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INDONESIA
PROSIDING SEMINAR KIMIA
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 479 Documents
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PENGARUH VARIASI DOSIS KOAGULAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PARAMETER FISIKA – KIMIA KUALITAS AIR BAKU (Studi Kasus : PDAM Kota Samarinda) Ali Murtopo; Aman Sentosa Panggabean; Idris Mandang
PROSIDING SEMINAR KIMIA SEMINAR NASIONAL KIMIA 2013
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Abstract

This research was conducted with the aim of obtained the physical – chemical parameter change water quality caused by the coagulant dose variant. Issues raised in this study is a variation of the added coagulant dose on each raw water samples with dose of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 ml. Raw water is obtained from Cendana Intake as much as 6 samples, and then the other raw water is obtained from Palaran Intake as much as 6 samples. Of each raw water sample obtained reported on the weather conditions, and ebb & flow river conditions at the time of data collect. Obtained data analyzed using anova test to find out the availability of influence resulting from coagulant dose variant : (a) Raw water turbidity parameter with a value F cal 33,61 and F table 1,82 (0,05), 2,32(0,01). Raw water color parameter with a value F cal 32,15 dan F table 1,82 (0,05), 2,32(0,01). Raw water pH parameter with a value F cal 260 dan F table 1,82 (0,05), 2,32(0,01). F cal value > F table value at all anova test for each parameter indicates that coagulant additions greatly affect turbidity and color parameters change derived raw water suitable standard PERMENKES/No.492/PER IV/2010 about drink water (turbidity 5 NTU and color 15 PtCo). While the addition of coagulant in the raw water will lower the pH of the water, up to add lime or soda ash to raise the pH. In total all raw water samples with turbidity 30 – 80 ppm each matching derived optimal dose distribution average as big 20 – 35 ppm.
KINETIKA ADSORPSI Cr(VI) MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN MAGNETIT (Fe 3 O 4 ) DAN MAGNETIT TERLAPIS ASAM HUMAT (Fe 3 O 4 /AH) Soerja Koesnarpadi; Daniel Tarigan
PROSIDING SEMINAR KIMIA SEMINAR NASIONAL KIMIA 2014
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The adsorption kinetics of Cr(VI) by two adsorbents, i.e. magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) and magnetite coated humic acids (Fe 3 O 4 /HA) have been studied. Adsorbent of Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 3 O 4 /HA were synthesized by co-precipitation method and then characterized by FT-IR, XRD and TEM image measurements. The acidity of the solution was adjusted to pH 3, comparasion on the adsorption kinetics of Cr(VI) on Fe 3 O 4 between Fe 3 O 4 /HA. The FT-IR spectra revealed the presence of main fuctional groups of Fe-O and C-O at free carboxylate acid in Fe 3 O 4 /HA and those of only Fe-O in Fe 3 O 4 . The two adsorbent had similar diffraction peaks at 2θ. The TEM image demonstaretd that Fe 3 O 4 were spherical in shape and uniform distribution and then Fe 3 O 4 /HA had no uniform size. Adsorption of Cr(VI) by Fe 3 O 4 was much faster than Fe 3 O 4 /HA at the acidity of pH 3, with adsorption rate constant (k) of 0.013 g.mg -1 .menit -1 for Fe 3 O 4 and 0.0062 g.mg -1 .menit -1 for Fe 3 O 4 /HA. The two adsorbents were giving a model of adsorption kinetics Ho (pseudo order 2).
ETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH AND ITS ACID HYDROLYSIS USING MICROBIAL CELLULASE SACCHARIFICATION Hamka Nurkaya
PROSIDING SEMINAR KIMIA SEMINAR NASIONAL KIMIA 2014
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Abstract

Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) is a co mmon solid waste fro m the palm oil industry that requires proper handling to be processed into bioethanol as new bioenergy source to substitute fossil fuel, oil, gas, and coal. Microbial applications have been considered an effective way to degrade a lignocellulosic bio mass into simple sugars as a critical material for b ioethanol production . A potential of using OPEFB and The residue of the acid hydrolysis of the OPEFB to accelerate cellulase activity and reducing sugar production of Steptomyces hirsutus isolate 12.3.A was tested. The optimal conditions for cellu lase production by S. hirsutus isolate 12.3.A were similar for both substrates. The best yields were derived fro m culturing the cells at pH 7, 30°C, and substrate concentration at 1% for 6 days and amonium sulfate is the best as a nitrogen source for OPEFB med iu m and peptone is the best as nitrogen sources for the residue medium. The highest cellulase activit ies fro m OPEFB and the acid hidrolysis residue were 0.71 U/ ml and 0.56 U/ ml, respectively. Specific activity fro m ammoniu m sulfate precipitation was raised as 3.74 U/ mg and for cellu lase purificat ion by dialysis was 7.38 U/ mg. The in itial concentration of reducing sugar for OPEFB and the residue med iu m were 1.77 g/l and 1.01 g/l while the optimal ethanol production from OPEFB and the residue as sugar sources were 0.76 g/l and 0.41 g/l at inc ubation times of 72 hours.
UJI FITOKIMIA, TOKSISITAS DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN ALAMI DAUN TUMBUHAN KELAKAI (Stenochlaena palustris) DENGAN METODE DPPH Bonita Tahir; Chairul Saleh; Subur P Pasaribu
PROSIDING SEMINAR KIMIA SEMINAR NASIONAL KIMIA 2013
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The phytochemical test, brine shrimp lethality test and activity antioxidant test and secondary metabolits of kelakai(Stenochlaena Palustris) leaves have been researched. The leaves samples are extract with solvent methanol by masseration method and that is concentrated by using rotary evaporator. The methanol crude extract obtained are fractioned with solvent n-hexane and. Solvent ethyl acetat.Based on secondary metabolits phytochemical test of kelakai leaves showed that methanol raw extract contains steroid, alkaloid and flavonooid. n-hexane fraction extract contains steroid and alkaloid Ethyl acetat fraction extract contains alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid and saponin.In brine shrimp lethality test, the increase larvae death and data was yielded recorded and processed using SAS Probit Analysis to determine the lethal concentration 50 % (LC 50 ) value. The results of this test obtained data and showed that the most active fraction is ethyl acetat fraction extract withvalue of LC 50 was equel to 88,8477 ppm.Based on the antioxidant activity conducted by scavenging activity of DPPH usedspectrophotometry. Based on the result be held researched was obtained that Inhibition Concentration 50% (IC 50 ) that methanol raw extract value of 185,92 ppm, n-hexane fraction value of 520,64 ppm and athyl acetat fraction 107,49 ppm and vitamin C is value of 3,064 ppm, can be axpressed that the result of this test showed that the most active fraction is ethyl acetat with value of IC 50 equel to 107,49 ppm.
UTILIZATION OF THE PALM TRUNK AS A MATERIAL OF MAKING PLASTIC FOOD PACKAGING RECYCLING Puspita, Riana; Taufik, Muhammad
PROSIDING SEMINAR KIMIA SEMINAR NASIONAL KIMIA 2014
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Penelit ian in i bertujuan untuk memanfaat kan Batang Kayu Kelapa Sawit dalam pembuatan plastik kemasan makanan daur ulang dengan memod ifikasi ko mposisi Sebuk Batang Kayu Kelapa Sawit dengan Stearin yang diserbukkan dan d imodifikasi sedemikian rupa sehingga menghasilkan produk plastik kemasan makanan yang bermutu, sesuai dengan SNI No. 06-0182-2004. Pada penelitian ini Limbah batang kelapa sawit dipreparasi dan diekstraksi patinya dengan menggunakan NaOH 0,1 %. Pati yang diperoleh dicampur dengan stearin dengan perbandingan Serbuk Pati dan Stearin adalah 10 : 90 sampai dengan 90 : 10. Bahan Pembantu y ang digunakan adalah sorbitol, etanol, papermint flavour, dan vitamin C. Metode Isobe dikembangkan menghasilkan produk plastik sebagai kemasan makanan dengan hasil optimal. Hasil optimal yang dipero leh dengan kondisi operasi waktu pencampuran (proses) 65 menit, temperatur 60 0 C dan tekanan 1 atm, dan perbandingan serbuk KKS dan stearin : 40 : 60 dengan nilai ketahanan sobek 35.5 gf dan berat persatuan luas 36 g/m 2 . Hal ini sudah memenuhi ketentuan SNI tahun 2004. Kompatibilitas dianalisa menggunaan mikroskop dengan perbesaran 1000 kali. Produk plastik yang dihasilkan diekstraksi dengan metanol kemudian dianalisa menunjukkan senyawa penyusun masih tertinggal. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa senyawa aktif masih terikat dalam film plastik yang dihasilkan.
