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Journal of Aceh Physics Society
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23558229     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Physics
Focus of Journal of Aceh Physics Society (JAcPS) provides a forum for original paper works that enhances understanding of physics and their application. Scope of Journal of Aceh Physics Society (JAcPS) paper related to the development of new experimental methods, visualization techniques, material physics, optic, laser and instrumentation in physics is an important part of this journal. Experience gained and lessons learned in building test facilities and in measuring and reducing test data are important aspect of any experimental work. Authors are encouraged to report this experience and to summarize the original data. Archival review paper, short communication, invited papers, discussion of previously published papers, and book reviews are regular feature of the journal, in addition to full-length article.
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Articles 152 Documents
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Precopy Live Migration on Core Network Virtualization Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem Mizanul Ahkam; Rizal Munadi; Teuku Yuliar Arif
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 8, Number 2, May 2019
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (599.737 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v8i2.12613

Abstract

Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) merupakan suatu arsitektur topologi framework untuk mengirimkan layanan Multimedia berbasiskan IP (Internet Protocol), yang telah menjadi arsitektur framework terkemuka yang sebagai enabler dari operator untuk menawarkan layanan VoIP dan layanan multimedia. Precopy Live Migration merupakan proses migrasi yang diterapkan pada IMS dengan cara page memory pada VM ditransmisikan pada fase iterasi ketika VM sedang dalam state running pada host sumber. Kemudian VM pada sumber di suspend menggunakan fase stop-and-copy dan sisa page memory ditransmisikan menuju host tujuan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada bagaimana IMS tetap dapat melayani pada saat terjadinya migrasi. Downtime yang terlalu lama akan berakibat pada pelayanan dari servis IMS tidak maksimal. Parameter yang akan diuji adalah Downtime, Waktu Migrasi, dan Jumlah data yang di transfer. Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a framework architect topology to delivery multimedia services (Internet Protocol) based which has become the latest architect framework as operator services enabler that provide VoIP and Multimedia services. Precopy Live Migration implemented to IMS with VM’s memory pages are transmitted in the iteration phase, while the VM is still running at the source. After that, the VM is suspended in the stop- and-copy phase, and the remaining pages are transmitted to the destination. This research focused on how IMS can provide user during migration process. Longest downtime process will impact on service level to user. During migration process, Downtime, Migration Time, and Amount transferred data were evaluated. Keywords: downtime, migration, IMS, Virtual, precopy live migration 
2D Modeling of Seulawah Agam Geothermal Field Based on Magnetotelluric (MT) Data irfan Putra; Nazli Ismail; Marwan Marwan
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 8, Number 2, May 2019
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (141.752 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v8i2.12871

