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INDONESIA
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14101637     EISSN : 25484788     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 15 Documents
 1   2 
Search results for , issue "Vol 24, No 1 (2020)" : 15 Documents clear
In Vitro Cultivation of Aphelenchoides besseyi Christie on Fungal Cultures Annisa Nur Imamah; Supramana Supramana; Tri Asmira Damayanti
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 24, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.42227

Abstract

White tip disease on rice caused by Aphelenchoides besseyi is categorized as emerging infectious disease in Indonesia because the disease incidence and its geographical distributionare increasing rapidly. Until presently, there is no information related with mass culture technique of Ap. besseyi in Indonesia. Thus, studies to obtain pure population of Ap. besseyi  are necessary to be conducted to support various research aspects in the future. This research is aimed to study Ap. besseyi pure mass culture technique by rearing the nematode on three fungal species. Three different fungal cultures on PDA medium, i.e. Alternaria padwickii, Fusarium semitectum, and Botrytis cinerea were tested as Ap. besseyi cultivation media. To obtain the optimum condition for nematode cultivation, the fungal cultures were incubated in three different temperature. The nematodes were surface sterilized with 0.1% streptomycin sulfate followed by washing with sterilized water before infesting the nematode into fungal culture. Subsequently, 25 sterilized nematodes were infested into 7 days old of fungal culture and incubated at 20ºC, 25ºC and 30 ºC. After 21 days, nematodes were harvested and counted the final population. Among fungal species tested as rearing medium, the best culture for Ap. besseyi reproduction was on Al. padwickii culture at 25 ºC with average final population up to 9,115 per petri dish and reproduction factor 364.6. At a 30ºC, Ap. besseyi was failed to develop its population in all the fungal cultures tested. It indicated that the optimum temperature for reproduction  of Ap. besseyi on those of  fungal  species was 20-25 ºC.
In Vitro Study of Action Mode of Rhodotorula minuta Dmg 16 BEP as Biocontrol Agents on Alternaria solani Wawan Setiawan; Suryo Wiyono; Efi Toding Tondok; Atit Kanti; I Made Sudiana
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 24, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.43344

Abstract

Rhodotorula sp. is widely known as a biocontrol agent and is reported effective in controlling several diseases on crops. Rhodotorula minuta Dmg 16 BEP is an antagonist yeast from Indonesia which was effective in controlling various plant diseases. The objective of this research was to study the in vitro mode of action of R. minuta Dmg 16 BEP against Alternaria solani. The antibiosis ability of R. minuta Dmg 16 BEP to A. solani might be based on the activity of volatile compounds and not from its metabolites products. The growth of A. solani in paper disk assay and dual culture tests were not inhibited nor inhibitory zones  developed, whereas the inverse petridish test showed the growth inhibition of A. solani. The results of the chitinolytic activity test on chitin agar and proteolytic on skim milk agar showed that no clear zone was formed. R. minuta has a strong hyperparasitic ability according to the slide culture test as the yeast cells surrounded A. solani hyphae and caused damage to some parts of hyphae.
Biology and the Statistic Demographic of Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on the Soybean with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Treatment Hermanu Triwidodo; Anggun Agustini; Listihani Listihani
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 24, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.49846

