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Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
ISSN : 18296971     EISSN : 24604461     DOI : 10.20543
Core Subject : Engineering,
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik (Journal of Leather, Rubber, and Plastics) publishes original research focused on materials, processes, and waste management in the field of leather, rubber, and plastics.
Articles 781 Documents
Curing characteristics, swelling, and mechanical properties of natural rubber/nitrile butadiene rubber blends with and without compatibilizer Yuniari, Arum; Mayasari, Hesty Eka; Setyorini, Ike
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 33, No 2 (2017): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (480.493 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v33i2.3265

Abstract

The use of methyl methacrylate butadiene styrene (MBS) as a compatibilizer for natural rubber (NR) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) blends has been investigated. Research on the cure characteristics, mechanical properties, swelling, and morphology (SEM) has been conducted to determine the compatibility of NR/NBR blends in the presence of MBS. Based on the cure characteristics, it is indicated that the presence of MBS was affected significantly by maximum and minimum torque. The addition of MBS improved the mechanical properties and the oil resistance of NR/NBR blends due to the compatibility and better interfacial adhesion between rubber phases. The experiment showed that MBS loading by 2.5 phr was the optimum level for NR/NBR blends.
Kinetic analysis of thermal degradation of NR/EPDM blends with maleic anhydride as compatibilizer: The effect of the reactive accelerators Mayasari, Hesty Eka; Yuniari, Arum
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 33, No 2 (2017): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (909.586 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v33i2.3325

Abstract

Thermal characteristic is important to determine the thermal resistance of a polymer. In this work, the thermal characteristics of the NR/EPDM blends was investigated to study the storage and application condition of the blends. The NR/EPDM blends were prepared in the two-roll mill by using MAH as a compatibilizer with several types of accelerators, i.e., MBTS from thiazole group, the combination of MBTS and TMTD from thiuram group, and TBBS from sulphenamide group. This research used the thermogravimetric method with the heating rate of 10, 15, and 20ºC/min. The kinetic parameters are calculated by using Coats-Redfern equation. The degradation of NR/EPDM blends occurs in two stages (frst stage at 220-420ºC and second stage at 420-520ºC). Combination of MBTS and TMTD give higher energy activation (112.236 kJ/mol), followed by MBTS-blend (111.999 kJ/mol), and TBBS-blend (110.856 kJ/mol). Combination of MBTS and TMTD accelerator with MAH as the compatibilizer is the proper choice for NR/EPDM blends to get a good thermal stability.
MKKP Vol. 33 No. 1 (2017) Reviewer Acknowledgement Sholeh, Muhammad
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 33, No 1 (2017): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (226.675 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v33i1.3084

Abstract

Katalitik transfer hidrogenasi lateks karet alam dengan senyawa diimida pada skala semi pilot Puspitasari, Santi; Cifriadi, Adi
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 33, No 2 (2017): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (13.133 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v33i2.3327

Abstract

     Peningkatan ketahanan oksidasi termal karet alam dapat memperluas aplikasinya terutama untuk pembuatan produk karet yang diaplikasikan di luar ruangan. Karet alam tahan oksidasi termal dapat dibuat secara transfer hidrogenasi menggunakan senyawa diimida yang dihasilkan secara insitu dari oksidasi hidrasina hidrat oleh hidrogen peroksida. Pada riset ini dipelajari kondisi optimum reaksi transfer hidrogenasi lateks karet alam pada skala semi pilot berkapasitas 2,5 kg lateks pekat/batch berkatalis asam borat. Sistem kestabilan koloid lateks selama reaksi dipertahankan dengan penambahan kombinasi surfaktan anionik/nonionik. Variabel yang ditetapkan dalam reaksi meliputi suhu (40 dan 50oC) dan rasio konsentrasi hidrasina hidrat (40 dan 42,5 phr) terhadap hidrogen peroksida (30 dan 35 phr). Berdasarkan hasil analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif terhadap karet terhidrogenasi diketahui bahwa kondisi optimal reaksi transfer hidrogenasi lateks karet alam dicapai pada suhu 50oC dengan rasio konsentrasi hidrasina hidrat/hidrogen peroksida sebesar 42,5/35 phr. Pada kondisi reaksi tersebut, karet terhidrogenasi memiliki sifat ketahanan oksidasi termal yang lebih baik dibandingkan karet alam murni yang ditunjukkan dengan  wujud bertekstur kokoh, keras, dan tidak lengket, indeks ketahanan plastisitas tertinggi sebesar 38,5% dan derajat hidrogenasi sebesar 60,48%. Karet hidrogenasi tersebut juga memiliki kadar gel yang rendah sebesar 56,98%.
Acknowledgment S, muhammad
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 33, No 2 (2017): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (118.433 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v33i2.3647