Abstract

Telah dilakukan pemodelan 2D data Magnetotellurik (MT) di Gunung Api Seulawah Agam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan model konseptual lapangan panas bumi Gunung Api Seulawah Agam berdasarkan model resistivitas 2D. Data fungsi transfer MT yang digunakan yaitu dari rentang frekuensi 2,34 - 320 Hz yang terdiri dari 7 titik stasiun pengukuran. Data titik pengukuran terdiri dari nilai intensitas medan listrik dan intensitas medan magnet yang memiliki 28 frekuensi. Total panjang lintasan pengukuran yaitu sepanjang 27,7 km. Lintasan pengukuran memotong Gunung Api Seulawah Agam dari arah Selatan ke Utara. Data hasil pengukuran yaitu berupa nilai resistivitas semu dan fase yang kemudian dimodelkan menggunakan kode REBOCC. Terdapat 3 model yang dihasilkan dari proses inversi data MT menggunakan REBOCC yaitu mode TE, mode TM dan mode TE+TM. Model mode TE+TM merupakan model yang paling bagus karena menghasilkan model yang lebih jelas dan smooth bila dibandingkan dengan model pada mode TE dan mode TM. Hasil model konseptual menunjukkan bahwa pada lapisan pertama yaitu lapisan top soil (lapisan teratas) memiliki nilai resistivitas sebesar 20 - 60 Ω.m, yang terdapat pada jarak 6 - 23 km. Lapisan kedua yaitu lapisan clay/caprock dengan nilai resistivitas relatif rendah yaitu lebih kecil dari 10 Ω.m, yang berada pada jarak 6 - 27,7 km. Lapisan clay/caprock memiliki sifat impermeabel dan konduktif. Selanjutnya lapisan ketiga yaitu lapisan reservoir dengan nilai resistivitas berkisar antara 10 - 100 Ω.m. 2D modeling of magnetotelluric data has been conducted at Seulawah Agam volcano. This study aims to obtain a conceptual model of Seulawah Agam geothermal field based on 2D resistivity model. The magnetotelluric data were measured in range of frequency from 2.34 to 320 Hz at 7 stations along a profile crossing the Seulawah Agam volcano. The length of the profile is 27.7 km with a direction from north to south. The apparent resistivity and phase of magnetotelluric transfers function were used for the 2D inversion modelling of REBOCC code. The inversion was carried out using TE-mode, TM-mode and TE+TM-mode to obtain a better model. The model inverted of TE+TM-mode has resolved well, resistivity variation of subsurface of the Seulawah Agam volcano area. The inverted model shows the top later has resistivity values from 20-60 Ω.m, which is interpreted as a top soil. The second layer is a layer of clay/caprock with a relatively low resistivity values of less than 10 Ω.m. The third layer is predicted as reservoir with resistivity values ranging between 10-100 Ω.m. Keywords: magnetotelluric method, resistivity, 2D model, REBOCC code and Volcano Seulawah Agam.
Preparation of Activated Carbon from Tea Waste by NaOH Activation as A Supercapacitor Material Eldya Mossfika; Syukri Syukri; Hermansyah Aziz
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 9, Number 2, May 2020
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v9i2.15905

Abstract

Karbon aktif dari ampas teh telah disintesis dan telah diuji sebagai elektroda superkapasitor. Pembuatan karbon aktif berdasarkan variasi rasio massa karbon dan aktivator NaOH yaitu 1:4, 1;5 % b/b yang diberi kode AC-4 dan AC-5. Sintesis elektroda karbon aktif di awali dengan proses pra-karbonisasi dan dilanjutkan dengan proses aktivasi kimia. Sampel di karbonisasi pada suhu 800 oC dengan laju kenaikan 50C/menit dalam kondisi gas inert (N2). Karbon aktif ampas teh dikarakterisasi dengan SAA (Surface Area Assessment). Sifat elektrokimia dan kinerja elektroda karbon aktif yang disintesis diukur menggunakan metode voltametri siklik dalam larutan elektrolit H2SO4 1M. Elektroda karbon aktif menunjukkan kapasitansi spesifik tertinggi pada sampel AC-4 yaitu 67 F/g dengan scan rate 1 mV/s dan luas permukaan spesifik 473 m2/g. Mengingat sifat elekrokimia yang menarik tersebut, dan banyaknya ampas teh yang mudah ditemukan disekitar kita maka elektroda karbon aktif ini berpotensi untuk bahan pembuatan superkapasitor elektrokimia skala besar di masa depan.Activated carbon from tea waste has been synthesized and has been tested as a supercapacitor electrode. Making activated carbon based on variations in the ratio of carbon mass and activator NaOH that is 1: 4, 1; 5%wt coded AC-4 and AC-5. Synthesis of activated carbon electrodes begins with the pre-carbonization process and is followed by a chemical activation process. Samples are carbonized at 800 oC with a rate of increase of 50C / min under inert gas (N2) conditions. Activated carbon of tea waste is characterized by SAA (Surface Area Assessment). The electrochemical properties and performance of the activated carbon electrode were measured using the cyclic voltammetry method in a H2SO41 M electrolyte solution. The activated carbon electrode showed the highspecific capacitance in the AC-4 sample of 67 F / g with a scan rate of 1 mV / s and surface area Specifically 473 m2 / g. Considering these interesting electrochemical properties, and the abundance of tea dregs that are easily found around us, this activated carbon electrode has the potential to be a material for making large-scale electrochemical supercapacitors in the future.Keywords:Limbah ampas teh, Aktivator, Kapasitansi spesifik, NaOH, Supekapasitor
Interpretation of Near Surface Based on the Magnetic Data at Geothermal Area, Jaboi, Sabang Dinni Mahmudi; Muhammad Isa; Didik Sugiyanto
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 8, Number 3, September 2019
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v8i3.14550

Abstract

Telah dilakukan penelitian geofisika menggunakan metode magnetik untuk mendapatkan struktur bawah permukaan di daerah prospek panas bumi Jaboi, Sukajaya, Kota Sabang. Pengukuran medan magnetik total dilakukan pada 40 titik menggunakan Proton Precession Magnetometer (PPM). Daerah Jaboi memiliki sudut inkinasi -4.416 dan deklinasi -0.875 dengan nilai medan magnetik total berkisar antara 41550 hingga 42600 nT. Untuk mendapatkan nilai anomali magnetik dilakukan koreksi diurnal dan koreksi IGRF (International Geomagnetic Reference Field). Setelah koreksi dilakukan diperoleh nilai anomali magnetik daerah panas bumi Jaboi antara -200 nT sampai dengan -950 nT. Selanjutnya hasil anomali magnetik ini digunakan dalam memodelkan struktur bawah permukaan dengan panjang lintasan 1800 m dari Tenggara-Barat Laut. Berdasarkan interpretasi data anomali magnetik menunjukkan daerah penelitian didominasi oleh anomali rendah yang berarti daerah manifestasi panas bumi. Interpretasi anomali tinggi dan rendah menunjukkan adanya patahan yang diduga sebagai patahan Ceuneuhot. Dari hasil pemodelan 2D menggunakan software Mag2DC, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 5 lapisan dengan kedalaman 0 - 1000 m. Lapisan-lapisan ini adalah soil ( = 0,00 x 10-6 SI), andesit terubah (  = 13,408 x 10-6 SI), breksi tufa terubah (  = 12,686 x 10-6 SI), andesit terubah (  = 13,423 x 10-6 SI) dan breksi andesit (  = 13,535 x 10-6 SI). Melalui pemodelan ini diyakini zona patahan adalah patahan Ceuneuhot. Geophysical reasearch by using magnetic method was done in order to obtain subsurface structure of geothermal prospect area Jaboi, Sukajaya, Sabang City. The measurement of total magnetic field was taken at 40 points using Proton Precession Magnetometer (PPM). Jaboi area has an inklination angle -4.416 and declination angle -0.875 which has total magnetic field range between 41550 to 42600 nT. Diurnal Correction and IGRF (International Geomagnetic Reference Field) correction was used to obtain magnetic anomalies. The values of magnetic anomalies in Jaboi Geothermal Area is -200 to -950 nT. The result of magnetic anomalies was used to modelled the subsurface structure with profile distance is about 1800 m from Southeast to Northwest. Based on the magnetic anomalies data, the reaserch area dominated by low anomalies that indicated geothermal manifestation area. High and low magnetic anomalies indicated a fault that estimated as Ceuneuhot fault. From the result of 2D modelling using software Mag2DC, showed that the research area consist of 5 subsurface structure from 0 – 1000 m depth. The layers are soil (  = 0.00 × 10-6 SI), altered andesite (  = 13.408 × 10-6 SI), altered breccia-tuff (  = 12.686 × 10-6 SI), altered andesite (  = 13.423 × 10-6 SI), and breccia-andesite (  = 13.535 × 10-6 SI). Also from the model was  obtained the Ceuneuhot fault zone.  Keywords: Magnetik, Anomali Magnetik, Struktur Bawah Permukaan, Panas Bumi
Study of Water Chemical Compounds at Geothermal Area: Case on Geothermal Weh Island, Jaboi Evi Yufita; Muhammad Isa; Aztarina Ermy Vijaya
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 9, Number 1, January 2020
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v9i1.15229

Abstract

Kandungan senyawa kimia air sangat berguna dalam penentuan karakteristik fluida panas bumi terutama sumbernya dan arah aliran fluida tersebut. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengkaji senyawa kimia air yang terkandung pada lapangan panas bumi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Titrasi dan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA). Pengambilan sampel air dilakukan di dua lokasi mata air panas. Untuk pengujian sampel dilakukan pada Balai Riset dan Standarisasi (Baristan) Banda Aceh. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan perbandingan kandungan kimia air, sedangkan interpretasi menggunakan diagram segitiga Ternary. Diagram segitiga ini meliputi Cl-SO4-HCO3, digunakan untuk mengetahui kandungan fuida panas bumi, Cl-Li-B digunakan untuk menentukan temperatur suatu lokasi panasbumi dan Na-K-Mg untuk mengetahui kesetimbangan lingkungan fluida panas bumi. Hasil analisis senyawa kimia air menunjukkan bahwa fluida panas bumi memiliki konsentrasi yang didominasi sulfat SO4,  Adapun nilai konsentrasi sulfat masing-masing 95% sampel I dan 97% sampel II. Kandungan kimia air ini diperkirakan berada pada zona upflow. Fluida panas bumi yang muncul ke permukaan dari dua lokasi sampel bersumber langsung dari aktivitas magma. An analysis of the flow of geothermal fluid has been carried out in the Jaboi geothermal field, Sabang. This study aims to obtain a zone of geothermal fluid flow in relation to faults/faults. This research was conducted by the titration method and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Sampling was carried out at two hot spring locations, namely crater I and crater IV. For sample testing carried out in a standardized laboratory. Data processing is done through comparison of chemical fluid content and interpretation of Ternary triangle diagrams. The triangle diagram includes Cl-SO4-HCO3, Cl-Li-B and Na-K-Mg to determine the characteristics of geothermal fluids. Based on data that has been processed and correlated with other supporting data (local geological conditions, magnetic, and temperature) shows a relationship that affects each other with the presence of faults. The analysis shows that geothermal fluid in the upflow zone is characterized by a dominant SO4 sulfate concentration (95% for sample I and 97% for sample II). In the Na-K-Mg triangle diagram, the fluid shows an immature water condition because the fluid has mixed with meteoric water. Based on the analysis of the geochemical data of the study area, it was shown that there is a connection with Ceunohot fault trending northeast to southwest as the controller of the flow of geothermal fluid.Keywords: Ternary triangle diagrams, geothermal fluid, chemical water compounds
NDVI Based Analysis on the Impact of 2004 Tsunami Disaster Recovery Toward Vegetation Condition in Banda Aceh Zinatul Hayati; Saumi Syahreza; M Syukri Surbakti
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 8, Number 3, September 2019
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v8i3.12688

Abstract

Perubahan tutupan lahan banyak terdapat di kota-kota yang sedang berkembang. Banda Aceh, Indonesia merupakan salah satu provinsi yang sudah mengalami peningkatan jumlah penduduk dan percepatan pembangunan. Pasca bencana gempa dan tsunami 2004 perubahan penggunaan dan tutupan lahan (land use and land cover change/LULC) terlihat semakin meluas, dan hal ini berdampak pada berkurangnya lahan vegetatif. Artikel ini menjelaskan cara menganalisis NDVI dengan mengunakan data citra satelit Landsat 5 dan 8 untuk mengetahui kerapatan vegetasi di wilayah Banda Aceh dengan 9 kecamatan yang diambil tahun 2004, 2009, dan 2017. Studi ini mengidentifikasi antara pola perubahan tutupan lahan dan menyelidiki dampak tsunami, sehingga banyak kehilangan vegetasi pada lingkungan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis (GIS) dimana tahap awal adalah mengumpulkan data citra satelit. Pada tahap kedua dilakukan pengolahan data menggunakan software PCI Geomatika 2016. Hasil analisa citra menjelaskan tahun 2004, 2009 dan 2017  kawasan kehijauan, masih banyak terdapat di kecamatan Lueng Bata, Ulee Kareng dan Banda Raya. Changes in land cover are often found in developing cities. Banda Aceh is one of the provinces in Indonesia that experiences an increase in the population and accelerated development. Land use and land cover (LULC) have increased dramatically since the 2004 earthquake and tsunami disaster and continued to reduce the vegetative land. This article explains how to analyze NDVI using Landsat 5 and 8 of the satellite image data. It aims to determine the vegetation density of Banda Aceh in 9 sub-districts taken in 2004, 2009 and 2017. This study identified patterns of changes in land cover and investigated the impact of the tsunami on the vegetational loss of the environment. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used in the study in which the satellite image data were collected before they were processed in the PCI Geomatika 2016 software. The results indicate that in the years of 2004, 2009 and 2017, many green areas are present in Lueng Bata, Ulee Kareng and Banda Raya sub-district. Keywords: Remote Sensing, Landsat Imagery, and NDVI
Lattice Gas Automata Applications to Estimate Effective Porosity and Permeability Barrier Model of the Triangle with a Height Variation Halauddin Halauddin; Suhendra Suhendra; Muhammad Isa
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 9, Number 2, May 2020
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v9i2.16056