Abstract

A correction has been published:Erratum to “Biology and the Statistic Demographic of Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on the Soybean with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Treatment” [Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia, 24(1), 54 ̶ 60]Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) applied to different plants may suppress pests population developments. This research was to study the capability of a commercial PGPR product contained Bacillus polymyxa and Pseudomonas fluorescens in suppressing population developments of Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The biology and demographic statistics of A. glycines reared on soybean with and without the PGPR applications were compared. The PGPR suspensions of 5 g formulation per liter water were used to soak soybean seed for 15 minutes and to water soybean plant 2 weeks after transplanting. Cohorts of 65 first instar A. glycines of each treatment were observed daily and individual mortality, molting, and fecundity were recorded until the last individual dead. Second instar stadium of A. glycines reared on treated plant lasted longer than those reared on untreated plant, i.e. 1.4 and 1.1 days, respectively. These resulted on a longer life cycle for A. glycines reared on treated plant than on untreated plant, i.e. 4.9 and 4.5 days, respectively. In turn, it caused the A. glycines population to experienceslower growth on treated plants than on untreated plants.  The values of A. glycines GRR, Ro, rm, T and DT on treated plants were 71.834, 57.780, 0.557, 7.287 and 1.245, consecutively; whilst that of untreated plants were 104.861, 63.326, 0.586, 7.084 and 1.184, respectively.
Potency of Yeasts to Promote Induced Resistance on Chili Plant (Capsicum annuum L.) against Yellow Leaf Curl Disease Sri Hartati; Rika Meliansyah; Luciana Djaya; Ceppy Nasahi; Ramadhan Kamal Putra
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 24, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.52089

Abstract

Yellow leaf curl is a major disease on chili plants. The use of antagonistic yeasts as the control agents is a good alternative in  an environmentally friendly control method. This study was objected to evaluate the potencies of Rhodotorula minuta and Candida tropicalis to promote induced resistance on chili plants against yellow leaf curl disease. The experiment was arranged in the randomized complete block design with 9 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were the application of the yeasts at three different times of virus inoculation, as follows: A. R. minuta, virus inoculation at 3 days after transplanting (dat), B. R. minuta, virus inoculation at 7 dat, C. R. minuta, virus inoculation at 10 dat, D. C. tropicalis, virus inoculation at 3 dat, E. C. tropicalis, virus inoculation at 7 dat, F. C. tropicalis, virus inoculation at 10 dat, G. control, virus inoculation at 3 dat, H. control, virus inoculation at 7 dat, and I. control, virus inoculation at 10 dat. No treatment was applied to the control.  The yeasts were applied by soaking the chili seeds, and pouring the suspension into the growth media at transplanting. The variables observed were incubation period, disease severity, and disease incidence. Peroxidase activity, phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, and salicylic acid accumulation were also analyzed. The results showed that the application of R. minuta or C. tropicalis was able to extend the disease incubation period, but did not reduce the yellow leaf curl disease incidence and severity. The treatment of R. minuta, virus inoculation at 7 dat, increased the peroxidase activity from 2590.80 units to 6870.93 units (0.5 minute) and from 577.367 units to 1131.300 units (2.5 minutes), PAL activity from 16.059 to 17.911 A290/mg, and accumulation of salicylic acid from 2.785 to 6.263 ppm. Application of C. tropicalis, virus inoculation at 7 dat, increased the peroxidase activity from 2590.80 units to 6033.067 units (0.5 minute) and from 577.367 units to 950.967 units (2.5 minutes), and accumulation of salicylic acid from 2.785 to 6.982 ppm.
Beneficial Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Trichoderma on Diseased Shallot Chaieydha Noer Afiefah; Suryanti Suryanti; Tri Joko; Susamto Somowiyarjo
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 24, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.53517

Abstract

Purple blotch and fusarium basal rot are important shallot diseases which have caused significant yield loss. An alternative control method for these diseases is the use of biocontrol agents, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Trichoderma. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of AMF and Trichoderma sp. on shallot growth and disease suppression. The experiment was set as a Complete Randomized Block Design with three treatments and three replications. The treatments were AMF, Trichoderma sp., and control. Each treatment was applied to a row and 15 shallot plants were taken as samples for observation. Disease severity of purple blotch and fusarium basal rot, plant height, number of leaves and shallot resistances to Fusarium solani were observed during this study. Results demonstrated that at seven weeks after planting, the application of AMF and Trichoderma sp. tended to suppress fusarium basal rot to 0.89% and 1.78% respectively, but only the application of AMF that suppressed purple blotch disease to 0.44%. The application of AMF and Trichoderma sp. also tended to increase plant height, number of leaves, leaf fresh weight and dry weight, root length, and bulb weight. In addition, AMF and Trichoderma sp. application increased shallot resistances against Fusarium solani. 

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