Abstract

The utilization of sodium lignosulphonate extracted from Egyptian rice straw in leather tanning process Nasr, Ahmed Ibrahim; Taha, Mohamed Gaber; Yosef, Hany Y; El-Shaer, Mohamed A
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 33, No 2 (2017): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1213.188 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v33i2.3018

Abstract

Massive quantities of rice straw are burned annually in Egypt and caused environmental hazards. The present study investigated the utilization of rice straw to produce sodium lignosulphonate (SLS) as a water-soluble derivative of lignin in leather tanning and evaluate its usage as a tanning or re-tanning material as well as its effect on leather quality. The results of testing SLS as a leather tanning agent were unsatisfactory due to its slight effect on shrinkage temperature of leathers, unlike its use as a re-tanning material. Four concentrations of SLS (0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) were used in re-tanning forty of sheep wet-blues. The results showed that using SLS as a re-tanning agent with concentration till 10% from pelts weight enhances some organoleptic properties, such as fullness and general appearance together with slight improvement in physical properties of leathers. Moreover, the addition of SLS with concentration 20% led to an excessive swelling in the collagen fibers as shown from depicted scanning electron micrographs and decreased trends of physical properties.
Sheep wool-derived hydrolyzed keratin from tannery waste of the tanning industry using perhydrol Prayitno, Prayitno; Rahmawati, Dona; Griyanitasari, Gresy
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 33, No 2 (2017): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (755.388 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v33i2.3336

Abstract

Sheep wool waste discharged from leather tanning industry recently has posed a problem in relation to its treatment because of its sizeable quantity and its difficulty to degrade. Wool is composed mainly of keratin. It is a protein with a high content of disulfide bonds which cause the protein keratin cannot dissolve in water and resist of diluted acids and alkalis. Keratin can be hydrolyzed to produce keratin hydrolysates which have many benefits such as for cosmetic additives. Research into the use of waste wool of sheep originated from the sheep leather tanning industry had been performed by using a hydrolyzed system to produce protein keratin. The waste wool used came from unhairing by painting and conventional unhairing. Hydrolysis was done using hydrogen peroxide 50% amounting to 70 ml for every 40 gr of wool. Hydrogen peroxide was added to wool immersed in the 0.5 M NaOH solution for three hours. The length of hydrolysis ranged from 4, 5, to 6 hours and the mix was stirred shortly every 1 hour followed by filtration using a coarse sieve. To precipitate the hydrolyzed keratin, the pH was decreased to 4-5 using the 2 M HCl solution and after separation of the precipitation, it was dried in the oven at a temperature not more than 50 oC for 2 days. The research findings showed that a maximum of 69.19% of keratin hydrolysates was generated using the raw material of waste wool through a conventional process with a total of hydrolysis time by 6 hours, whereas the maximum protein generated was 66.99% using waste wool through a conventional process with a total of hydrolysis time by 4 hours. The FTIR test showed the presence of groups of amides, cysteic acids, and cystine-S-monoxide.
Penelitian tentang ukuran acuan sepatu pelajar pria Indonesia tingkat SD, SLTP dan SLTA Sri bandi
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 9, No 17 (1994): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1106.5 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v9i17.414

Abstract

The study was subjected to 500 Indonesia School boy of North- Sumatra Province (Medan), West Java Province (Bandung), Central-Java Province (Semarang), East-Java Province (Surabaya) and DKI Jaya. 100 samples of foot sizes which represented foot sizes of SD, SLTP, and SLTA School boy werw taken from each province. By analyzing the data of foot sizes of the school man, a suggestion on design of shoe lasts seritable with the shape and type of foot, fits and conform the requirements to be used as lost in shoe manufacturing could be proposed. The results of data analyse shown that : 1. The length of soles ranged from 30-37 ps, the mean of which was 34 ps. 2. Instep girth ranged withim F,G,H,I,J,K. 3. The foot sizes scattered between (8-12) years of age at (31-32) ps.   INTISARI Penelitian dilaksanakan terhadap 500 pelajar pria Indonesia, meliputi wilayah Sumatera Utara (Medan), Jawa Barat (Bandung), Jawa Tengah (Semarang), Jawa Timur (Surabaya) dan DKI Jaya. Masing-masing daerah diambil 100 sample dari klas I Sekolah Dasar sampai dengan klas I Sekolah Lanjutan Tingkat Atas. Dengan mengetahui data ukuran kaki pelajar pria Indonesia, sehingga dapat disarankan bentuk desain acuan yang bagaimana yang sesuai dengan bentuk dan sifat kaki tersebut, yang enak dan tepat apabila dipergunakan untuk cetakan dalam membuat sepatu. Dari hasil analisa dapat diketahui sifat-sifat sebagai berikut : 1. Panjang telapak kaki berkisar antara 30-37 PS dengan rata-rata 34 PS. 2. Ukuran gemuk berkisar antara F,G,H,I,J,K 3. Penyebaran ukuran kaki menyebar diantara selang umur 8 – 12 tahun yaitu pada ukuran 31 – 32 PS.
Penelitian “polymer blend” high styrene rubber dengan karet alam untuk “sponnge middle sole” Penny Setyowati; Sri Nadilah; Nurwati Nurwati
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 14, No 26 (1999): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1266.523 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v14i26.303

