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All Journal Semesta Teknika Media Mesin: Majalah Teknik Mesin JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin BERDIKARI : Jurnal Inovasi dan Penerapan Ipteks Jurnal Mekanova : Mekanikal, Inovasi dan Teknologi Prosiding Seminar Nasional Program Pengabdian Masyarakat
Sudarja Sudarja, Sudarja
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Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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Analisis Rekayasa dan Karakterisasi Briket Bahan Bakar dari Limbah Serat Kenaf Sudarja, Sudarja
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 12, No 1 (2009): MEI 2009
Publisher : Jurnal Semesta Teknika

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Abstract

The amount of rejected hibiscus cannabinus fiber reaches 30% during harvesting and 10% of the fiber bought by industries because they are not satisfied the quality requirement. In other words, 37% of the harvested hibiscus cannabinus fiber is rejected and become waste. On the other hand, the society need alternative fuel instead of fossil fuel due to its availability and high-price. Therefore, a study on the utilization of hibiscus cannabinus fiber waste for alternative fuel is urgently required. The main materials used in this research are hibiscus cannabinus fiber waste and starch glue. The first step is producing star-coal by burning the hibiscus cannabinus fiber in a closed tube (chamber) followed by producing starcoal briquette by blending starcoal powder and starch glue, and finally, pressing it in a pressing machine. The characteristic being studied are: water content (comply to ASTM-D-3173), calorific value (ASTM D-2015 and ASTM D-5865-03), and ash content (ASTM D-3174). The result of the research shows that the average calorific value of hibiscus cannabinus fiber waste is 6595,65 kal/gram while that of the briquette compacted  at 1090 psi or above was 7394,14 kal/gram. The average water content was 10,9%, and ash content is 31,67%. Advanced study concerning the percentage of fly ash and economic aspects was recommended in order to justify its feasibility.
Pengaruh Fraksi Udara Terhadap Koefisien Perpindahan Kalor Kondensasi Refrigeran Petrozon Rossy-22 Di Dalam Pipa Tegak Sudarja, Sudarja; Purnomo, Purnomo; Prajitno, Prajitno
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 10, No 2 (2007): NOVEMBER 2007
Publisher : Jurnal Semesta Teknika

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Abstract

Petrozon Rossy-22 is one of hydrocarbon refrigerants which environmentally safe, since there is no effect on either ozone depletion or global warming. In the refrigeration cycle, imperfect vacuuming process or other factors that permit circulation of air taken place in the system predicted influencing heat transfer rate in condenser. Therefore, research on the influence of air fraction against condensation heat transfer coefficient of Petrozon Rossy-22 inside vertical pipe to be done. A modified refrigeration system of vapor compression was applied in this research, where the condensation was done in the 2 meters straight vertical condenser (double pipe heat exchanger, that further called as test section). The diameter of internal and external pipe were ¾” and 1 ¼” respectively. Electric heater was installed on upstream of the test section. Mixture of air- refrigerant was flowed downward inside internal pipe, while cooling water was flowed upward through annulus. The varied parameters were: air fraction, air-refrigerant and cooling water flow rate. The result of the research indicated that condensation heat transfer coefficient significantly decreased when air fraction increased. The proposed empiric equation is :       Nu = 0.0138. (1-w)8.8198. Re0.7941. Pr4.7315with determination coefficient of 0.6927 and average absolute deviation of 17.65 %. The equation was for Re= 6.922-12.953, Pr= 2,008-2,696, and w= (0,25-1)%.
Pengolahan Limbah Industri Sawit Sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Sudarja, Sudarja; Diharjo, Kuncoro; Sutapa, J Pramana Gentur
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 10, No 1 (2007): MEI 2007
Publisher : Jurnal Semesta Teknika

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Abstract

pengolahan buah sawit di industri sawit menyisakan limbah serat buah sawit yang menumpuk di lingkungan perusahaan, dan mayoritas hanya digunakan sebagai urug atau dibakar. sebaliknya, masyarakat membutuhkan bahan bakar alternatif pengganti bbm, mengingat ketersediaan bbm yang makin menipis dan harganya relatif mahal. oleh karena itu kajian tentang pengolahan limbah biofiber (serat sawit) sebagai bahan bakar alternatif dipandang penting dan mendesak untuk dilakukan.Bahan utama penelitian adalah limbah sawit, dan perekat pati. serat dan cangkang sawit yang memiliki kandungan c tinggi diarangkan, yaitu dibakar pada tabung tertutup (menggunakan retort). selanjutnya dibentuk briket arang dilakukan dengan mencampur serbuk arang dengan perekat pati kemudian ditekan pada cetakan dengan mesin pres. pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap briket arang ini meliputi uji: kadar air (berdasarkan astm d-3173), nilai kalor (astm d-5865), kadar abu (astm d-3174), kadar zat menguap (astm d-3175 )dan kadar karbon terikat (astm d-3172). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa briket arang yang terbuat dari campuran cangkang dan serat sawit memiliki nilai kalor rata-rata 7.121,57 k kal/kg, kadar air rata-rata 8,9 %, kadar zat menguap rata-rata 18,43% dan kadar abu rata-rata 4,46%. untuk menentukan kelayakan penggunaan briket arang dari limbah sawit ini, perlu dilakukan dua penelitian lanjutan, yaitu tentang persentase abu terbang dan uji ekonomis.  
Pengaruh Lokasi Ketebalan Maksimum Airfoil Simetris Terhadap Koefisien Angkat Aerodinamisnya Nurcahyadi, Teddy; Sudarja, Sudarja
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 11, No 1 (2008): MEI 2008
Publisher : Jurnal Semesta Teknika

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Abstract

Airfoil performance data is regarded as highly valuable data in its wide area of application since it will help the designer, for examples; to predict the influence of rear spoiler mounting to the maneuverability and top speed of racing car, the thrust and fuel consumption needed for an aircraft to take off and cruise, or the power delivered by a wind turbine rotor at certain wind speed. The performance of airfoil, which is measured with its lift and drag coefficient, is greatly affected by its geometry and operating condition. The influence of various geometric and operational parameters to the airfoil performance is needed to be studied experimentally and the airfoil performance data obtained can be added to enrich the airfoil performance data base. The experiment was done by testing airfoil models by lift force direct measurements in a sub-sonic wind tunnel.  The type of airfoil used in this experiment is the symmetric airfoil with maximum thickness location as the geometric parameter and angle of attack with wind speed as the operational parameter being investigated for their influence to the lift and drag coefficient. The maximum thickness location was varied in 30%, 40%, and 50% of chord length measured from leading edge. The angle of attack was varied from 0o to 20o with 4o increments. The wind speed was varied from 10 m/s to 20 m/s with 2 m/s increments.  Parameters being measured were the free stream velocity, and the lift force. The result of the research shows that the best airfoil performance with lift coefficient 3,16 is achieved by the airfoil that has maximum thickness location in 40% of its chord length measured from its leading edge and operates at 20o angle of attack and 8,9  m/s free stream velocity.
Pembuatan Alat Uji untuk Mengikat Partikel Logam yang Terkandung dalam Pelumas Akibat Gesekan Mesin Sukamta, Sukamta; Sudarja, Sudarja; Nurdarojat, Nurdarojat; Prasetyo, Agung
Semesta Teknika Vol 17, No 2 (2014): NOVEMBER 2014
Publisher : Semesta Teknika

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Abstract

One of the factors that can affect to the quality of lubricantion is metal particle content due to friction of engine parts.  Metal particle in lubricanting oil could damage the engine parts, so it is neccessary to reduce the metal particle content which mingled in lubricant oil. The experiment was conducted in laboratory scale using power magnetic type ring neodymium possessing diameter of 19 mm and thickness of 2 mm. The experiment was conducted by flowing the lubricanting oil containing metal particle continually and put the magnets in engine so that the metal particle will be taken up by the magnets. The experiment used  three variations of time (5, 10 and 15 minutes) and three variations of valve to controlling the flow rate using. The highest  absortion of metal  particle was reached on opening valve 30 for 15 minutes. When volume the flow rate was 200 ml/s and the time was 15 minutes  the result of absortion was 7.48 % (magnet A), meanwhile for volume the flow rate 180 ml/s and the time was 15 minutes resulted in particle absortion of about 7.37 % (magnet B). When Magnet A and B used together and at the same flow rate and time, i.e. 180 ml/s time 15 minutes, resulted the particle absortion about 17.98 %.
Analisis Unjuk Kerja Boiler Feed Pump Turbine Untuk Kapasitas Ketel Uap 2000 Ton/Jam Di PLTU Cirebon Jawa Barat Sukamta, Sukamta; Sudarja, Sudarja; Wathon, Muhammad Mujaddid Ighna
Semesta Teknika Vol 18, No 1 (2015): MEI 2015
Publisher : Semesta Teknika

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Abstract

Boiler feed pump turbine (BFPT) has an important role in the circulating of demin water from deaerator to the separator of  steam power plant operations (PLTU) in Cirebon. Flow rate, temperature and  pressure were important parameters in boiler feed pump process. Based on the BFPT function, it was necessary to do the analysis interpretation of the performance BFPT. Data needed for evaluation include pressure and temperature on the suction, pressure and temperature on the discharge, and flow capacity. In this study, the data were taken starting in January to December 2014. Data processing was performed using a centrifugal pump calculations, presented in tables and graphs using MS Excel. Analysis of data using qualitative interpretation of quantitative data. BFPT efficiency during operations in 2014 decreased in February - March amounted to 17.91% (BFPT A) and 18.04% (BFPT B). BFPT A highest efficiency obtained in January amounted to 73.76%, the lowest in March amounted to 55.45%. The highest efficiency BFPT B in February amounted to 72.94%, the lowest in March amounted to 54.9%. Change of Performance BFPT occur due to changes load generator power plant that led to the pressure change  and flow capacity. Other factors that degrade the performance because BFPT was operated continuously for 24 hours and the age of  BFPT sufficient old  cause decrease in pump performance.
Korelasi Signifikan antara Kecepatan Superfisial dan Viskositas Cairan Menggunakan Pola Aliran Dua Fase pada Pipa Mini dengan Kemiringan 30 Derajat Sukamta, Sukamta; Sudarja, Sudarja
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 8, No 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (441.81 KB) | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v8i1.917

Abstract

This paper present a novel result of significant correlation between superficial velocity and viscosity on two-phase flow pattern in mini channel with slope of 30o against horizontal.             This research used glass mini pipe 1.6 mm diameter and 130 mm length with a slope of 30 ° to the horizontal position. The working fluid used is air - water with glycerin of 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% concentration. Liquid superficial velocity JL = 0.033 - 4.935 m / s and gas superficial velocity JG = 0.025 - 66.3 m / s. High-speed Camera was used to visualize the flow pattern.Summing up the result, it can be concluded that gas/water superficial velocity and viscosity of liquid effected significantly to form a flow patterns. In this paper, flow pattern of plug, bubbly, slug annular, annular, and churn were successfully found. Flow pattern maps showed that the distribution of different flow patterns due to the increased viscosity. Comparing with previous studies showed that there is a good agreement result.Keywords: high-speed, superficial velocity, viscosity, flow pattern.
Peningkatan Kemandirian Desa Melalui Pembangunan Instalasi Perpipaan Air Bersih dari Sumber Mata Air ke Rumah Penduduk Sukamta, Sukamta; Sudarja, Sudarja; Nurrahman, Budi; Kamiel, Berli Paripurna; Sudarisman, Sudarisman
Berdikari: Jurnal Inovasi dan Penerapan Ipteks Vol 7, No 1 (2019): February
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/bdr.7152

Abstract

Community empowerment program to make a village independent is very important. Village independence could be seen from various aspects, and one of which is the aspect of independence in the provision of clean water. Clean water supply activities in Balong Hamlet, Donoharjo Village, Ngaglik Sub- District, Sleman Regency are community empowerment activities in order to make Balong Hamlet independent on the aspect of the ability to provide clean water. This activity began with a survey and data collection of local residents’ water needs, followed by calculation of clean water requirements, design of clean water supply and distribution systems, implementation of piping installation, commissioning tests, economic analysis, and its contribution in making the village independent of clean water. This activity produces a piping system for clean water from the spring to the houses of Balong hamlets with a population of approximately 203 households. On average, each household needs 600 liters/day so it requires 121.8 m3 /day or 3654 m3 /month. The price of standard clean water for the Drinking Water Company (PAM) is Rp1,960.00/m3 , so the hamlet has saved Rp7,161,840.00/month or Rp85,942,080.00/year. Thus, this activity has made Balong Hamlet contribute significantly to the independence of Donoharjo Village.
UNJUK KERJA MESIN DIESEL BERBAHAN BAKAR CAMPURAN BIODIESEL JARAK DAN BIODIESEL JELANTAH Wahyudi, Wahyudi; Sarip, Sarip; Sudarja, Sudarja; Suhatno, Haris
JMPM : Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur Vol 3, No 1 (2019): JUNI 2019
Publisher : JMPM : Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmpm.3135

Abstract

AbstrakCadangan bahan bakar fosil yang bersifat tidak dapat diperbarui semakin menipis. Pengembangan energi terbarukan perlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap bahan bakar fosil, diantaranya dengan pemanfaatan minyak nabati menjadi biodisel. Pada penelitian ini digunakan bahan baku biodisel campuran minyak jarak dan biodisel minyak jelantah yang dikombinasikan dengan minyak solar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja dari mesin disel dengan menggunakan bahan bakar solar 100% dan campuran biodisel jarak ? jelantah dan solar dengan variasi 5% biodisel ? 95% solar (B5), 10% biodisel ? 90% solar (B10) dan 15% biodisel ? 85% solar (B15). Penelitian dimulai dengan melakukan pengujian sifat fisis bahan bakar meliputi viskositas, densitas, flashpoint, nilai kalor. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji unjuk kerja mesin disel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya yang dihasilkan dari bahan bakar B5, B10, B15 masih lebih rendah daripada bahan bakar solar murni. Laju konsumsi bahan bakar pada biodisel B5, B10, dan B15 lebih rendah dibanding bahan bakar solar murni. AbstractReserves of non-renewable fossil fuels are diminishing. Renewable energy development needs to be done to reduce dependence on fossil fuels, including the utilization of vegetable oil into biodiesel. This research used a mixture of jatropha and waste cooking oil biodiesel combined with diesel oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of diesel engines using 100% diesel fuel and biodiesel with a variation of 5% biodiesel - 95% diesel (B5), 10% biodiesel - 90% diesel (B10) and 15% biodiesel - 85% diesel (B15). The study has begun by testing the physical properties of the fuel, including viscosity, density, flashpoint, heating value. Then the diesel engine performance test was carried out. The results showed that the power produced from B5, B10, B15 fuels was lower than pure diesel fuel. The fuel consumption rate of B5, B10, and B15 biodiesel is lower than pure diesel fuel.
Perilaku Antarmuka Berdasarkan Data Beda Tekanan pada Peristiwa Kondensasi Aliran Uap Dengan Pendinginan dari Luar Searah pada Pipa Horisontal Berbasis Domain Waktu Sukamta, Sukamta; Ari Dwiearto, Hasan Asy; Sudarja, Sudarja
Semesta Teknika Vol 21, No 1 (2018): MEI 2018
Publisher : Semesta Teknika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.211214

Abstract

A two-phase flow pattern experiment on the condensation event of steam flow with external cooling based on the measurement of pressure difference within a horizontal pipe is carried out by varying the superficial velocity. Annulus pipes with inner pipe material made of copper and outer pipe made of galvanized iron (GIP) within an insulation of 10 mm thick were used in this experiment. The length of the pipe is 1.6 meters, outer diameter of 4 inch and inner diameter of 17 mm. The two-phase flow pattern was investigated based on differential pressure fluctuations between the inlet and outlet. To support the observation, flow pattern visualization was performed using a transparent pipe with a diameter of ¾ inch and a length of 1.3 meters connected to the test pipe section. The superficial vapor velocity was carried out from JG = 0.0689 m/s to JG = 1,9117 m/s. The results showed stratified flow patterns for the lowest superficial velocity and also obtained wavy, wavy-slug, and slug. Annular flow patterns can not be observed in this experiment. In general, increasing superficial velocity of steam will cause a significant increase in pressure fluctuations.
Co-Authors Agung Prasetyo Aldi Rahadian Ilham Ari Dwiearto, Hasan Asy Cahya Tresna Pradana Haris Suhatno Hasan Asy Ari Dwiearto J Pramana Gentur Sutapa J Pramana Gentur Sutapa, J Pramana Gentur Jayadi, Farid Kamiel, Berli Paripurna Komolosari, Eli Kuncoro Diharjo Kuncoro Diharjo Metra Prayogi Rianda Mochamad Syamsiro Muhammad Mujaddid Ighna Wathon Nurcahyadi, Teddy Nurdarojat Nurdarojat Nurdarojat, Nurdarojat Nurrahman, Budi Prajitno Prajitno Prajitno Prajitno Prasetyo, Agung Purnomo Purnomo Purnomo Purnomo Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti S Sukamta Sarip Sarip Sarip, Sarip Suhatno, Haris Sukamta Sukamta Sukamta Sukamta Sukamta Sukamta Sukamta Sukamta Sukamta, Sukamta Wahyu Widodo Wahyudi Wahyudi Wahyudi, Wahyudi Wathon, Muhammad Mujaddid Ighna