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Economics, Econometrics & Finance

Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan (JESTT) accepts original manuscripts in the field of Islamics Economics, including research reports, case reports, application of theory, critical studies and literature reviews.

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Analysis of Factors Affecting Zakat Collection: Evidence from Four ASEAN Countries Febrian Tito Zakaria Muchtar; Tika Widiastuti
Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan Vol. 9 No. 5 (2022): September-2022
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/vol9iss20225pp658-671

ABSTRAK Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki secara empiris pengaruh dari variabel makroekonomi, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM), dan jumlah penduduk terhadap penghimpunan zakat di ASEAN periode 2010-2020. Faktor makroekonomi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi Inflasi dan Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB). Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan regresi data panel untuk mengestimasi model empiris dengan melibatkan empat negara di ASEAN diantaranya Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura, dan Brunei Darussalam. Dalam artikel ini juga menemukan bahwa model terbaik yang digunakan yakni Fixed Effect Model. Hasil penelitian artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel IPM dan jumlah penduduk memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penghimpunan zakat pada empat negara di ASEAN. Sementara untuk variabel makroekonomi yang diproksikan dengan inflasi dan PDB menunjukkan hasil bahwa tingkat inflasi tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan, sedangkan PDB memiliki pengaruh negatif dan secara statistik signifikan terhadap penghimpunan zakat. Adapun rekomendasi yang diungkapkan dalam artikel ini yang ditujukan untuk lembaga pengelola zakat masing-masing negara adalah dengan menciptakan sebuah program kerja zakat yang dapat memaksimalkan potensi zakat masing-masing negara, namun harus disertai dengan adanya dukungan dari pemerintah melalui kebijakan yang dikeluarkan sehingga dapat memaksimalkan penghimpunan zakat di empat negara tersebut. Kata kunci: Penghimpunan Zakat, Makroekonomi, Indek Pembangunan Manusia, Jumlah Penduduk. ABSTRACT This article aims to empirically investigate the effect of macroeconomic variables, the Human Development Index (HDI), and population on zakat collection in ASEAN for the 2010-2020 period. Macroeconomic factors used in this study include Inflation and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The approach used in this study is quantitative using panel data regression to estimate the empirical model involving four countries in ASEAN including Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei Darussalam. This article also finds that the best model used is the Fixed Effect Model. The results of this article show that the HDI variable and population have a positive and significant influence on zakat collection in four ASEAN countries. Meanwhile, the macroeconomic variables proxied by inflation and GDP show that the inflation rate does not have a significant effect, while GDP has a negative and statistically significant effect on zakat collection. The recommendations expressed in this article aimed at zakat management institutions in each country are to create a zakat work program that can maximize the zakat potential of each country, but must be accompanied by support from the government through policies issued so as to maximize the collection of zakat. zakat in these four countries. Keywords: Collection of Zakat, Macroeconomics, Human Development Index, Population. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Afifah, N. (2017). Pengaruh produk domestik bruto (PDB) dan indeks pembangunan manusia (IPM) terhadap jumlah penghimpunan dana zakat, infaq dan shadaqah (ZIS) di Indonesia tahun 2010 - 2015. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Tulungagung: UIN SATU. Ahmad, Z. M. (2011). Pengaruh indikator makroekonomi terhadap besarnya jumlah zakat yang terkumpul di lembaga amil zakat dompet dhuafa republika tahun 1993 – 2009. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Depok: Universitas Indonesia. Ahmaddien, I., & Susanto, B. (2020). Eviews 9: Analisis regresi data panel. Gorontalo: Ideas Publishing. Aksar, N. Al. (2019). Pengaruh variabel ekonomi makro dan mikro terhadap jumlah penerimaan zakat di Indonesia. Tesis tidak dipublikasikan. Yogyakarta: Universitas Islam Indonesia. Armina, S. H., & A’yun, A. A. (2019). Pengaruh inflasi, kurs dollar, dan bi 7-day repo rate terhadap penghimpunan zakat (Periode 2015-2018). Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah dan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, 5(2), 151-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.31602/al%20iqtishadiyah.v5i2.2411 Azam, M., Iqbal, N., & Tayyab, M. (2014). Zakat and economic development: Micro and macro level evidence from Pakistan. Bulletin of Business and Economics, 3(2), 85–95. Beik, I. S. (2015). Towards international standardization of zakat system. Fiqh Zakat International Conference, December, 3–17. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.4490.1207 DetikEdu. (2021). 3 Negara di Asia Tenggara dengan Penduduk Mayoritas Islam. Retrieved from. https://www.detik.com/edu/detikpedia/d-5718027/3-negara-di-asia-tenggara-dengan-penduduk-mayoritas-islam Diniati, B. T. (2021). Pengaruh bi rate, penanaman modal dalam negeri, produk domestik bruto, jumlah penduduk, indeks produksi industri terhadap penghimpunan dana zakat di indonesia tahun 2015.01-2019.12. Journal of Economic and Policy Studies, 2(1), 44-55. https://doi.org/10.21274/jeps.2021.2.1.44-55 Dornbusch, R., & Stanley, F. (2003). Moderate inflation. World Bank Economic Review, 7, 1–44. Dwitama, R. B., & Widiastuti, T. (2016). Pengaruh indikator makroekonomi: Infasi dan nilai tukar rupiah terhadap jumlah zakat terkumpul di lembaga amil zakat dompet dhuafa periode 1997-2013. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori Dan Terapan, 3(7), 584-599. Eko, S., Aslam, M., & Harun, A. (2017). Zakat and SDGs : Impact zakat on human development in the five states of Malaysia. International Journal of Zakat, 2(1), 61–69. https://doi.org/10.37706/ijaz.v2i1.15 Fahmi, Z., & Muhammad Nur, M. (2018). Pengaruh pengetahuan, pendapatan, dan kepercayaan, terhadap minat muzakki dalam membayar zakat di baitul mal kota Lhokseumawe. Jurnal Ekonomi Regional Unimal, 1(3), 89. https://doi.org/10.29103/jeru.v1i3.592 Febrianti. (2011). Praktek pengelolaan zakat di negara Muslim (Studi Kasus Pada Negara Brunei Darussalam). Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Jakarta: UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Global Religious Futures. (2021). The future of the global Muslim population. Retrieved from http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/religions/muslims Harjanto, I. (2011). Teori pembangunan. Malang: UB Press. Hidayatie, H. (2018). Analisis pengelolaan zakat di Indonesia dan Malaysia. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan: Banjarmasin: Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin. Hutabarat, A. R. (2005). Determinan Inflasi Indonesia. Occasional Paper no. 6/2, Biro Riset Ekonomi, Direktorat Riset Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Moneter Bank Indonesia. Islamiyati, D., & Hany, I. H. (2019). Pengaruh inflasi, indeks produksi industri, dan kurs terhadap penghimpunan zakat, infaq, dan sedekah. Telaah Bisnis, 20(2), 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35917/tb.v20i2.167 Junaidi, & Hardiani. (2009). Dasar-dasar teori ekonomi kependudukan. Jakarta: Hamada Prima. Kahf, M. (1999). Principle of socioeconomics justice in the contemporary fiqh of zakah. Retrieved from http://monzer.kahf.com/papers/english/socioeconomic_justice.pdf Kusmono, H. (2011). Analisis determinan penerimaan pajak di Indonesia. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara. Kusumawardhani, N. M. S., Srinadi, I. G. A. M., & Susilawati, M. (2012). Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi PDB Indonesia dengan persamaan simultan 2SLS. E-Jurnal Matematika, 1(1), 99–102. https://doi.org/10.24843/MTK.2012.v01.i01.p018 Mankiw, N. G. (2007). Principles of economics. Singapore: Cengage Learning. McEachern, W. A. (2000). Ekonomi makro: Pendekatan kontemporer. Jakarta: Salemba Empat. Mu’is, F. (2011). Zakat A-Z; Panduan mudah, lengkap dan praktis tentang zakat. Solo: Tinta Medina. Nasim Shah, S., & Amin, B. (2009). Providing for the resource shortfall for poverty elimination through potential zakat collection in OIC-member countries: Reappraised. Jounal of Islamic Economic Banking and Finance. Nasrulloh, A. (2012). Peran zakat dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di provinsi daerah istimewa Yogyakarta. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Yogyakarta: Universitas Islam Indonesia. Nasution, L. (2005). Fiqih 1. Tangerang Selatan: Logos. Niswah, I. D. (2021). The comparison of zakat utilization in Muslim minority and majority country. Islamic Social Finance, 1(1), 1-6. Niswah, I. D., Marlina, L., & Rahayu, S. S. (2020). A review of zakat studies in ASEAN. Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Indonesia, 2(April), 1–13. Omar, N. (2020). The growth trend of zakat collection based on gold price, nisab and macroeconomic variables. E-Proceeding: Seminar Antarabangsa Islam Dan Sains (SAIS 2020). Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia Pratiwi, I. (2019). Analisis pengaruh inflasi, nilai tukar rupiah dan jumlah penduduk terhadap penghimpunan dana zakat infaq dan shadaqah (ZIS) di Indonesia tahun 2003-2015. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Surakarta: Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Puskas BAZNAS. (2021). Outlook zakat 2021. Retrieved from https://puskasbaznas.com/publications/books/1418-outlook-zakat-indonesia-2021 Rahayu, A., Harto, P. P., & Syamsul Bahri, E. (2021). The impact of macroeconomic indicators on zakah receipt during the covid-19 pandemic era. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, 6(2), 60–74. https://doi.org/10.22219/jes.v6i1.16394 Ratu, M. K., & Meiriasari, V. (2021). Analisis perbandingan audit syariah pada lembaga keuangan islam di Asia Tenggara (Studi literatur di Indonesia, Malaysia, Dan Brunei). Jurnal Proaksi, 8(1), 50–57. https://doi.org/10.32534/jpk.v8i1.1526 Rusmawati, R. (2019). Analisis pengaruh produk domestik regional bruto (PDRB), indeks pembangunan manusia (IPM), upah minimum regional (UMR) dan jumlah penduduk terhadap penghimpunan zakat infaq dan shodaqoh (ZIS) di Indonesia tahun 2012-2016. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Surakarta: Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Saadillah, R., Kusnendi., & Firmansyah. (2019). Impact of inflation, interest rate, and industrial production index (IPI) on the amount of zakat in central baznas period 2011-2017. KnE Social Sciences, 3(13), 1371. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i13.4291 Samuelson, P. A., & Nordhaus, W. D. (2004). Ilmu makroekonomi. Surabaya: Media Global Edukasi. Sari, W. I., Nasution, L. N., & Novalina, A. (2021). Analisis leading indicator kebijakan moneter dalam mengatasi kemiskinan di 5 negara Asia Tenggara. Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Dan Kebijakan Publik, 6(2), 610–618. Senawi, A. R., Isa, M. P. M., & Harun, A. (2018). ZakāT collection and the effects of the macroeconomic factors: Malaysia evidence. Asia International Multidisciplinary Conference, July, 607–614. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2018.05.49 Sitinjak, N. D. (2016). Dampak inflasi, pertumbuhan jumlah pekerja, dan pertumbuhan PDB per kapita terhadap penerimaan pajak. Eksis: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 11(2), 165-171. https://doi.org/10.26533/eksis.v11i2.41 Subardi, H. M. P., Sukmadilaga, C., & Yuliafitri, I. (2020). Analisis tingkat efisiensi badan pengelola zakat di tiga negara ASEAN (Indonesia, Malaysia dan Singapura). Islamiconomic: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 11(1), 55–76. https://doi.org/10.32678/ijei.v11i1.139 Sukirno, S. (2013). Makro ekonomi, teori pengantar. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada. UNDP. (1993). Human development report. New York: UNDP UNDP. (2013). Human development report. New York: UNDP

