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Semesta Teknika
ISSN : 1411061X     EISSN : 25025481     DOI : https://doi.org/10.18196/st
Core Subject : Engineering,
SEMESTA TEKNIKA is a reputable refereed journal devoted to the publication and dissemination of basic and applied research in engineering. SEMESTA TEKNIKA is a forum for publishing high quality papers and references in engineering science and technology. The Journal is published by the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, INDONESIA. Copyright is by the publisher and the authors. The Journal is issued in electronic form and also issued in printed form as annual volume for the contributors only. The journal contains original research papers, review articles, short notes and letters to the editors. The topics of interest include modeling, experimental, analytical and numerical investigations on the mechanical, physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of material, developing the prototype/instrument, technology and construction process. Topic of management in industry and civil construction is also considered. SEMESTA TEKNIKA receives manuscripts from the contributor written in the Indonesian and English. Manuscripts submitted to the journal for publication must not have been previously published or is under consideration simultaneously by any other publication. Manuscripts submitted to SEMESTA TEKNIKA will be reviewed Peer Reviewers local and foreign.
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Articles 715 Documents
Efisiensi Termal Boiler Menggunakan Bahan Bakar Campuran Batubara Lignit dan Cangkang Biji Jambu Mete Novarini Novarini; Sukadi Sukadi
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 1 (2019): MEI 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.22128

Abstract

AbstrakCadangan bahan bakar batubara saat ini menurun, sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya untuk meminimalkan penggunaan bahan bakar ini. Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara adalah produsen mete terbesar di Indonesia di mana kulit kacang mete dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif campuran bahan bakar batubara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh nilai efisiensi termal maksimum pada pembakaran batubara di boiler dengan kapasitas 10,5 ton/jam dengan memvariasikan campuran bahan bakar batubara lignit dan kulit kacang mete dengan komposisi campuran 60%: 40%, 50%: 50% , 40%: 60%, 30%: 70%, 20%: 80%, dan 10%: 90%. Data yang diambil adalah hasil analisis proksimat dan pamungkas kulit lignit dan kacang mete serta data teknis operasi boiler tipe firetube. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi termal maksimum 88,75% adalah dengan menggunakan 10% campuran batubara lignit dan 90% kulit kacang mete. AbstractCoal fuel reserves are currently decreasing, so efforts need to be made to minimize the use of these fuels. Southeast Sulawesi Province is the largest cashew producer in Indonesia where the cashew nut shell can be used as an alternative to coal fuel mixture. This research aims to obtain maximum thermal efficiency value  of a coal fires steam boiler with a capacity of 10.5 tons/hour by varying the mixture of lignite coal fuel and cashew nut shell with mixed composition of 60% : 40%, 50% : 50%, 40% : 60%, 30% : 70%, 20 % : 80%, and 10% : 90%. The data taken are the result of proximate and ultimate analysis of lignite and cashew nut shells and also technical operation data of steam pipe boiler. The results showed that the maximum thermal efficiency 88.75% was by using 10% mixture of lignite coal and 90% cashew nutshell.
Prediction of Employee Attendance Factors Using C4.5 Algorithm, Random Tree, Random Forest Riza Fahlapi; Hermanto Hermanto; Antonius Yadi Kuntoro; Lasman Effendi; Ridatu Oca Nitra; Siti Nurlela
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 1 (2020): MEI 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i1.7984

Abstract

Research on the performance of workers based on the determination of standard working hours for absences conducted by workers in a certain period. In disciplinary supervision, workers are expected to be able to provide the best performance in the implementation of work in accordance with predetermined working hours. The measurement of the level of discipline of admission hours for placement workers is carried out every working day, continuously and continuously. Attendance monitoring already uses online attendance by using data downloaded from the online attendance provider as the main data. In addition, data collection is done by filtering employee absentee data and supporting information on the categories that cause mismatches in meeting work schedules. Mobilization of workers according to location and working hours has been regulated in company regulations allowing the placement of workers in accordance with the residence so as not to affect the desired work results the company is still within reasonable limits and can be increased. The assessment of this study as a progression factor inhibiting the company in achieving company targets. From the results of the author's analysis of the prediction of employee delay factors using three algorithms, namely the C.45 algorithm accuracy = 79.37% and AUC value = 0.646, Random Forest Algorithm accuracy = 78.58% and AUC value = 0.807 while for the Random Tree algorithm accuracy = 76.26% and the AUC value = 0.610.
Penerapan Metode “Earn Value” Dan “Project Crashing” Pada Proyek Konstruksi: Studi Kasus Pembangunan Gedung IGD RSUD Sunan Kalijaga, Demak Mandiyo Priyo; Talitha Zhafira
Semesta Teknika Vol 20, No 1 (2017): MEI 2017
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v20i1.2434