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung porositas efektif (фeff) dan permeabilitas (k) menggunakan model segitiga dengan variasi tinggi yaitu 3, 4, 5, 6 dan 7 cm. Perhitungan porositas dan permeabilitas yang efektif dilakukan dengan menggunakan model Lattice Gas Automata (LGA), yang diimplementasikan dengan bahasa pemrograman Delphi 7.0. Untuk model segitiga penghalang dengan tinggi 3, 4, 5, 6 dan 7 cm, nilai porositas efektif dan permeabilitas, masing-masing: фeff (T1) = 0,1690, k (T1) = 0 , 001339 pixel2; фeff (T2) = 0,1841, k (T2) = 0,001904 pixel2; фeff (T3) = 0,1885, k (T3) = 0,001904 pixel2; фeff (T4) = 0,1938, k (T4) = 0001925 pixel2; dan фeff (T5) = 0,2053, k (T5) = 0,002400 pixel2. Dari hasil simulasi, diperoleh tinggi segitiga akan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai porositas efektif dan permeabilitas. Pada segitiga lebih tinggi, menyebabkan tabrakan model aliran fluida LGA mengalami lebih banyak hambatan untuk penghalang, sehingga porositas efektif dan permeabilitas menurun. Sebaliknya, jika segitiga lebih rendah, menyebabkan tabrakan model aliran fluida LGA mengalami lebih sedikit hambatan untuk penghalang, sehingga porositas efektif dan permeabilitas meningkat.This  research purposed to calculate the effective porosity (feff) and permeability (k) using the barrier model of the triangle with a high varying are 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 cm. Effective porosity and permeability calculations performed using the model Lattice Gas Automata (LGA), which is implemented with Delphi 7.0 programming language. For model the barrier triangle with a high of 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 cm, the value of effective porosity and permeability, respectively: feff(T1)=0,1690, k(T1)=0,001339 pixel2; feff(T2)=0,1841, k(T2)=0,001904 pixel2; feff(T3)=0,1885, k(T3)=0,001904 pixel2; feff(T4)=0,1938, k(T4)= 0001925 pixel2; and feff(T5)=0,2053, k(T5)=0,002400 pixel2. From the simulation results, obtained by the high of the triangle will be a significant effect on the value of effective porosity and permeability. If the triangle highest, causing the collision of fluid flow models LGA experience more obstacles to the barrier, so that the effective porosity and permeability decrease. Conversely, if the triangle lower, causing the collision of fluid flow models LGA experience less obstacles to the barrier, so that the effective porosity and permeability increases.Keywords: Effective porosity, permeability, model triangle, model LGA 
Effect of Stripline Number on Resonant Frequency of Hexagonal Split Ring Resonator Metamaterial Romi Fadli Syahputra; Yan Soerbakti; Riad Syech; Erman Taer; Saktioto Saktioto
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 9, Number 1, January 2020
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v9i1.15432