Capital Buffers Determination of Islamic Banks in Indonesia Aneu Cakhyaneu; Rina Apriyani
Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan Vol. 9 No. 5 (2022): September-2022
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/vol9iss20225pp760-771

ABSTRAK Penerapan kebijakan Capital Buffer sangat diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas permodalan bank Syariah. Di satu sisi bank menghadapi dilema untuk tetap mempertahankan keamanan modalnya, atau memilih untuk meningkatkan keuntungan usahanya. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Capital Buffer Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya dengan menggunakan metode kausalitas melalui pendekatan kuantitatif. Bank Umum Syariah (BUS) sebanyak 14 BUS menjadi populasi, sedangkan untuk sampel diambil sebanyak 12 BUS selama lima tahun dengan tekhnik purposive sampling. Adapun teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi data panel dengan aplikasi Eviews9. Capital Buffer menjadi variable dependen sedangkan variabel independennya adalah tingkat risiko pembiayaan bermasalah (NPF), tingkat profitabilitas (ROE), ukuran bank (Size) dan tingkat likuiditas (FDR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara parsial tingkat risiko pembiayaan (NPF) tidak berpengaruh terhadap Capital Buffer, tingkat profitabilitas tidak berpengaruh terhadap Capital Buffer, ukuran bank (Size) berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap Capital Buffer dan tingkat likuiditas berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap Capital Buffer. Implikasi dari penelitian ini yaitu besar atau kecilnya NPF serta tingkat profitabilitas yang dimiliki bank tidak akan terlalu berpengaruh terhadap ketersediaan Capital Buffer, namun semakin besar ukuran bank (aset) dan tingkat likuiditas yang dimiliki bank akan menjadikan Capital Buffer suatu bank dalam keadaan stabil sehingga dalam hal ini bank harus senantiasa meningkatkan kualitas asset dan cadangan likuiditasnya. Kata Kunci: Capital Buffer, NPF, ROE, Bank Size, FDR. ABSTRACT The implementation of the Capital Buffer policy is very much needed to improve the quality of Islamic bank capital. On the one hand, the bank faces a dilemma to maintain the safety of its capital, or choose to increase its business profits. The purpose of this study is to determine the Capital Buffer of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia and the factors that influence it by using the causality method through a quantitative approach. As many as 14 Sharia Commercial Banks (BUS) became the population, while the sample was taken by 12 BUS for five years using purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis using the Eviews9 application. Capital Buffer is the dependent variable, while the independent variables are the level of non-performing financing risk (NPF), profitability (ROE), bank size (Size) and liquidity level (FDR). The results showed that partially the level of financing risk (NPF) had no effect on the Capital Buffer, the level of profitability had no effect on the Capital Buffer, the size of the bank (Size) had a significant negative effect on the Capital Buffer and the level of liquidity had a significantly negative effect on the Capital Buffer. The implication of this research is that the size of the NPF and the level of profitability owned by the bank will not greatly affect the availability of Capital Buffers, but the larger the size of the bank (assets) and the level of liquidity owned by the bank will make the Capital Buffer of a bank in a stable condition so that in terms of Banks must always improve the quality of their assets and liquidity reserves. Keywords: Capital Buffer, NPF, ROE, Bank Size, FDR. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Agustuty, L., & Ruslan, A. (2019). Determinan capital buffer pada industri perbankan. Movere Journal, 1(2), 164-174. Andhika, Y. D., & Suprayogi, N. (2017). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi capital adequacy ratio (CAR) bank umum syariah di Indonesia . Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan, 4(4), 312-323. https://doi.org/10.20473/vol4iss20174pp312-323 Andiani, L., & Kurnia, K. (2017). Pengaruh risiko, profitabilitas, kebijakan dividen, ukuran, dan likuiditas bank terhadap capital buffer. Jurnal Ilmu dan Riset Akuntansi, 6(5), 2013-2031. Anjarwati, K. N., & Ibnu, H., & Madi, R. A. (2016). Determinant capital buffer studi kasus pada bank umum swasta nasional non devisa di Indonesia periode tahun 2012-2016. Jurnal Universitas Halu Oleo Kendari, 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31227/osf.io/hrmnp Anggitasari, A. A. (2013). Hubungan simultan antara capital buffer dan risiko. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro. Bayuseno, M. C., & Chabahib, M. (2014). Analisis faktor yang mempengaruhi capial buffer perbankan di Indonesia (Studi pada bank-bank konvensional go public periode 2010-2013). Diponegoro Journal of Management, 3(4), 1-13. Claudio Borio, C. F., Furfine, C., & Lowe, P. (2001). Procyclicality of the financial system and financial stabiity: Issue and policy options. In Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Marrying the macro- and micro-prudential dimensions of financial stability (pp. 1-57). Bank for International Settlements. Distinguin, I., Roulet, C., & Tarazi, A. (2013). Bank regulatory capital and liquidity: Evidence from US and European. Journal of Banking & Finance 37(9), 3295–3317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2013.04.027 Effendi, T. U. (2018). Analisis faktor internal bank terhadap capital buffer pada industri perbankan di Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Indonesia, 2, 231-241. Fauzia, N. A., & Idris, D. (2016). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi capital buffer (Studi kasus pada bank umum konvensional yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2011-2014). Diponegoro Journal of Management, 5(2), 354-365. Gursoy, G. A. (2013). The determinants of capital buffer in the Turkish banking system. International Business Research, 6(1), 224-234. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v6n1p224 Haryanto, S. (2015). Determinan capital buffer: Kajian empirik industri perbankan nasional. Jurnal Ekonomi Modernisasi, 11(2), 108- 123. https://doi.org/10.21067/jem.v11i2.872 Hisan, U. F. C., & Septiarini, D. F. (2020). Pengaruh faktor fundamental dan variabel makroekonomi terhadap capital buffer bank syariah. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan, 7(2), 356-371. https://doi.org/10.20473/vol7iss20202pp356-371 Ichtiani, H., Sadalia, I., & Butar, N. A. B. (2017). Analysis of capital buffer in Indonesian banking. Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Organizational Innovation (ICOI 2017), 131, 128-132. https://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icoi-17.2017.21 Indrawati, N. K., Salim, U., Hadiwidjojo, D., & Syam, N. (2012). Manajemen risiko berbasis spritual Islam. Ekuitas: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan, 16(2), 184-208. https://doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2012.v16.i2.217 Kurnia, K., & Andiani, L. (2017). Pengaruh risiko, profitabilitas, kebijakan deviden, ukuran perusahaan dan likuiditas bank terhadap capital buffer. Jurnal Ilmu dan Riset Akuntansi, 6(5), 2013-2031. Mishkin, F. (2008). Ekonomi uang, perbankan dan pasar uang. Jakarta: Salemba Empat. Noreen, U., Alamdar, F., & Tariq, T. (2016). Capital buffers and banks risk: Empirical study of adjustment of Pakistani banks. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issue, 6 (4), 1798-1806. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2021). Statistik perbankan Indonesia. Jakarta: Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Pravasanti, Y. A. (2018). Pengaruh NPF dan FDR terhadap CAR dan dampaknya terhadap ROA pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 4(3), 148-159. http://dx.doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v4i03.302 Purwati, J., Sudarto, & Suwaryo. (2016). Analisis hubungan jangka panjang dan jangka pendek antara NPL, ROE, SIZE dan LOTA terhadap capital buffer. Jurnal Performance, 22(2), 29-48. Rasyidin, D. (2016). Financing to deposit ratio (FDR) sebagai salah satu penilaian kesehatan bank umum syariah (Study kasus pada bank BJB syariah cabang Serang). Jurnal Ekonomi Keuangan dan Bisnis Islam, 7(1), 19-36. https://doi.org/10.32678/ijei.v7i1.34 Rohmana, Y. (2010). Ekonometrika teori dan aplikasi dengan eviews. Bandung: Laboratorium Pendidikan Ekonomi dan Koperasi. Sukmana, R., & Kholid, M. (2013). An assessment of liquidity policies with respect to Islamic and conventional banks: A case study of Indonesia. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 5(2), 126-138. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-09-2011-0023. Shim, J. (2013). Bank capital buffer and portfolio risk: The influence of business cycleand revenue diversification. Journal of Banking & Finance 37(3), 761–772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2012.10.002 Siringoringo, R. (2012). Karakter dan fungsi intermediasi perbankan di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Moneter dan Perbankan, 15(1), 68. https://doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v15i1.57 Suryani, S., & Hendriyadi, H. (2015). Metode riset kuantitatf teoei dan aplikasi pada penelitian bidang manajemen dan ekonomi Islam. Jakarta: Prenadamedia. Tasman, A. (2020). Capital buffer dan faktor penentunya di Indonesia. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Ekonomi, 10(2), 132-143. https://doi.org/10.24036/011098000 Taswan. (2010). Manajemen perbankan: Konsep, teknik dan aplikasi. Yogyakarta: UPP STIM YKPN Yogyakarta. Wibowo, B. (2016). Stabilitas bank, tingkat persaingan antar bank dan diversifikasi sumber pendapatan: Analisis perkelompok bank di Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi, 15(2), 172-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.12695/jmt.2016.15.2.5