Abstract

Project of  construction have unique characteristic. Process os construction will not continued by the other project. It caused by the condition that affect by the other project.  The controlling of project is required to maintain compatibility between planning and actuating. Every activity that held in project must be do inspection and checking with spesification that used. The aim of the researchis determine the performance of project in terms of time and fixed cost. Beside that, This research intend to estimate time and cost for finishing project, and determining project performance index. Data that used for this is secondary data. Secondary data are obtained from contractor. There are budget plan, weekly report, progress report, and fixed cost of project. Research methode that used is Earned Value Methode. It could be analysis from schedulling, cost, and visualisation achievement jobs.  From this methode is obtained  estimation of cost and time to finishing project. This analysis is done by software Microsoft Excel.2010. Based on 19th week, The result show that have planned Value (PV) sebesar Rp.3.981.025.497,26, nilai Earned Value sebesar Rp. 4.835.552.298, dan nilai Actual Cost sebesar Rp.3.409.775.000,00. Based on  Cost Varian sebesar Rp. 1.425.777.298,00 dan Cost Performance Index = 1,418 that the project have profit. From the schedulling project aspect is accelerating 5 week from the project schedule planning. It shows by the schedule varians Rp. 854..526.800,74 and schedule performance indeks = 1,215. Estimating cost to finishing project is Rp 4.950.908.465,70.
Optimalisasi Desain Frame Sepeda Menggunakan Software Autodesk Inventor 2015 Sunardi Sunardi
Semesta Teknika Vol 20, No 2 (2017): NOVEMBER 2017
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v20i2.3337

Abstract

Bicycles become one of the environmentally friendly land transportation and are increasingly demanded by wider community. Frame a main component of the bikes that must safely be designed because it is the haviest part compared to the other components. MUSTANG hybrid bikes use steel Hi-Ten (High Tensile Steel) for their frames. The density of such material is relatively high in comparison with other frame materials such as aluminum alloy, carbon fiber, and titanium. Thus, it needs to be redesigned to optimize frames in terms of mass, stress, displacement, and safety factor. This research was first measureing the dimensions of a MUSTANG bike frame. Next, it was drawn, and simulated using Autodesk Inventor Professional 2015 software. Simulation results were then used to optimize the frame design in terms of its mass, stress, strain, displacement and safety factor. The optimized design simulation shows that maximum stress and displacement being 14,75 MPa and 0,01617 mm, respectively. In addition, minimum safety factor and mass being 14,94 and 3,1323 kg, respectively. The optimum bike frame was found at modification frame 5 with maximum stress of 8,40 MPa, maximum displacement of 0,01782 mm, minimum safety factor of 15 and minimum mass of 3,1343 kg. 
Penjernih Kabut Asap Kebakaran Hutan dengan Media Plasma dan Karbon Aktif Terintegrasi Muhammad Isnan; Ainur Rofiq; Ibnu Awal Hasanudin; Thoharudin Thoharudin
Semesta Teknika Vol 21, No 2 (2018): NOVEMBER 2018
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/212217

Abstract

Smoke haze from forest fires consists of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) and particulate matter which has micro size that can cause the respiratory disorders. Therefore, the device to reduce the matters is necessary to prevent the respiratory health including the lung. One of the many methods is using plasma and activated carbon for eliminating the matters from the air that was conducted in this study. Smoke haze was modeled as exhaust gas obtained from rice husk combustion. The velocity of gas in the cleaning device was controlled in various velocities, namely 0.3, 0.9, 1.2 and 1.5 m/s. The calculation of smoke haze particulate matter and VOC was conducted in a simple method by using cutton as filter media to separate the particulate matter and VOC from the gas. This study resulted that the increasing of velocity affected the increasing of particulate matter and VOC filtered on the cutton. The plasma utilisation on the device affected the reduction of particulate matter and VOC filtered on the cutton. The application of both plasma and activated carbon in the device could achieve the best performance of eliminating the particulate matter and VOC indicated by the clean cutton obtained after filtering. The highest efficiency of particulate matter and VOC removal was achieved by applicating both plasma and activated carbon with gas velocity of 1.5 m/s, namely 96.1 %.
Analisis Panjang Runway untuk Pendaratan dan Take-off Pesawat Airbus A330-200 dan A330-300 Dian M Setiawan; Noor Mahmudah; Edo Laksmana Putra
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 1 (2019): MEI 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.221233