Abstract

The objective of this research was find optimum composision of polymer blend of High Styrene Rubber (HSR) and Natural Rubber (SIR 3L) for preparation sponge middle sole that save the best fisical properties, strong, flexible, light, stable and thermoplastic properties. The formulation of rubber compound has to be researched as much as 3 formalition MS 1, MS II  and MS III with variation of SIR 3L, HSR and HAF black as follows, MS I 70-30-20 phr ; MS II 80-20-30 PHR and MS III 90-10-40 phr . From the fisical test analysis, optimum formulation to be reached at the compound formualtion  MS III with result of fisical test as follows : Tensile strength : 0.572 kg/mm2 ; Elongation at break : 204% ; Hardness share A : 55,8 : Density 0,728 gr/cm3 : Tear Resistance : 0,296 kg/mm2 and Compression Set 22,042%.  INTISARI  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan komposisi optimum “Polymer blend” dari  “High Styrene Rubber” (HSR) dengan karet alam SIR. 3L untuk pembuatan “spnge middle sole” yang memberikan  sifat-sifat fisika yang baik, kuat, lentur, ringan, stabil dan bersifat termoplastik. Formulasi kompon karet yang telah diteliti sebanyak 3 formulasi dengan variasi jumlah SIR 3l, HSR dan “HAF black” sebagai berikut :  MSI : 70-30-20 PHR : MS II = 80-20-30 phr dan MS III: 90-10-40 phr. Dari analisa uji fisika diperoleh hasil bahwa formulasi optimum dicapai pada MS III  dengan hasil uji sebagai berikut. Tegangan putus = 0,572 kg/mm2; perpanjangan putus ; 204% ; Kekerasan Share A = 5,8 ; Bobot jenis = 0,728 gr/cm2, Ketahanan Sobek = 0,296 kg/mm dan Pampat  tetap 22,042%. 
Penelitian tentang ukuran acuan sepatu pelajar wanita indonesia tingkat SD, SLTP dan SLTA Sri Bandi; Soewandi Soewandi; Dwi Asdono Basuki
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 10, No 19 (1995): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (955.317 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v10i19.433

Abstract

The study was subjected to 500 Indonesia School girls from North Sumatra Province (Medan), West Java Province (Bandung), Central – Java Province (Semarang), East-Java Province (Surabaya) and DKI Jaya. 100 samples of foot sizes which represented foot sizes of SD, SLTP and SLTA School girls werw taken from each province. By analyzing the data of foot sizes of the school girls, a suggestion on design of shoe lasts seritable with the shape and type of foot, fits and conform the requirements to be used as lost in shoe manufacturing could be proposed. The results of data analyse shown that : 1. The length of soles ranged from 30-35, 5 PS, the mean of which was 33 PS. 2. Instep girth ranged withim E, F, G, I.3. The foot sizes scattered between (4-17) years of age at (32-35) PS.    INTISARI Penelitian dilaksanakan terhadap 500 pelajar wanita Indonesia, meliputi wilayah Medan (Sumatera Utara), Bandung (Jawa Barat), Semarang (Jawa Tengah), Surabaya (Jawa Timur) dan DKI Jaya. Masing-masing daerah diambil 100 sample dari klas I Sekolah Dasar sampai dengan klas I Sekolah Lanjutan Tingkat Atas. Dengan mengetahui data ukuran kaki pelajar wanita Indonesia, sehingga dapat disarankan bentuk desain acuan yang bagaimana yang sesuai dengan bentuk dan sifat kaki tersebut, yang enak dan tepat apabila dipergunakan untuk cetakan dalam membuat sepatu. Dari hasil analisa dapat diketahui sifat-sifat sebagai berikut : 1. Panjang telapak kaki berkisar antara E, F, G, H, I. 3. Penyebaran ukuran kaki menyebar diantara selang umur 4 – 17 tahun yaitu pada ukuran 32 – 35 PS. 

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