug use, risk behavior, and crime, along with increased productivity.Keywords: Drug, harm reduction, MMTP, methadone

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Contact Name
Rizky Abdulah

Contact Email
r.abdulah@unpad.ac.id

Phone
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Journal Mail Official
editorial@ijcp.or.id

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Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA