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Semesta Teknika
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 1411061X     EISSN : 25025481     DOI : https://doi.org/10.18196/st
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
SEMESTA TEKNIKA is a reputable refereed journal devoted to the publication and dissemination of basic and applied research in engineering. SEMESTA TEKNIKA is a forum for publishing high quality papers and references in engineering science and technology. The Journal is published by the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, INDONESIA. Copyright is by the publisher and the authors. The Journal is issued in electronic form and also issued in printed form as annual volume for the contributors only. The journal contains original research papers, review articles, short notes and letters to the editors. The topics of interest include modeling, experimental, analytical and numerical investigations on the mechanical, physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of material, developing the prototype/instrument, technology and construction process. Topic of management in industry and civil construction is also considered. SEMESTA TEKNIKA receives manuscripts from the contributor written in the Indonesian and English. Manuscripts submitted to the journal for publication must not have been previously published or is under consideration simultaneously by any other publication. Manuscripts submitted to SEMESTA TEKNIKA will be reviewed Peer Reviewers local and foreign.
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Articles 715 Documents
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Kajian Erosi Pada Sub Das Serayu Sebagai Daerah Tangkapan Air Waduk Mrica Lesmana, Surya Budi
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 2 (2020): NOVEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i2.12082

Abstract

Pada daerah pertanian lahan kering serta memiliki tingkat kelerengan yang curam, erosi dan sedimentasi mendai salah satu problematika yang sering terjadi. Erosi akan dapat mengakibatkan kerugian pada lahan yaitu berakibat pada turunnya produktivitas lahan akibat kerusakan sifat-sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi. Dampak akibat adanya erosi antara lain umur waduk yang menjadi lebih pendek karena terjadinya pendangkalan, elevasi permukaan dasar sungai yang semakin naik karena adanya endapan sedimen, dan juga lahan pertanian yang rusak akibat adanya timbunan sedimen. Aktivitas manusia yang beragam pada Daerah Aliran Sungai akan mempengaruhi erosi ang terjadi. Analis perhitungan erosi untuk wilayah yang luas diperlukan untuk perencanaan pengelolaan dan konservasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat erosi di wilayah Sub DAS Serayu, yang merupakan salah satu daerah tangkapan air Waduk Mrica. Analisis perhitungan erosi menggunakan rumusan Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) dan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Curah hujan merupakan komponen untuk menghitung erosivitas hujan. Faktor vegetasi (C) dan faktor konservasi (P) diperkirakan dari peta penggunaan lahan. Faktor panjang dan kemiringan (LS) dianalisa dari Digital Elevation Model, dan faktor erodibilitas (K) diperoleh dari interpretasi peta tanah. Selanjutnya, semua faktor dianalisis untuk menghitung laju erosi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sub DAS Serayu menghasilkan erosi sebesar: 11.877.576,89 T/th. Laju erosi rata-rata pada Sub DAS Serayu tergolong dalam erosi sedang, yaitu sebesar 166.35 T/ha/th. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa Universal Soil Loss Equation mampu memprediksi erosi yang cepat untuk area yang luas.steep slopes. Erosion has the potential to cause land losses in the form of physical, chemical, and biological property damage, resulting in a decrease in land productivity. Shorter reservoir life due to siltation, increased river bed surface elevation due to sediment deposits, and agricultural land damage due to sediment accumulation are all effects of erosion at the watershed. For management and conservation planning, analysts on erosion calculations for large areas are required. The purpose of this research is to assess the level of erosion in the Serayu sub-watershed, which is one of the Mrica Reservoir's water catchment areas. The USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) formula and Geographic Information System (GIS) are used in erosion calculation analysis. Rainfall data is used to calculate the erosivity factor. The land use map was used to calculate the vegetation factor (C) and conservation factor (P). The length and slope factor (LS) were calculated using the Digital Elevation Model, and the erodibility factor (K) was determined using the soil map interpretation. In addition, all factors were considered in order to calculate the erosion rate. The Serayu sub-watershed resulted in erosion of 11.877.576.89 T/year, according to the results. The average erosion rate in the Serayu sub-watershed is 166.35 T/ha/yr, which is classified as moderate erosion. The findings also demonstrate that USLE can be used to forecast rapid erosion over large areas. 
Study of Flexible Pavement Damage In Military Housing Using Pavement Condition Index (PCI) Prapsetyo, Agung; Purwantoro, Susilo Adi; Risman, Helda
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 2 (2020): NOVEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i2.9231

Abstract

Jalan aspal (perkerasan lentur) di Kompleks Perumahan Panca Arga I Desa Banyurojo Kec. Mertoyudan Kab. Magelang telah mengalami kerusakan dikarenakan umur jalan sistem yang dibuat dengan aspal curah/siram dan telah lebih dari 10 tahun. Kerusakan jalan tersebut dapat membahayakan pengguna yang melintas, sehingga perlu diadakan penelitian sebagai dasar saran rekomendasi untuk pengusulan program perbaikan. Analisais kerusakan jalan mengunakan metode pavement condition index (PCI), karena ekonomis dan membutuhakan waktu yang singkat. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis dan tingkat kerusakan serta saran penanganan kerusakan Jalan, Cara pengumpulan data dengan studi pustaka dan survey serta observasi lapangan, dari data yang terkumpul diaplikasikan dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode PCI. Hasil penelitian menggunakan metode pavement condition index (PCI) menunjukan tingkat kerusakan: 1) sangat jelek pada Jalan Kelud dan Malabar;  2) jelek pada manyar dan pandu; 3) sedang Gelatik, Merak, Kasuari; dan 4) baik jalan Utama dan Jalak. Adapun penanganan kerusakan perkerasan lentur tersebut bergantung tingkat kerusakan yang terjadi, baik dilakukan penambalan parsial, penambala keseluruhan, bahkan rekonstruksi pada kondisi jalan yang terjelek.Asphalt road (flexible pavement) in the Panca Arga I Housing Complex, Banyurojo Village, Kec. Mertoyudan Kab. Magelang has suffered damage due to the life of the system roads made with bulk asphalt / flush and has been more than 10 years. Damage to the road can endanger passing users, so it is necessary to conduct research as a basis for recommendations and recommendations for proposing improvement programs. The road damage analysis uses the pavement condition index (PCI) method, because it is economical and requires a short time. The purpose of this study was to determine the type and level of damage and suggestions for handling road damage, data collection methods using literature study and surveys and field observations, from the collected data applied and analyzed using the PCI method. The results of the study using the pavement condition index (PCI) method showed the level of damage: 1) very bad on Jalan Kelud and Malabar; 2) bad on the weaver and pandu; 3) being Wren, Peacock, Cassowary; and 4) both Main and Starling roads. The handling of the flexible pavement damage depends on the level of damage that has occurred, whether it is partial patching, whole patching, even reconstruction in the worst road conditions. 
Penggunaan Campuran Abu Sampah Organik dan Limbah Karbit sebagai Bahan Pengganti Semen pada Mortar Edi Hartono; Siti Rofi’ah ZA; Abd Dzargifar Hemeto
Semesta Teknika Vol 12, No 1 (2009): MEI 2009
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v12i1.757

Abstract

Organic waste and calcium carbide waste can be used as replacement material for cement in mortar. Organic waste ash and calcium carbide waste are mixed with some variations and then conducted tests to obtain the characteristics of the materials used in this study. Content of mortar comparation base on weight that are organic waste-calcium carbide waste : sand : water of 1.0 : 2.75 : 1.0. Compositions of waste organic ash and calcium carbide waste have some variations, i.e., 0.9-0.1, 0.7-0.3, 0.5-0.5, 0.3-0.7 and 0.1-0.9. Control mortar also made as discussant for mixture variations of organic waste ash and calcium carbide waste in compressive strength test. Control is mortar mixed with common Portland cement. All of mortars are mold with molder that has dimension 5 cm × 5 cm × 5 cm. Compressive strength test is done when age of mortars is 3 days, 14 days, and 28 days. Based on laboratory test results, compressive strength on 14 days at the highest variation of 70 % organic waste ash and 30 % calcium carbide waste was found to be 26,7 kg/cm2. But, this result of compressive strength is lower compared to compressive strength of control mortar which was found to be 79.9 kg/cm2 on 14 days. Highest compressive strength of all mixture variation showed that mixture of waste organic ash and calcium carbide waste can be used as a mortar/mixture of brick pair in simple house type and very simple house type that needs compressive strength as much as 25 kg/cm2for wall that do not bear of load. 
Implementasi Sistem Monitoring Deteksi Hujan dan Suhu Berbasis Sensor Secara Real Time Muhamad Yusvin Mustar; Rama Okta Wiyagi
Semesta Teknika Vol 20, No 1 (2017): MEI 2017
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v20i1.2402

Abstract

The aim of this research is to provide the design and implementation of a monitoring system which is able to detect rain and temperature based on real time sensor. This system focuses on the results of raindrop detection sensor as a rain detector and NTC thermistor as a temperature detector. Both of the sensors have an analog output. Therefore, they require an Analog Data Converter (ADC) to measure. Several tools are used to build this monitoring system, including microcontroller Arduino NANO for input sensor value readings, data processing and programming. Real Time Clock (RTC) is used to provide time information when the sensor works, as well as the telemetry as the wireless communication device. An interface based on Graphical User Interface (GUI) using JAVA as the monitoring software which can be operated on a PC or laptop. Based on the analysis and evaluation, this tool can detect rain and temperatures in real time.
Studi Optimasi Waktu dan Biaya dengan Metode Time Cost Trade Off pada Proyek Konstruksi : Studi Kasus Proyek Jalan Bugel-Galur-Poncosari Cs. Tahap I, Provinsi D.I. Yogyakarta Mandiyo Priyo; Sarwidi Sudiro
Semesta Teknika Vol 20, No 2 (2017): NOVEMBER 2017
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v20i2.3410

Abstract

The important things that neededto know when planning the construction project are to optimize the time and the cost. To set the good time and the good cost for the implementation will give benefit greatly or maximum and avoid the cost of penalties for project delays. It is necessary to optimize the time and cost with creating the networking, searching for critical activities, and also calculate the duration of the project implementation and a number of resources. The purposes of this research are to know the changes in cost and time of the project implementation with a variety of additional work hours, employers, and equipments, to know the changes in time and cost of the project implementation with the additional variety of equipments and employee, and to know the comparison between the penalty cost and the additional of work hours cost, the additional of equipment cost, and also the additional of employs. The data used in this study is from the road construction project data of Bugel-GalurPoncosari Cs (Stage I). The data analysis of this research uses Microsoft Project 2010 and the method is time cost trade off. The critical path and the cost increase due to work hours additional obtain from the computer analysis of Microsoft project 2010, also the acceleration duration and cost increases due to the duration acceleration of the results obtains from the analysis method of time cost trade off. The results of this study are (1) the time and cost of the project in normal conditions with duration of 177 days and a cost of Rp 40,897,811,578.00, additional 1 hour of additional work hours obtains from crashing duration of 110.03 days, the cost is Rp 40,076,775,588.21. The addition of 2 hours additional work hours obtains from crashing duration of 62.1 days, the cost is Rp 39,633,316,095.13. The addition of 3 hours additional work hours obtains from crashing duration of 26.89 days, the cost is Rp 39,369,085,607.83. (2) The addition of equipment and employers using a duration of 1 hour additional work hours with a duration of crashing of 110.03 days, the cost is Rp 39,931,863,398.85. The addition of equipment and employers with duration of 2 hours additional work hours crashing duration of 62.1 days, the cost is Rp39,240,658,440.70. The addition of equipment and employers with duration of 3 hours additional work hours crashing duration of 26.89 days, the cost is Rp 38,733,785,415.45. (3) To accelerate the duration of the project cost with the addition of equipment and employers is efficient and cheap when compared to the addition of work hours, and also cheaper than the costs incurred if the project has been delayed and subject fined. 
Perbandingan Tebal dan Analisis Kerusakan Perkerasan Lentur Menggunakan Program KENPAVE dan Metode Asphalt Institute Dian Setiawan M; Anita Rahmawati; Iwan Bagus Setiawan
Semesta Teknika Vol 21, No 2 (2018): NOVEMBER 2018
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.212216

Abstract

The mechanistic-empirical method is one of the techniques used in the design of pavement thickness. Maospati-Sukomoro Road is the primary access to Magetan City which is traversed by heavy vehicle traffic. This research was conducted with the objective to design the pavement thickness and to analyse the pavement performance against fatigue cracking and rutting. Bina Marga 1987 and AASHTO 1993 were used as the empirical method in this research. The results then investigated with KENPAVE program as the mechanistic method. The calculations showed that the Bina Marga 1987 produce Nd value of 7,52x105 and Nf value of 5,77x1012 whereas the AASHTO 1993 produce Nd value of 2,12x109 and Nf value of 1,42x1011. The result indicated that the designed pavement thickness based on the Bina Marga 1987 method is unable to serve the planned traffic load and will be damaged if there is no immediate maintenance work. In another side, the designed pavement thickness based on the AASHTO 1993 method is capable of serving the planned traffic load.
Perencanaan Angkutan Pemadu Moda Bandara H.A.S. Hanandjoedin Sherly Devianty
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 1 (2019): MEI 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.221232

Abstract

AbstrakMeningkatnya pergerakan orang maupun barang di Bandara H.A.S. Hanandjoedin memerlukan perhatian dari berbagai pihak dalam rangka peningkatan kualitas sarana dan prasarana pendukung transportasi dalam memperlancar aktivitas ekonomi dan sosial. Kondisi Bandara H.A.S. Hanandjoedin di Tanjung Pandan saat ini tidak terlayani transportasi umum, hal ini menyulitkan penumpang untuk menuju/dari Bandara. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya peningkatan layanan transportasi salah satunya adalah dengan menyediakan angkutan pemadu moda sebagai akses menuju Bandara dan/atau sebaliknya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis potensi demand dan merencanakan sistem operasional angkutan pemadu moda di Bandara H.A.S. Hanandjoedin. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik stated preference (SP) dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang didistribusikan di Bandara H.A.S. Hanandjoedin. Teknik analisis menggunakan ordered probit model dengan software Limdep versi 7.0 untuk mengetahui tingkat kemauan responden menggunakan layanan angkutan pemadu moda sebagai dasar untuk merencanakan sistem operasional angkutan pemadu moda serta sarana dan prasarananya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan diperoleh potensi demand angkutan pemadu moda adalah sebanyak 575 orang/hari. Jumlah tersebut merupakan jumlah demand dengan rute Tj.Tinggi – Bandara dan sebaliknya. Waktu pelayanan didesain selama 12 jam/hari dengan kendaraan pertama beroperasi pada pukul 05.00 dan pelayanan terakhir berangkat dari bandara mengikuti kedatangan pesawat yang terakhir. Angkutan pemadu moda yang akan digunakan adalah kendaraan bus sedang dengan kapasitas 24 orang, dengan tarif Rp. 10.000, waktu perjalanan 45 menit, headway 21 menit dan jumlah kendaraan yang dibutuhkan adalah sebanyak 6 unit. AbstractThe increasing of air plane passenger and goods in H.A.S. Hanandjoedin airport need attention from many parties to improve the quality of supported transportation facilities to carry on economics and social activities. H.A.S. Hanandjoedin airport in Tanjung Pandan is currently not served by public transportation. So the goverment should be able to fullfill the need of efective and efisien public transportation. The porposes of this research are to analyze the potential demand and planning the characteristic operational system of integrated mode transport in H.A.S. Hanandjoedin Airport. The data collection of the research use a stated preference survey (SP) with questioners that are distributed in H.A.S. Hanandoedin Airport. The research result shows that the potential demand of integrated mode transport are 575 people/day. The service time is designed for 12 hours/day with the first vehicle operating at 05.00 and the last service depart from the airport following the arrival of the last arrived. The integrated mode transport that will be used are vehicle with a capacity of 24 people, a tariff of Rp.10.000, travel time are 45 minutes, headway 21 minutes and number of vehicles needed are 6 units.
Kuat Tekan Vertikal Dinding Panel Beton Expanded Polystyrene dengan Perkuatan Papan Kalsium Silikat dan Penyambung Geser Baut Bella Lutfiani Al Zakina; Ashar Saputra; Ali Awaludin
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 2 (2019): NOVEMBER 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.222248

Abstract

Perlunya percepatan penyediaan rumah tinggal mengharuskan pemerintah mencoba sistem konstruksi inovatif menggunakan sistem beton sandwich polystyrene yang digunakan sebagai konstruksi dinding. Konstruksi ini memiliki kelebihan seperti memiliki bobot yang relatif lebih ringan, harga yang relatif lebih ekonomis, dan kemudahan serta kecepatan konstruksi. Konstruksi ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi risiko kerusakan akibat gempa bumi karena memiliki bobot yang relatif ringan yang merupakan salah satu syarat untuk rumah tahan gempa. Untuk meningkatkan daya dukung dinding panel beton polystyrene agar menjadi dinding struktural, alternatifnya adalah menggunakan bahan pelapis perkuatan. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan spesimen pracetak yang diperoleh dari pracetak pabriksi dengan panjang 1800 mm, lebar 610 mm, dan tebal 75 mm. Penguatan menggunakan papan Kalsium Silikat. Jenis kalsium silikat yang digunakan adalah papan Kalsi. Benda uji disabung menggunakan lem sika dan kemudian dilubangi, jika telah dilakukan pasang bautsebagai konektor geser. Variasi dalam penelitian ini adalah panel beton polystyrene polos, panel beton polystyrene yang diperkuat dengan kalsi, dan panel beton polystyrene yang diperkuat dengan kalsi dan konektor geser baut. Pengujian berdasarkan SNI 03-3122- 1992 (Panel Beton Ringan Berserat). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata berat panel adalah 612,57 kg / m3, modulus elastisitas 942,37 MPa, kekuatan tekan 2,52 MPa dan kapasitas penyerapan air 12,11%. Kekuatan tekan tertinggi diperoleh oleh panel dengan perkuatan kalsiboard sebesar 1,18 MPa. Ini menunjukkan penambahan lapisan perkuatan akan mempengaruhi peningkatan kekuatan. The need to acceleration the provision of residential homes requires the government tried innovative construction system using concrete sandwiches expanded polystyrene used as wall construction. This construction has advantages such as having a relatively lighter weight, relatively more economical prices, and the ease and speed of construction. This construction is expected to reduce the risk of damage due to earthquakes because it has a relatively light weight which is one of the requirements for earthquake resistant houses. To increase the bearing capacity of expanded polystyrene concrete panel walls to be a structural wall, the alternative is to use reinforced coating material. In this study using precast specimens obtained from the precast manufacturing with a length of 1800 mm, width 610 mm, and thick 75 mm. Strengthening using the Calcium Silicate board. The type of calcium silicate used is the Kalsi board. The test object is glued using sika glue and then drilling, if it is has done to install the bolt as a sliding connector. Variations in this study are expanded polystyrene concrete panels without reinforcement, with reinforcement, and with reinforcement and bolt shear connectors. Testing based on SNI 03-3122- 1992 (Fibrous Lightweight Concrete Panel). The results showed that the average value of the panel weight was 612,57 kg/m3, the elastic modulus was 942,37 MPa, compressive strength of 2,52 MPa and water absorption capacity of 12,11%. The highest compressive strength was obtained by the panel with a calibration of 1,18 MPa. This shows the addition of reinforcement layers will affect the increase in strength.
Database Perlintasan Sebidang di JPL 349 dan JPL 350 Menggunakan Software CarryMap Adly, Emil; Widodo, Wahyu; Rahmawati, Anita; Pangestu, M. Ivan Mareza
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 2 (2020): NOVEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i2.10029