Abstract

Piranti-piranti elektronik maupun optoelektronik yang efisien dan responsif saat ini tengah masif dikembangkan dalam beragam bentuk dan jenis. Meta-material merupakan rancangan optoelektronik yang unik dengan sifat elektromagnetik yang tidak ditemukan secara alami, salah satunya adalah peristiwa indeks bias negatif. Eksplorasi terhadap banyak ragam struktur metamaterial sangat penting dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik tiap struktur. Salah satu struktur metamaterial yang menarik dikaji adalah bentuk heksagonal. Penelitian ini menginvestigasi karakteristik frekuensi resonan dan distribusi medan elektromagnetik metamaterial split ring resonator heksagonal (SRR-H) yang dikombinasikan dengan stripe line (SL) berupa logam tembaga. Lebih lanjut, jumlah SL divariasikan dari 0 - 5 unit dan disimulasikan dalam medium udara dalam rentang frekuensi 1 – 7,5 GHz. Hasil simulasi menunjukan adanya pergeseran frekuensi resonan untuk tiap penambahan SL dalam rentang frekuensi 4,31 – 5,82 GHz. Sebaran medan listrik cenderung terpusat pada cincin resonator sedangkan medan magnet cenderung terdistribusi pada SL. Desain metamaterial SRR-H dengan 3 SL memberikan respon disipasi energi yang terkecil dengan medan E maksimum 2,59 kV×m-1 dan medan H maksimum 8,69 A×m-1. Desain SRR-H ini cukup potensial untuk diaplikasikan sebagai antena gelombang elektomagnetik yang efisien dan juga sebagai biosensor. Efficient and responsive electronic and optoelectronic devices are currently being massively developed in various forms and types. Metamaterial is a unique optoelectronic design with electromagnetic properties that are not found naturally, one of its properties is a negative refractive index. Exploration of different types of metamaterial structures is very important to identify the characteristics of each structure. One of the interesting metamaterial structures is a hexagonal shape. This research investigates the resonant frequency characteristics and electromagnetic field distribution of split-ring resonator (SRR-H) hexagonal-shaped metamaterial which is combined with the copper stripe line (SL). Furthermore, the number of SL is varied from 0 to 5 units and simulated in the air medium in frequency range of 1 - 7.5 GHz. The simulation results show a resonant frequency shift occurred for each SL combination in the 4.31 - 5.82 GHz frequency range. The distribution of the electric field tends to be concentrated on the resonator while the magnetic field tends to be distributed on the SL. The SRR-H metamaterial with 3 SL provides the smallest energy dissipation response with a maximum E field of 2.59 kV×m-1 and a maximum H field of 8.69 A×m-1. The SRR-H design is potential enough to be applied as an efficient electromagnetic wave antenna and also as a biosensor.Keywords: Metamaterials, SRR-H, strip line, resonant frequency, electromagnetic field
Ripeness Classification of Oil Palm Fresh Fruit Bunch Using an Optical Probe Nurmaya Sari; Minarni Shiddiq; Ramma Hayu Fitra; Nadia Zakyyah Yasmin
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 8, Number 3, September 2019
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v8i3.14122

Abstract

Penggunaan spektroskopi fluoresensi yang nondestruktif bidang pertanian semakin intensif dilakukan khususnya untuk evaluasi produk pertanian. Sortasi dan grading Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) Kelapa Sawit sebelum memasuki proses produksi Crude Palm Oil sangat penting untuk memenuhi standar produksi dan ekspor. Sistem sortasi dan grading elektronik dibutuhkan untuk mengantikan metode sortasi manual mengandalkan penglihatan dan pengalaman. Pada penelitian ini probe optik yang terdiri dari laser dioda 640 nm dan dua fotodioda inframerah dalam konfigurasi triangulasi digunakan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat kematangan TBS kelapa sawit dan hubungannya dengan kekerasan buah dan tegangan fotodioda. Sampel terdiri dari 23 TBS Tenera. Buah kelapa sawit pada setiap TBS disinari laser pada tiga bagian yaitu pangkal, tengah dan ujung, setiap bagian terdiri dari tiga buah kelapa sawit. Tegangan keluaran dari kedua fotodioda dijumlahkan dan diperkuat oleh rangkaian multiboard komersial. Setelah tegangan diperoleh, ke-9 buah kelapa sawit dilepaskan dari TBS, tingkat kekerasan buah diukur mengunakan penetrometer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kematangan TBS mempunyai korelasi linier terhadap kekerasan buah dengan kekerasan yang tertinggi pada buah mentah sebesar 9,39 kg/cm2 dan terendah pada buah terlalu matang sebesar 5,64 kg/cm2. Nilai tegangan rata-rata terkecil pada buah mentah dan tertinggi pada buah matang kemudian turun pada buah lewat matang. Hasil K-means clustering menunjukkan pengelompokan 4 tingkat kematangan berdasarkan nilai kekerasan dan tegangan yaitu F0, F1, F2, dan F3. Applications of nondestructive fluorescence spectroscopy in agriculture have been intensively carried out especially to evaluate agriculture products. Sorting and grading oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB) before Crude Palm Oil milling processes are important tasks to meet the production and export standards. Electronic systems for sorting and grading of FFBs are needed to replace manual sorting method which depends on human vision and experience. In this study, an optical probe consisted of a 635 nm diode laser and two photodiodes was used to evaluate the ripeness level of oil palm FFB and its relation to both the fruitlet firmness and resulted photodiode voltages. Laser was directed to each of nine fruitlets of each FFB from three parts; basil, equatorial, and apical. Output voltages from each photodiode were summed and amplified by a commercially multi-board circuit. Then their firmness levels were obtained using a penetrometer. The results show that there is a linear correlation between the firmness levels and the FFB ripeness levels. The firmness values ranges from 9.39 kg/cm2 for unripe FFB and 5.64 kg/cm2 for overripe FFB. The highest voltage is obtained for ripe FFB and less for unripe and overripe FFB. K-means clustering results indicate that the overall ripeness levels are grouped into 4 levels of ripeness, namely F0, F1, F2 and F3 based on the values of hardness and the voltage of each sample.               Keywords: Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Oil Palm, Fresh Fruit Bunch, Firmness, Optical Probe
The Production and Characterization of Activated Carbon Electrodes from Pineapple Leaf Fibers for Supercapacitor Application Agustino Agustino; Rakhmawati Farma; Erman Taer
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 9, Number 1, January 2020
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v9i1.14895