POLIMER BIODEGRADASI DAN APLIKASINYA I Made Arcana
PROSIDING SEMINAR KIMIA SEMINAR NASIONAL KIMIA 2014
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Meningkatnya produksi polimer/bahan plastik sintetik disebabkan karena bahan plastik dapat digunakan pada berbagai aplikasi, baik bahan plastik untuk bidang kedokteran, farmasi, pertanian, dan bahan pengemas maupun bahan plastik untuk aplikasi material yang lebih maju seperti membran polimer elektrolit. Sampah plastik yang telah digunakan tersebut menjadi masalah yang sangat serius, karena tidak seperti polimer alam, sebagian besar polimer sintetik tidak dapat didegradasi oleh mikroorganisme yang ada di alam. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut telah dikembangkan suatu material yang dikenal sebagai polimer yang dapat terbiodegradasi (Biodegradable Polymers). Ada berbagai cara yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan polimer yang dapat terbiodegradasi di alam antara lain melalui biosintesis dan sintesis secara kimia polimer baru yang dapat terbiodegradasi, serta modifikasi polimer non biodegradasi melalui pembentukan poliblend dengan polimer biodegradasi, penambahan aditif pro-oksidan ke dalam polimer, dan modifikasi polimer alam untuk berbagai aplikasi. Dalam kesempatan ini akan disampaikan beberapa polimer biodegradasi yang dapat diperoleh dari sintesis secara kimia, modifikasi polimer non biodegradasi dengan polimer biodegradasi baik melalui pembentukan kopolimernya ataupun poliblendnya, modifikasi melalui penambahan aditif pro-oksidan dalam pembentukan polimer okso-degradasi, serta beberapa aplikasinya baik untuk bahan plastik pengemas maupun untuk material maju (Advanced Materials) terutama sebagai bahan membran polimer elektrolit untuk ap likasi sel bahan bakar dan sel baterai litium. Salah satu membran polimer elektrolit untuk aplikasi baterai litium diperoleh melalui modifikasi polimer alam seperti kitosan. Modifikasi kitosan dilakukan melalui penambahan gugus suksinat ke dalam kitosan menggunakan asam suksinat anhidrida, sedangkan membran polimer elektrolit dibuat dari kitosan suksinat dan garam litium perklorat digunakan sebagai garam ioniknya. Substitusi gugus suksinat pada kitosan dapat meningkatkan hantaran ionik membran dari 2,88 × 10 -6 S.cm -1 untuk kitosan murni, 5,06 x 10 -5 S.cm -1 untuk kitosan- Li5%, dan menjadi 8,04 x10 -2 S.cm -1 untuk kitosan suksinat-Li5%. Sebaliknya adanya gugus suksinat dalam kitosan cenderung menurunkan sifat mekanik dan sifat termal membran.
UJI AKTIVITAS SENYAWA ANTIOKSIDAN DARI DAUN ANDONG ( Cordyline Frutycosa (L.) A. Chev. ) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DPPH Anton Gunawan; Daniel Tarigan; Ritson Purba
PROSIDING SEMINAR KIMIA SEMINAR NASIONAL KIMIA 2013
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Has done antioksidan’s activity test of various fraction one that stem of andong leaf (Cordyline Fruticosa (L.) A. Chev.) that indigenous botanical samarinda’s garden. Andong leaf sample at extraction with etanol then concentrated by rotary evaporator. Extract afterwards ethanol at fraction crude with n-hexane and acetat ethyl. Base of antioksidan activity test with DPPH radical scavenging method by spectrophotometer, showed thet the most active fraction is the fraction of ethylacetate which have antioxidant activity EC 50 = 157.72 µg / mL. It is classified as moderate when compared with vitamin E that has antioxidant activity about EC 50 = 37.3 µg / mL.