Abstract

AbstrakOtoritas Bandara Radin Inten II merenovasi bandara mulai dari memperpanjang landasan pacu serta memperluas apron dan bangunan terminalnya. Landasan pacu diperpanjang dari sebelumnya 2.500 m menjadi 3.000 m. Pengembangan ini dilakukan karena Bandara Radin Inten II dipilih menjadi embarkasi haji penuh dan juga karena adanya potensi peningkatan aktivitas bandara setiap tahunnya. Bandara juga harus mampu mengakomodasi pesawat Airbus A330-200 dan A330-300 untuk meningkatkan kapasitas penumpang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengevaluasi kondisi yang ada dari Bandara Radin Inten II dan menganalisis apakah landasan pacu di Bandara Radin Inten II dapat mengakomodasi Airbus A330-200 dan A330-300. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kegiatan penumpang dan kargo. Selanjutnya, Bandara Radin Inten II dapat melayani jenis pesawat Airbus A330-200 dengan panjang landasan pacu yang dibutuhkan 2.753 m untuk pesawat tersebut, sedangkan pesawat A330-300 tidak dapat dilayani karena pesawat ini membutuhkan panjang landasan 3100 m untuk lepas landas dan mendarat dengan aman.AbstractThe 2nd Radin Inten Airport authorities renovate its airport starting from extending the runway as well as expanding the apron and its terminal building. The runway was extended from previously 2,500 m to 3,000 m. The development was due to the 2nd Radin Inten Airport was chosen to become a full hajj embarkation and also due to a potential increase in airport activity every year. The airport also must be able to accommodate the Airbus A330-200 and A330-300 aircraft to increase passenger capacity. The study was conducted by evaluate the existing conditions of the 2nd Radin Inten Airport and analyse whether the runway at the 2nd Radin Inten Airport can accomodate the Airbus A330-200 and A330-300. The results of the analysis showed that there were significant increases in the passenger and cargo activities. Furthermore, 2nd Radin Inten Airport can serve Airbus A330-200 aircraft types with the required runway length of 2,753 m for such aircraft, while the A330 aircraft -300 unable to be served because this aircraft requires 3,100 m runway length in order to take-off and landing safely.
Pengaruh Komposisi Biodisel Jagung Terhadap Sifat-Sifat Campuran Biodisel Jatropha-Jagung Wahyudi Wahyudi; Andre Sasuta; Muhammad Nadjib
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 2 (2019): NOVEMBER 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.222249

Abstract

Biodisel merupakan bahan bakar alternatif untuk mesin disel yang biasanya terbuat dari minyak nabati. Minyak jatropha dan minyak jagung merupakan bahan baku biodisel yang potensial. Namun biodisel dari bahan baku minyak jatropha memiliki kelemahan, diantaranya adalah viskositas yang relatif tinggi dan nilai kalor yang relatif rendah. Salah satu upaya perbaikannya adalah pencampuran dengan minyak jagung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari variasi komposisi campuran terhadap karakteristik biodisel. Kedua jenis bahan baku diproses menjadi biodisel melalui reaksi transesterifikasi. Selanjutnya dilakukan pencampuran antara biodisel jatropha dan biodiesel jagung. Campuran dibuat dalam sembilan variasi komposisi. Setiap komposisi campuran diaduk dan dipanaskan pada suhu 90 °C selama 60 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran biodisel jatropha dan jagung memiliki viskositas yang lebih rendah daripada biodisel jatropha murni. Densitas dan titik nyala campuran biodisel tersebut juga mengalami penurunan. Hasil lainnya adalah nilai kalor biodiesel campuran lebih tinggi daripada nilai kalor biodiesel jatropha murni. Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines that are usually made from vegetable oil. Jatropha and corn oil are potential biodiesel feedstocks. However, biodiesel from jatropha oil has disadvantages, including high viscosity and relatively low heating value. An effort to improve its properties is mixing it with corn oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the composition of the mixture on the biodiesel properties. Both raw materials were processed into biodiesel through transesterification reactions. The next step is mixing jatropha and corn biodiesel. There were nine variations of the biodiesel mixture. Each mixture was stirred and heated at 90 °C for 60 minutes. The results showed that the mixture of jatropha and corn biodiesel had lower viscosity than pure jatropha biodiesel. Density and flash point of the biodiesel mixture also decreased. The heating value of mixed biodiesel is higher than its of pure jatropha biodiesel.
Study of Flexible Pavement Damage In Military Housing Using Pavement Condition Index (PCI) Agung Prapsetyo; Susilo Adi Purwantoro; Helda Risman
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 2 (2020): NOVEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i2.9231