Abstract

Elektroda karbon aktif berbasis serat daun nanas (SDN) telah berhasil diproduksi dengan proses tiga langkah berikut ini, yaitu: (i) aktivasi kimia, (ii) karbonisasi, dan (iii) aktivasi fisika. Aktivasi kimia dilakukan dengan menggunakan agen pengaktif KOH dengan konsetrasi 0,3 M. Karbonisasi dilakukan dalam lingkungan gas N2 pada temperatur 600oC dan diikuti oleh aktivasi fisika pada temperatur 850oC menggunakan gas CO2 selama 2,5 jam. Luas permukaan spesifik elektroda 512,211 m2×g-1 dengan volume total pori sebesar 0,093 cm3×g–1, dan jari-jari pori rata-rata 1,199 nm. Morfologi permukaan elektroda karbon aktif menunjukkan adanya serat karbon dengan diameter serat dalam kisaran 101 - 185 nm dan memliki kandungan karbon dengan massa atomik sebesar 84,33%. Elektroda karbon aktif memiliki struktur amorf, yang ditunjukkan oleh dua puncak difraksi yang lebar pada sudut hamburan 24,64 dan 43,77o yang bersesuaian dengan bidang (002) dan (100). Kapasitansi spesifik, energi spesifik dan daya spesifik sel superkapasitor yang dihasilkan masing-masing sebesar 110 F×g-1, 15,28 Wh×kg-1 dan 36,69 W×kg-1. Pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) based activated carbon electrode has been successfully produced using three-step process, i.e. (i) chemical activation, (ii) carbonization, and (iii) physical activation. The chemical activation was carried out using KOH activating agent with a concentration of 0.3 M. The carbonization process is conducted out in N2 gas environment at 600oC and followed by physical activation at a temperature of 850oC by using CO2 gas for 2.5 h. The specific surface area of the electrode is 512.211 m2×g-1 with a total pore volume of 0.093 cm3×g-1, and average pore radius of 1.199 nm. The surface morphology of the electrode shown the carbon fibers with diameter in the range of 101 - 185 nm and carbon content with 84.33% of atomic mass. The activated carbon electrode has an amorphous structure, which is shown by two wide diffraction peaks at scattering angles of 24.64 and 43.77o which correspond to the plane (002) and (100), respectively. The specific capacitance, energy and power of the electrode are 110 F×g-1, 15.28 Wh×kg-1 and 36.69 W×kg-1, respectively.Keywords: Serat daun nanas, Kalium hidroksida, Elektroda karbon aktif, Kapasitansi spesifik, Superkapasitor 

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