Abstract

 Perlintasan sebidang merupakan jalur 0pertemuan antaraa jalan raya dan jalur kereta api. Pada umumnya banyak terdapat perlintasan sebidang yang tidak memenuhi kriteria teknis dalam menjamin keselamatan pengguna jalan dan kereta api. Permasalahan tersebut bisa menimbulkan kerawanaan terhadap kecelakaan, panjangnya antrian, serta tundaan-tundaan di sisi penguna infrastruktur jalan. Tujuan dan metode penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mengevaluasi kinerja ruas jalan berupa tundaan dan panjang antrian menggunakan software VISSIM, memberikan rekomendasi skenario terhadap perlintasan sebidang eksisting menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan membuat database yang bisa diakses menggunakan smartphone menggunakan CarryMap. Lokasi penelitian ini adalah pada  Jalan Timoho JPL 349 KM 163+758 dan Jalano Mojo JPL 350 KM 164+536. Setelah dilakukan analisis didapatkan hasil tundaan dan panjang antrian rata-rata terbesar terjadi pada Jalan Timoho. Pada JPL 350 mendapatkan rekomendasi ditutup setelah ada penanganan dan alternatif skenarionya yaitu melengkapi kelengkapan fasilitas infrastruktur perlintasan sebidang atau pengalihan arus lalu lintas ke Jalan Timoho, sedangkan JPL 349 mendapatkan rekomendasi ditutup setelah ada penanganan dan alternatif skenarionya yaitu melengkapi kelengkapan fasilitas infrastruktur perlintasan sebidang atau penaikan status menjadi perlintasan tidak sebidang. CarryMap berisi input data berupa seluruh database yaitu informasi status jalan, koordinat, foto eksising, fasilitas infrastruktur, volume lalulintas, tundaan, panjang antrian serta rekomendasi.A level crossing is a meeting point between the highway and the railroad line. In general, many level crossings do not meet the technical criteria in ensuring the safety of road and railroad users. These problems can cause vulnerability to accidents, long queues, and delays on the side of road infrastructure users. The objectives and methods of this research are to analyze and evaluate the performance of roads in the form of delays and queues, provide scenario recommendations for existing level crossing using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, and create a database that can be accessed using a smartphone using CarryMap. The location of this research was conducted on Jalan Timoho JPL 349 KM 163 + 758 and Jalan Mojo JPL 350 KM 164 + 536. After doing the analysis, it was found that the biggest average delay and queue length occurred at Jalan Timoho. JPL 350 received a recommendation to close after handling and alternative scenarios, namely completing the completeness of level crossing infrastructure facilities or diverting traffic flow to Jalan Timoho, while JPL 349 received a recommendation to close after handling and alternative scenarios, namely completing the completeness of level crossing infrastructure facilities or upgrading the status be a crossing not level. CarryMap contains input data in the form of the entire database, namely information on road status, coordinates, photo exposure, infrastructure facilities, traffic volume, delays, queue length, and recommendations. 
Pengaruh Lapisan Pasir di Bawah Fondasi terhadap Redaman dan Frekuensi Natural Akibat Beban Gempa As’at Pujianto
Semesta Teknika Vol 12, No 1 (2009): MEI 2009
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v12i1.746

Abstract

Sand layer under foundation has been widely used for vibration damping by an earthquake since centuries ago. Due to being located in earthquake-zone and sand as natural material is widely distributed over regions, research on the use of sand for earthquake vibration damping is becoming important in Indonesia. The aim of this work is to study sand layer behavior in reducing earthquake vibration. Parameters of soil structure, i.e. damping ratio, displacement, soil pressure, and the change of natural frequencydue to the existence of sand layer under foundation were observed. In this study, soil structure was modeled as layered soil profile where top layer is a clay soil layer. Foundation base is located at a depth of 300 cm underlying varied thicknesses of course sand layer, i.e. 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 cm under foundation. In order to produce various soil pressures, load magnitudes of 0, 10,000, 20,000, 30,000 and 40,000 tons were selected. Therefore, earthquake loadings with high and low frequency from Koyna and Bucharest earthquake record were implemented to soil structure models. Results showed that the increase of sand layer thickness does not essentially affect to the decrease of displacement. It is depending on the frequency of an earthquake. However, a thickness of 50 cm shows decrease of displacement due to high and low frequency earthwuake loading with the average deviation of 3.67 %. The displacement due to Bucharest earthquake loading is greater than that of Koyna earthquake, with the average ratio of 9.38 times. If ground frequency is higher than earthquake frequency, ground displacement is becoming smaller.

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