PENGARUH VARIASI pH ELEKTROPOLIMERISASI ANILIN TERHADAP KONDUKTIVITAS POLIANILIN Tri Paus Hasiholan Hutapea; Yunita Triana; Fredy Kurniawan
PROSIDING SEMINAR KIMIA SEMINAR NASIONAL KIMIA 2014
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Telah dilakukan pengamatan tentang konduktivitas polianilin pada berbagai variasi pH elektropolimerisasi. Proses polimerisasi anilin d ilakukan pada elektroda emas dengan mencampurkan anilin untuk dipolimerisasi di permukaan elektroda emas menggunakan metode cyclic voltammetry potensiostatic pada kondisi pH 1 sampai 14 menggunakan elektrolit HCl 0,5 M untuk suasana asam dan NaOH 0,5 M untuk suasana basa. Nilai impedansi diketahui melalui pengukuran menggunakan metode impedance galvanometry pada larutan elektro lit NaCl. Diperoleh hasil bahwa elektropolimerisasi pH 1 sampai 4 menghasilkan polimer polianilin yang bersifat konduktif sedangkan pH 5 sampai 14 menghasilkan polimer polian ilin yang tidak konduktif. Pada elektropolimerisasi pH 1,5 me miliki nilai impedansi yang sangat kecil, sehingga memiliki nilai konduktivitas yang tinggi.
Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi Terhadap Mutu Biji Kakao (Theobroma cacao L) yang dihasilkan Petani Kakao Di Teluk Kedondong Bayur Samarinda Marwati -
PROSIDING SEMINAR KIMIA SEMINAR NASIONAL KIMIA 2013
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Cocoa is one of the plantation commodity whose have role in the national economy, particularly as a provider of employment and sources of income for the government. In addition, The cacao bean is also improved the incomes of cocoa farmers especially to cocoa farmer at Teluk Kedondong Bayur, Samarinda. Cocoa production in Indonesia increased significantly, but the quality of the resulting is very low. The purpose of this study to determine how long fermentation time to produce good quality of cocoa beans.Single factor experiment in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications times used in this study. The factor variation is length of fermentation which consists of seven standards: no fermentation, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, and 6 days. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with F test, if there is a real difference it will be followed by Least Significant Difference Test (BNT) with level of 5%. Result of the experiment showed that treatment with long fermentation gave significantly effect on moisture content, pH, fat content, number of seeds per 100 grams, not fermented beans levels, levels of seed germination and yield. Based on the results of testing of dry beans, the best quality treatment withfermentation time is 5 days.
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK N-HEKSANA, ETILASETAT DAN ETANOL DARI BUAH RANTI HITAM (Solanum Blumei) Ness Ex Blume DENGAN METODE PEREDAMAN DPPH Murniaty Simorangkir; Ribu Surbakti; Tonel Barus; Partomuan Simanjuntak
PROSIDING SEMINAR KIMIA SEMINAR NASIONAL KIMIA 2013
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak n-heksan, etilasetat dan etanol dari buah Ranti Hitam (Solanum blumei Ness ex Blume). Uji antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode peredaman DPPH (1.1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl). Hasil uji antioksidan menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi adalah ekstrak etanol dengan % inhibisi (38,72 %) dibandingkan ekstrak etilasetat (17,37 %) dan ekstrak n-heksana (3,015 %) dengan nilai IC50 dari ekstrak etanol terkecil (128,79 ppm), diikuti ekstrak etilasetat (343,37 ppm) dan ekstrak n-heksana (3570,66 ppm). Nilai IC50 (Inhibition Concentration 50) adalah konsentrasi antioksidan (µg/mL) yang mampu menghambat 50% radikal bebas. Kandungan metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak etanol buah adalah alkaloid, sedikit flavonoid, fenol dan tanin

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