The Relationship of Audit Quality, Audit Committee, and Sharia Supervisory Board on the Performance of Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia Jihan Irbah Nadiah; Dian Filianti
Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan Vol. 9 No. 5 (2022): September-2022
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/vol9iss20225pp731-746

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui hubungan kualitas audit, komite audit, dan Dewan Pengawas Syariah (DPS) terhadap kinerja Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia pada tahun 2015-2020 yang diproksikan dengan ROA, baik secara parsial dan simultan. Melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis regresi data panel, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial, kualitas audit yang dihasilkan KAP Big 4 berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja bank umum syariah. Pada variabel komite audit, ukuran komite audit tidak mempengaruhi kinerja bank umum syariah, sedangkan kompetensi dan frekuensi komite audit berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kinerja bank umum syariah. Pada variabel DPS, ukuran dan frekuensi rapat DPS berpengaruh negatif signfikan terhadap kinerja bank umum syariah, sedangkan kompetensi DPS berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja bank umum syariah. Secara simultan, kualitas audit, komite audit, serta DPS berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja bank umum syariah. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi manajemen perusahaan, sebagai bahan pertimbangan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas peran pengawasan dalam penerapan tata kelola perusahaan agar dapat mewujudkan kinerja perusahaan menjadi lebih baik. Kata Kunci: Kualitas audit, Komite audit, Dewan Pengawas Syariah, Kinerja Bank. ABSTRACT This study aims is to find out the relationship between audit quality, audit committee, and Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) on the performance of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia in 2015-2020 as proxied by ROA, both partially and simultaneously. Through a quantitative approach with panel data regression analysis techniques, the results of the study show that partially, the audit quality produced by KAP Big 4 has a significant positive effect on the performance of Islamic commercial banks. In the audit committee variable, the size of the audit committee does not affect the performance of Islamic commercial banks, while the competence and frequency of the audit committee have a significant negative effect on the performance of Islamic commercial banks. In the DPS variable, the size and frequency of DPS meetings have a significant negative effect on the performance of Islamic commercial banks, while DPS competence has a significant positive effect on the performance of Islamic commercial banks. Simultaneously, audit quality, audit committee, and DPS have a significant positive effect on the performance of Islamic commercial banks. This research is expected to be useful for company management, as a consideration for increasing the effectiveness of the supervisory role in the implementation of corporate governance in order to realize better company performance. Keywords: Audit Quality, Audit committee, Shariah Supervisory Board, Banks performance. 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The Impact of Spin-off and Bank Consolidation on Market Share and Sharia Bank’s Performance in Indonesia Anggi Yulyanti; Endang Hatma Juniwati
Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan Vol. 9 No. 5 (2022): September-2022
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/vol9iss20225pp643-657

ABSTRAK Dalam penelitian ini, diduga dua kebijakan spin-off dan konsolidasi yang dicanangkan oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (Mikroprudensial) memiliki peran besar dalam mempengaruhi perkembangan industri perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Kehadiran kedua kebijakan, menghasilkan opsi bagi perbankan syariah dalam menentukan strategi corporate action untuk mengembangkan skala bisnisnya. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya analisis dampak penerapan kebijakan oleh UUS maupun BUS terdahulu agar menjadi acuan dalam menentuan strategi yang tepat. Selain itu, penelitian ini bermaksud untuk melakukan evaluasi atas penerapan kebijakan oleh pemangku kepentingan. Dalam penelitian ini, kedua kebijakan dijadikan variabel dummy kemudian dilihat pengaruh atau dampaknya secara parsial dengan metode difference-in-differences terhadap variabel DPK dan PYD (Pangsa Pasar), ROA (Rasio Profitaliblitas), NPF (Pembiayaan Bermasalah), BOPO (Fungsi Efisiensi), dan FDR (Fungsi Intermediasi) yang dikelompokan berdasarkan kasus masing-masing bank sesuai karakteristik dan periode yang berbeda. Secara umum regresi kedua kebijakan menunjukan hasil dan dampak yang berbeda-beda berdasarkan kelompok observasinya. Spin-off dan konsolidasi secara umum dapat menaikan pangsa pasar bank perlakuan meskipun masih terdapat kasus penurunan pangsa pasar pasca spin-off. Penerapan spin-off berpengaruh negatif terhadap NPF BJB Syariah namun berdampak positif pada NPF BNI Syariah, sedangkan BSI yang menerapkan konsolidasi tidak mempengaruhi NPF nya. Spin-off dan konsolidasi tidak mempengaruhi profitabilitas bank perlakuan namun spin-off bagi BTPN Syariah berdampak positif pada rasio profitabilitasnya. Konsolidasi, sebagai bentuk pelengkap dari kebijakan spin-off, belum mampu menunjukan dampak terhadap efisiensi bank perlakuan. Hal ini, bisa terjadi karena kasus konsolidasi melalui merger baru dilakukan tahun lalu dimana perubahan jangka panjangnya belum bisa terlihat. Berbeda dengan spin-off yang dilakukan BTPN Syariah dan BNI Syariah menunjukan dampak positif terhadap efisiensinya. Dari sisi fungsi intermediasi perbankan, konsolidasi yang diterapkan BSI berdampak positif yang menunjukan kemampuan likuiditasnya semakin baik. Sedangkan spin-off secara umum belum mampu menunjukan dampaknya terhadap fungsi intermediasi bank perlakuan, namun bagi bank BTPN Syariah spin-off yang diterapkannya berdampak positif dan menunjukan kemampuan likuiditasnya semakin baik. Kata Kunci: Spin-off, Konsolidasi, Pangsa Pasar, dan Kinerja Bank Syariah. ABSTRACT According to this study, the Financial Services Authority's (Microprudential) two spin-off and consolidation policies may have had a significant impact on the growth of Indonesia's Islamic banking sector. The existence of these two policies gives Islamic banking options when choosing corporate action plans to expand the scope of its operations. As a result, it's important to assess the effects of the policies that the previous UUS and BUS implemented so that it may be used as a guide when choosing the best action to take. Furthermore, the purpose of this research is to assess how stakeholders execute policies. The two policies are employed as dummy variables in this study, and the effect or influence is seen partially using the difference-in-differences approach on the variables of DPK and PYD (Market Share), ROA (Profitability Ratio), NPF (Problematic Financing), BOPO (Efficiency Function), and FDR (Intermediation Function), which are grouped based on the case of each bank according to distinct features and dates. In general, the results and implications of the two policies differ depending on the group of data. Spin-offs and consolidation in general can improve treatment banks' market share, while there have been cases of diminishing market share after the spin-off. The implementation of the spin-off has a negative impact on BJB Syariah's NPF but a positive one on BNI Syariah's NPF, whereas the BSI that executes consolidation has no effect on its NPF. The spin-off and consolidation had no effect on the treatment bank's profitability, however the spin-off for BTPN Syariah had a beneficial influence on its profitability ratio. Consolidation, as a complementary version of the spin-off policy, has had little effect on the efficiency of treatment banks. This is possible since a case of consolidation through a new merger was carried out last year, with no long-term impacts visible. It exhibits a favorable impact on efficiency in contrast to the spin-offs carried out by BTPN Syariah and BNI Syariah The consolidation that BSI undertook had a favorable effect on the banking intermediation function, showing that its liquidity capacity is expanding. While the spin-off has not been able to prove its impact on the treatment bank's intermediation function in general, it has had a favorable impact on BTPN Syariah bank and indicates that its liquidity capacity is expanding. Keywords: Spin-off, consolidation, market share, and Sharia bank performance. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Al Arif, M. N. R., Nachrowi, N. D., Nasution, M. E., & Mahmud, T. M. Z. (2018). Evaluation of the spinoffs criteria: A lesson from the Indonesian Islamic banking industry. Iqtishadia, 11(1), 85-104. https://doi.org/10.21043/iqtishadia.v11i1.3211 Arif, M. N. R. A. (2018). Does the spin-off policy can accelerate the deposit funds in the Indonesian Islamic banking industry? Journal of Business & Retail Management Research, 13(01), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.24052/JBRMR/V13IS01/ART-17 Arwani, M., & Zain, D. (2011). Peran karakteristik individu sebagai moderator dan pemasaran relasional sebagai mediator pengaruh kepuasan terhadap loyalitas (Studi pada nasabah bank syariah di Jawa Timur). JAM: Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 9(3), 953-961. Gertler, P. J., Martinez, S., Premand, P., Rawlings, L. B., & Vermeersch, C. M. J. (2016). Impact evaluation in practice. The World Bank. Ginting, J. A. (2020). Analisis faktor kinerja perusahaan yang mempengaruhi market share perbankan periode 2016-2022. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Banda Aceh: UIN Ar-Raniry. Gupitasari, N., Setyowati, R., & Muhyidin. (2016). Mekanisme konsolidasi bank syariah anak perusahaan badan usaha milik negara (BUMN) dari perspektif yuridis. Diponegoro Law Journal, 5(3), 1-22. Hendra, S. T. N., & Hartomo, D. D. (2017). Pengaruh konsentrasi dan pangsa pasar terhadap pengambilan resiko bank. Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen (Journal of Business and Management), 17(2), 35–50. https://doi.org/10.20961/jbm.v17i2.17176 Hilman, I. (2019). Strategi spin-off untuk meningkatkan kinerja bisnis perbankan syariah di Indonesia. STIE ekuitas, 1-20. Iqbal, M. (2014). Kebijakan office channeling dan spin-off stimulan perbankan syariah. Jurnal Manajemen & Bisnis, 9, 37-44. Khandker, S. R., Koolwal, G. B., & Samad, H. A. (2009). Handbook on impact evaluation: Quantitative methods and practices. The World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-0-8213-8028-4 Khotibul, U., & Antoni, V. (2015). Corporate action pembentukan bank syariah (Akuisisi, konversi, dan spin-off). Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Lemiyana, & Litriani. (2016). Pengaruh NPF, FDR, BOPO terhadap Return On Asset (ROA) pada bank umum syariah. I-Economics: A Research Journal on Islamic Economics, 2(1), 31–49. Mahmudah, N., & Harjanti, R. S. (2016). Analisis capital adequacy ratio, financing to deposit ratio, non performing financing, dan dana pihak ketiga terhadap tingkat profitabilitas bank umum syariah periode 2011-2013. Prosiding Seminar Nasional IPTEK Terapan, 1(1), 134-143. Nasuha, A. (2012). Dampak kebijakan spin-off terhadap kinerja bank syariah. Al Iqtishad, 4(2), 241-258. https://doi.org/10.15408/aiq.v4i2.2534 Nawangwulan, K. (2020). Pengaruh spin-off, NPF, BOPO terhadap dana pihak ketiga dan kinerja keuangan perbankan syariah. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Yogyakarta: Universitas Islam Indonesia. Netyana, A. D. (2017). Analisis pengaruh kebijakan spin-off terhadap profitabilitas bank syariah di Indonesia. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Malang: Universitas Brawijaya. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2020). POJK No. 20 tahun 2020. Retrieved from https://www.ojk.go.id/id/regulasi/Pages/Konsolidasi-Bank-Umum.aspx Pambuko, Z. B. (2019). Kebijakan spin-off dan efisiensi perbankan syariah di indonesia. Ihtifaz: Journal of Islamic Economics, Finance, and Banking, 2(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.12928/ijiefb.v2i1.822 Poerwokoesoemo, A. (2017). Kinerja bank konvensional pasca spin off unit usaha syariah. Jurnal Keuangan dan Perbankan, 12(2), 145–164. Putri, A. R. (2020). Pengaruh jumlah pembiayaan yang disalurkan (DPK), dana pihak ketiga (DPK), dan inflasi terhadap tingkat likuiditas (Financing to deposit ratio) BRI syariah periode 2010-2018. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Tulungagung: UIN SATU. Rofiatun, N. F. (2016). Pengaruh pangsa pasar dan indikator perbankan terhadap profitabilitas bank umum syariah Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Economics Lariba, 2(1), 13-24. https://doi.org/10.20885/jielariba.vol2.iss1.art5 Sarifudin, M., & Faturohman, T. (2017). Spin-off efficiency analysis of Indonesian Islamic banks. Journal of Business and Management, 6(2), 192–202. Setiawan, S. (2018). Determinan penentu pertumbuhan dana pihak ketiga perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Maps (Manajemen Perbankan Syariah), 1(2), 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32483/maps.v1i2.4 Sholihin, M., & Anggraini, P. G. (2021). Analisis data penelitian menggunakan software STATA. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi. Syafrida, I., & Aminah, I. (2015). Faktor perlambatan pertumbuhan bank syariah di Indonesia dan upaya penanganannya. Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis PNJ, 14(1), 7-20. https://doi.org/10.32722/eb.v14i1.753 Taga, A. A., Nawawi, K. L., & Kosim, A. M. (2019). Perkembangan perbankan syariah sebelum dan sesudah spin-off. Tafaqquh: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah dan Ahwal Syahsiyah, 4(1), 78–110. Trinugroho, I., Santoso, W., Irawanto, R., & Pamungkas, P. (2020). Is spin-off policy an effective to improve performance of Islamic bank evidence from Indonesia. Research in International Business and Finance, 56(April 2022). Yaya, R., Martawireja, A. E., & Abdurahim, A. (2014). Akuntansi perbankan syariah: Teori dan praktik kontemporer. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.

Risk Comparison Analysis of Islamic and Conventional Stock Price Index Volatility (Jakarta Islamic Index and LQ45 Index) Nur Aisyah Indarningsih; Hasbi
Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan Vol. 9 No. 5 (2022): September-2022
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/vol9iss20225pp694-709

ABSTRAK Pada pasar modal, salah satu produk keuangan yang rutin ditransaksikan adalah saham. Ada dua jenis pasar keuangan yang berbeda: yang berdasarkan hukum syariah dan yang berdasarkan prinsip pasar konvensional. Masing-masing memiliki jenis penawaran sekuritas yang berbeda dan tingkat risiko yang diterima dapat berbeda. Pasar saham memiliki sejumlah bahaya, salah satunya volatilitas yang mengacu pada fakta bahwa harga dapat naik dan turun. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk membandingkan tingkat risiko yang terkait dengan indikasi harga syariah dan konvensional yang diperdagangkan di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Setelah itu digunakan model ARMA/ARIMA, dan setelah itu dilanjutkan dengan model volatilitas ARCH/GARCH. Kedua model ini digunakan untuk menentukan volatilitas dan membandingkannya. Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) dan indeks LQ45 digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data, yang mencakup periode waktu dari 1 Januari 2012 hingga 27 Mei 2022. Hasil penelitian yaitu pasar modal syariah relatif lebih tahan terhadap krisis jika dibandingkan dengan pasar modal konvensional, maka hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa risiko volatilitas indeks harga saham syariah lebih rendah daripada risiko volatilitas indeks harga saham konvensional. Alasannya ditunjukkan oleh fakta bahwa risiko volatilitas indeks harga saham syariah lebih rendah. Pasar modal syariah menyediakan media investasi yang lebih aman bagi mereka yang ingin menghindari dampak krisis. Wawasan ini dapat menjadi referensi bagi investor saat memilih indeks saham untuk diikuti. Kata Kunci: Jakarta Islamic Indeks, Indeks LQ45, Volatilitas, Pasar Modal Syariah dan Konvensional, GARCH. ABSTRACT In the capital market, one of the financial products that are routinely traded is shares. There are two distinct types of financial markets: those based on sharia law and those based on conventional market principles. Each has a different type of security offering and the level of risk accepted may differ. The stock market has a number of dangers, one of which is volatility which refers to the fact that prices can go up and down. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing the level of risk associated with Islamic and conventional price indications traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. After that, the ARMA/ARIMA model is used, and after that it is continued with the ARCH/GARCH volatility model. These two models are used to determine volatility and compare them. The Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) and the LQ45 index were used to collect data, covering the time period from January 1, 2012 to May 27, 2022. The results of the study show that the Islamic capital market is relatively more resilient to crises when compared to the conventional capital market. the risk of volatility of the Islamic stock price index is lower than the risk of volatility of the conventional stock price index. The reason is shown by the fact that the volatility risk of Islamic stock price index is lower. The Islamic capital market provides a safer investment medium for those who wish to avoid the impact of the crisis. This insight can be a reference for investors when choosing a stock index to follow. Keywords: Jakarta Islamic Index, LQ45 Index, Volatility, Islamic and Conventional Capital Markets, GARCH. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Arif, M. N. R. A. (2015). Pengantar ekonomi syariah teori dan praktek. Bandung: CV. Pustaka Setia. Arifin, S., & Qizam, I. (2021). Quantitative sharia-screening effect on portfolio performance and volatility: Evidence from Indonesia. Global Review of Islamic Economics and Business, 9(1), 43-63. https://doi.org/10.14421/grieb.2021.091-04 Azakia, K., Supandi, A. F., Ramadhani, K., & Dani, F. U. (2020). Risiko, return investasi dan kinerja saham (Studi perbandingan volatilitas harga saham syariah dan konvensional dengan menggunakan model garch). 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Problems and Solutions for Cash Waqf Collection in Indonesia: Analytical Hierarchy Process Approach Muhammad Fathrul Quddus; Hilda Manoarfa; Suci Aprilliani Utami
Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan Vol. 9 No. 5 (2022): September-2022
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/vol9iss20225pp710-730

ABSTRAK Penghimpunan wakaf tunai di Indonesia belum terhimpun secara optimal meskipun memiliki potensi yang besar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui masalah terbesar dan juga solusi yang menjadi prioritas penghimpunan wakaf tunai di Indonesia dengan menggunakan 5 aspek yaitu regulator, pengelola, promosi, program dan masyarakat. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Penelitian ini melibatkan 9 responden ahli menilai dan membandingkan masalah dan solusi penghimpunan wakaf tunai di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa belum semua lembaga mendigitalisasi penghimpunan wakaf menjadi masalah terbesar dalam penghimpunan wakaf tunai di Indonesia berdasarakan pendapat para responden ahli. Selanjutnya prioritas solusi berdasarkan penilaian para responden ahli adalah mengembangkan profesionalitas nazir. Selanjutnya, hasil penelitian menghasilkan bahwa secara umum aspek yang paling bermasalah adalah aspek regulator, begitu juga dengan prioritas solusi secara umum adalah aspek regulator. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah hasil penelitian dapat dijadikan pertimbangan oleh pengelola wakaf untuk mengoptimalkan digitalisasi dalam penghimpunan wakaf serta meningkatkan profesionalitas nazir. Selain itu, penelitian ini dapat dijadikan referensi oleh pemangku kebijakan untuk merumuskan suatu kebijakan yang mendukung penghimpunan wakaf. Kata Kunci: Wakaf Tunai, Regulator, Pengelola, Promosi, Program, Masyarakat. ABSTRACT The collection of cash waqf in Indonesia has not been collected optimally even though it has enormous potential. This study aims to find out the biggest problems and solutions that become priorities in collecting cash waqf in Indonesia by using 5 aspects, namely regulators, managers, promotions, programs and society. The data analysis technique used is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This study involved 9 respondents who were asked to assess the problems and solutions for collecting cash waqf in Indonesia. The results of the study show that not all institutions have digitized waqf collection into the biggest problem in collecting cash waqf in Indonesia based on the opinion of expert respondents. Furthermore, the priority based on the assessment of the expert respondents is to improve the professionalism of Nazir. The next result is the regulatory aspect that is the most problematic, as well as the priority solutions on the regulatory aspect. The implication of this research is that the results of the research can be taken into consideration by waqf managers to optimize digitalization in collecting waqf and increasing the professionalism of nazir. In addition, this research can be used as a reference by policy makers to formulate a policy that supports the collection of waqf. 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Sharia Audit and Shariah Compliance of Islamic Financial Institutions: A Bibliometric Analysis Fatimah Tuzzahroh; Sugiyarti Fatma Laela
Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan Vol. 9 No. 6 (2022): November-2022
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/vol9iss20226pp815-833

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya tentang audit syariah dan perannya dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan syariah di lembaga keuangan syariah (LKS). Penelitian ini juga menguraikan tantangan yang dihadapi oleh LKS dan solusi dalam mengimplementasikan audit syariah. Sebanyak 308 publikasi diperoleh dari database Google scholar, Emerald Insight, Research Gate, Crossref, Microsoft Academic and Pubmed yang diakses dengan perangkat lunak Publish or Perish (PoP) dalam kurun waktu 2008-2021. Studi ini menerapkan analisis bibliometrik menggunakan VOSviewer, yang mengubah metadata publikasi menjadi visualisasi sesuai dengan co-occurrence. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa audit syariah telah diterapkan di beberapa negara yang didominasi oleh Malaysia. Sebagian besar praktik audit syariah merupakan bagian dari fungsi audit internal. Audit syariah diidentifikasi sebagai mekanisme untuk memastikan kepatuhan syariah. Tantangan utama dalam pelaksanaan audit syariah antara lain: kurangnya kerangka dan standar audit syariah yang menyebabkan perselisihan di antara praktisi LKS, kurangnya auditor syariah yang berkualitas yang memiliki pengetahuan syariah yang memadai dan terlatih dengan baik, audit syariah dianggap menciptakan masalah inefisiensi. Peran komite tata kelola syariah dan dewan pengawas syariah direkomendasikan agar lebih optimal untuk memastikan efektivitas audit syariah. Penelitian ini memberikan pembahasan komprehensif tentang audit syariah, perannya dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan syariah, tantangan dan solusi yang ditawarkan belajar dari berbagai negara. Kata Kunci: Audit syariah, kepatuhan syariah, lembaga keuangan syariah, bibliometrik. ABSTRACT This study aimed to map out previous studies on sharia auditing and its role in improving sharia compliance in Islamic financial institutions (IFIs). It also outlined the challenges faced by IFIs and solutions in implementing shariah audit. A total of 308 publications were obtained from the Google scholar database, Emerald Insight, Research Gate, Crossref, Microsoft Academic and Pubmed which were accessed using the Publish or Perish (PoP) software in the 2008-2021 period. This study finds that sharia audits have been implemented in several countries, dominated by Malaysia. Most shariah audit practices are part from internal audit function of IFIs. Sharia audit is identified as a mechanism to assure shariah compliance. The main challenges in implementing sharia audit include: a lack of framework and standard of shariah audit that led to dispute among IFIs practitioners, a lack of qualified shariah auditors who have an adequate shariah knowledge and well trained , shariah audit identifed creating an efficiency issue. The role of the shariah governance committee and the shariah supervisory board may be optimized to ensure the effectiveness of shariah audit. 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Determination of the Intention of MSMEs Owners Using Sharia Cooperatives in Improving Indonesian Islamic Economic Empowerment Muhammad Alfarizi; Ngatindriatun
Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan Vol. 9 No. 6 (2022): November-2022
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/vol9iss20226pp834-849

ABSTRAK Penurunan profit bisnis kecil akibat implikasi ekonomi pasca pandemi COVID-19. Persoalan struktur permodalan menjadi kendala dalam mempertahankan dan meningkatkan usahanya secara terus menerus seiring kerubahan zaman. Koperasi Syariah sebagai salah satu lembaga keuangan Islam yang keislaman lebih dekat secara eksistensi maupun teritorial dengan masyarakat tingkat bawah sehingga menjadi alternatif pengembangan usaha masyarakat secara syariah sesuai persyaratan yang diberikan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk untuk menganalisis pengaruh literasi keuangan syariah dalam sikap, pengaruh sosial dan self-efficacy terhadap perilaku pemanfaatan produk koperasi syariah di Indonesia. Studi kuantitatif survey online dengan melibatkan 280 calon anggota koperasi syariah yang membutuhkan pembiayaan dan merupakan pemilik UMKM dijalankan dengan teknik analisis SEM PLS. Hasil studi menunjukkan pengaruh literasi keuangan terhadap sikap, pengaruh sosial dan self-efficacy lalu dilanjutkan arah jalur dukungan hipotesis terhadap niat untuk memilih Koperasi Syariah sebagai solusi kebutuhan finansial UMKM ditemukan. Strategi manajerial khususnya pemasaran dikembangkan dengan mempertimbangkan efek sikap positif, pengaruh sosial dan efikasi diri calon anggota sebagai pemilik bisnis atau produk keuangan syariah yang akan mereka tawarkan kepada pelanggan mereka akan berkontribusi pada pertumbuhan sektor UMKM khususnya UMKM Generasi Millenial dan UMKM Hijau di Indonesia melalui upaya promosi dan kerjasama. Kata Kunci: ASE Model, Ekonomi Islam, Koperasi Syariah, Pemberdayaan, UMKM. ABSTRACT The decline in small business profits due to the post-COVID-19 pandemic economy. The issue of capital structure is an obstacle in maintaining and increasing development continuously in line with the changing times. Sharia cooperatives as one of the Islamic financial institutions are closer in existence and territorially to the lower level of society so that they become an alternative for community business development in accordance with the requirements given. This study aims to analyze the effect of Islamic financial literacy on attitudes, social influence and self-efficacy on the application of Islamic cooperative products in Indonesia. Quantitative study of online surveys involving 280 prospective members of Islamic cooperatives who need financing and are MSME owners carried out with the PLS SEM analysis technique. The results of the study show the effect of financial literacy on attitudes, social influence and self-efficacy, then choosing the direction of hypothesis support for the intention to find Islamic Cooperatives as a solution to the financial needs of MSMEs. Managerial strategies especially marketing that are developed taking into account the effects of positive attitudes, social influence and self-efficacy of prospective members as owners or Islamic financial products that they will offer to their customers will increase the growth of the MSME sector, especially Millennial Generation MSMEs and Green MSMEs in Indonesia through promotional efforts and cooperation. Keywords: ASE Model, Islamic Economics, Sharia Cooperatives, Empowerment, MSMEs. REFERENCES Abourrig, A. (2021). Social influence in predicting Islamic banking acceptance: Evidence from Morocco. International Journal of Accounting, Finance, Auditing, 2(2), 42–56. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4641472 Ajzen, I. (1991a). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T Ajzen, I. (1991b). The theory of planned behavior. 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Zakat and Income Inequality in Indonesia: Panel Data Analysis in 34 Provinces Nurrizka Puji Lestari; Ilmiawan Auwalin
Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan Vol. 9 No. 6 (2022): November-2022
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/vol9iss20226pp898-912