Abstract

Jalan aspal (perkerasan lentur) di Kompleks Perumahan Panca Arga I Desa Banyurojo Kec. Mertoyudan Kab. Magelang telah mengalami kerusakan dikarenakan umur jalan sistem yang dibuat dengan aspal curah/siram dan telah lebih dari 10 tahun. Kerusakan jalan tersebut dapat membahayakan pengguna yang melintas, sehingga perlu diadakan penelitian sebagai dasar saran rekomendasi untuk pengusulan program perbaikan. Analisais kerusakan jalan mengunakan metode pavement condition index (PCI), karena ekonomis dan membutuhakan waktu yang singkat. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis dan tingkat kerusakan serta saran penanganan kerusakan Jalan, Cara pengumpulan data dengan studi pustaka dan survey serta observasi lapangan, dari data yang terkumpul diaplikasikan dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode PCI. Hasil penelitian menggunakan metode pavement condition index (PCI) menunjukan tingkat kerusakan: 1) sangat jelek pada Jalan Kelud dan Malabar;  2) jelek pada manyar dan pandu; 3) sedang Gelatik, Merak, Kasuari; dan 4) baik jalan Utama dan Jalak. Adapun penanganan kerusakan perkerasan lentur tersebut bergantung tingkat kerusakan yang terjadi, baik dilakukan penambalan parsial, penambala keseluruhan, bahkan rekonstruksi pada kondisi jalan yang terjelek.Asphalt road (flexible pavement) in the Panca Arga I Housing Complex, Banyurojo Village, Kec. Mertoyudan Kab. Magelang has suffered damage due to the life of the system roads made with bulk asphalt / flush and has been more than 10 years. Damage to the road can endanger passing users, so it is necessary to conduct research as a basis for recommendations and recommendations for proposing improvement programs. The road damage analysis uses the pavement condition index (PCI) method, because it is economical and requires a short time. The purpose of this study was to determine the type and level of damage and suggestions for handling road damage, data collection methods using literature study and surveys and field observations, from the collected data applied and analyzed using the PCI method. The results of the study using the pavement condition index (PCI) method showed the level of damage: 1) very bad on Jalan Kelud and Malabar; 2) bad on the weaver and pandu; 3) being Wren, Peacock, Cassowary; and 4) both Main and Starling roads. The handling of the flexible pavement damage depends on the level of damage that has occurred, whether it is partial patching, whole patching, even reconstruction in the worst road conditions. 
Analisis Rekayasa dan Karakterisasi Briket Bahan Bakar dari Limbah Serat Kenaf Sudarja Sudarja
Semesta Teknika Vol 12, No 1 (2009): MEI 2009
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v12i1.758

Abstract

The amount of rejected hibiscus cannabinus fiber reaches 30% during harvesting and 10% of the fiber bought by industries because they are not satisfied the quality requirement. In other words, 37% of the harvested hibiscus cannabinus fiber is rejected and become waste. On the other hand, the society need alternative fuel instead of fossil fuel due to its availability and high-price. Therefore, a study on the utilization of hibiscus cannabinus fiber waste for alternative fuel is urgently required. The main materials used in this research are hibiscus cannabinus fiber waste and starch glue. The first step is producing star-coal by burning the hibiscus cannabinus fiber in a closed tube (chamber) followed by producing starcoal briquette by blending starcoal powder and starch glue, and finally, pressing it in a pressing machine. The characteristic being studied are: water content (comply to ASTM-D-3173), calorific value (ASTM D-2015 and ASTM D-5865-03), and ash content (ASTM D-3174). The result of the research shows that the average calorific value of hibiscus cannabinus fiber waste is 6595,65 kal/gram while that of the briquette compacted  at 1090 psi or above was 7394,14 kal/gram. The average water content was 10,9%, and ash content is 31,67%. Advanced study concerning the percentage of fly ash and economic aspects was recommended in order to justify its feasibility.
Peningkatan Efisiensi Kompor LPG dengan Menggunakan Elemen Bara Api Sudarno sudarno sudarno; Fadelan Fadelan
Semesta Teknika Vol 19, No 2 (2016): NOVEMBER 2016
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v19i2.2050

Abstract

The defective combustion process is one of the causes of low efficiency in LPG stoves. Increasing the efficiency in LPG stoves by optimizing the combustion has high possibility to do. Practical effort that can be done is adding the element embers. This tool is a woven wire nikelin that are arranged in layers and if it is heated, it will be incandescent, forming high temperature embers. Generated embers will be able to burn fuel vapor perfectly around the wire, so it will broaden the mature fire area. The test is done by using LPG stoves which is provided by finned heat radiation reflector. The efficiency test is done by conducting the boiling water test. The number of element embers layers are varied, from one to four layers. The performance of element embers use is compared with LPG stoves without element embers use. In this study, temperature distribution for each treatment is tested. It is obtained that the use of element embers without reflector can improve the efficiency until 8.23%. The highest efficiency occurred in one of layer element embers use, as much as 61.7%. But, the increase of element embers in finned heat radiation reflector decreased the efficiency. It was because the mounting pattern of element embers bothered the function of the reflector, so the heat reflection from the reflector was stunted and stuck between the reflector and the mounting pattern. Therefore, the heat energy of the reflection from the reflector cannot be moved to combustion area. The result of temperature distribution test also showed that the element embers use could broaden the mature fire area.

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