ABSTRAK Tujuan utama dari makalah ini untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh zakat, Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) perkapita, Upah Minimum Regional/Provinsi (UMP), dan inflasi terhadap tingkat gini rasio di 34 provinsi di Indonesia selama tahun 2018-2020. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa distribusi zakat yang diproksikan dengan Indeks Kesejahteraan BAZNAS serta tingkat inflasi secara statistik tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan di Indonesia. Sementara itu, tingkat PDRB perkapita dan UMP memiliki arah hubungan negatif dan berpengaruh signifikan secara statistik terhadap tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi kepada pengelola zakat untuk menciptakan dan mengembangkan program zakat yang mampu memberdayakan perekonomian mustahik sehingga mampu mengurangi tingkat kesenjangan pendapatan dalam masyarakat. Selain itu, seluruh pemangku kepentingan (stakeholders) harus bersinergi dalam upaya meningkatkan realisasi pengumpulan dana zakat di lembaga dengan melalui peningkatan literasi dan kesadaran masyarakat guna mengoptimalisasikan peran zakat dalam peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Kata kunci: Indeks Kesejahteraan BAZNAS, Ketimpangan Pendapatan, Makroekonomi, Zakat. ABSTRACT The main objective of this paper was to empirically examine the effect of zakat, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) percapita, Regional/Provincial Minimum Wage, and inflation on the gini ratio in 34 provinces in Indonesia during 2018-2020. The findings of this study indicate that the distribution of zakat, which is proxied by the BAZNAS Welfare Index, and the inflation rate has no statistically significant effect on the level of income inequality in Indonesia. Meanwhile, GRDP per capita and Regional/Provincial Minimum Wage levels have a negative and statistically significant relationship to the level of income inequality in Indonesia. In order to lessen the degree of income inequality in society, this study offers recommendations to zakat managers on how to design and develop zakat programs that can strengthen the mustahik's economy. In addition, all stakeholders must work together in an effort to increase the realization of zakat fund collection in institutions by increasing literacy and public awareness in order to maximize the contribution of zakat to raising the welfare of mankind. Keywords: Baznas Welfare Index, Income Inequality, Macroeconomics, Zakat. REFERENCES Abdelbaki, D. H. H. (2013). The impact of zakat on poverty and income inequality in Bahrain. Review of Integrative Business & Economics Reseacrh, 2(1), 133–154. Afandi, A., Rantung, V. P., & Marashdeh, H. (2017). Determinants of income inequality. 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Determinant Model of Decision to Use the Online Donation Platform: Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Planned Behavior Approach Yusuf Sufyan; Fuad Mas'ud
Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan Vol. 9 No. 6 (2022): November-2022
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/vol9iss20226pp884-897

ABSTRAK Strategi penghimpunan shadaqah di era modern harus menyesuaikan dengan kemajuan teknologi dan preferensi generasi milenial. Kitabisa.com merupakan platform donasi berbasis online yang terus mengalami pertumbuhan pengumpulan donasi dan banyak digunakan masyarakat muslim milenial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan penggunaan platform kitabisa.com melalui pendekatan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) dan Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling purposive sampling. Proses pengkolektifan data dilakukan melalui pengisian kuesioner oleh 270 responden, dimana responden merupakan masyarakat muslim milenial yang pernah menggunakan platform kitabisa.com. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) melalui aplikasi SmartPLS versi 3.0. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwa variabel yang diadopsi dari TPB yaitu Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), variabel sikap dan norma subjektif berpengaruh secara positif serta signifikan terhadap minat penggunaan platform kitabisa.com. Variabel yang diadopsi dari TAM yaitu Perceived ease of use memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan, sedangkan Perceived usefulness tidak berpengaruh terhadap minat penggunaan platform kitabisa.com. Kemudian, minat menggunakan platform kitabisa.com memiliki pengaruh positif serta signifikan terhadap keputusan penggunaan platform kitabisa.com. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah agar lembaga penghimpun sedekah online memiliki evaluasi atau penilaian untuk memperbaiki dan mengembangkan platform sedekah berbasis online bagi masyarakat muslim milenial maupun masyarakat secara umum yang akan melakukan sedekah secara online. Kata Kunci: Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Minat Penggunaan, Keputusan Penggunaan. ABSTRACT The strategy of collecting shadaqah (almsgiving) must be aligned with technological developments and millennial societies. Kitabisa.com is an online shadaqah platform that continues to grow in collecting shadaqahs and is widely used by the millennial Muslim society. The purpose of this research was to analyze the factors that influence the use behavior of kitabisa.com with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) approaches. The sampling technique in this study was taken using purposive sampling. The data collection process was carried out through filling out questionnaires by 270 respondents, of which the respondents were millennial who had used the Kitabisa.com platform. The analytical technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the SmartPLS version 3.0 application. The results of the analysis show that the variables adopted from TPB, namely Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), attitudes towards use and subjective norms have a positive and significant influence on intention to use the kitabisa.com platform. While the variables adopted from TAM, Perceived ease of use has a positive and significant effect, while Perceived usefulness has no influence on intention to use the kitabisa.com platform. Then, intention to use the kitabisa.com platform has a positive and significant impact on the use behavior the kitabisa.com platform. The implication of this research is that online shadaqah collecting institutions have an evaluation or assessment to improve and develop an online-based shadaqah platform for millennial Muslim communities and the general public who will do shadaqah online. Keywords: Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Intention to Use, Behavior of use. REFERENCES Abdullah, P. M. (2015). 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