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Y. Andi Trisyono
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14101637     EISSN : 25484788     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 1 (2002)" : 8 Documents clear
Identifikasi Ras Fisiologis Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Berdasarkan Sifat Kompatibel Secara Vegetatif dan Pembentukan Bahan Volatil Arif Wibowo; Suryanti Suryanti; Christanti Sumardiyono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (10171.163 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10099

Abstract

Race characterization of F. oxysporum Schlecht. f.sp. cubense (E.F. Smith) Snyd. & Hans. by determining disease reaction is difficult because the result may be biased due to the variability of growing condition. This study is aimed to identify physiological races of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense in banana plantation in the province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta by examining the relation of the fungal pathogen isolates. The identification of physiological races of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense was based on vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). The research was conducted in The Laboratory of Mycology Faculty of Agriculture GMU on March to November 2000. Observation of heterokarion formed by the mutant of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense on selective medium was carried out in order to identify the compatibility of two different fungal isolates. Nitrate non utilizing (nit) mutants obtained without mutagen were used as the label. Nit mutant obtained from the same wild type isolates could form heterokarion on minimal agar medium containing NaNO3 as nitrogen source. Eleven isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense have been isolated from several cultivars of banana. Vegetative compatibility tests showed that of 11 eleven isolates, there were six different group VCGs where four of them formed volatile compound in rice medium whereas two of them did not.
Heritabilitas Sifat Ketahanan terhadap Cekaman Alelopati Gulma Teki pada Padi Gogo Supriyanta Supriyanta
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10106

Abstract

Purple nut sedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) is the most difficult weed to control that produces suppressive allelochemicals to germination and early growth of upland rice. This research is aimed to identify responsive variables of upland rice varieties in competing allelopathy of purple nut sedge and estimate their heritability through mean-parents-offspring regression. The research conducted in two stages of experiment. First stage experiment is aimed to identify a critical level of purple nut sedge suppression and estimate of genetic variability among upland rice lines in responding purple nut sedge allelopathy, conducted in Completely Randomized Design with 25 lines and three replications. Experiment consisted of germination testing by tuber purple nut sedge crude extract with six concentration levels of suppression: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%, and of competition treatment between upland rice and purple nut sedge with four levels of suppression based on sampled purple nut sedge tuber number: 0, 6, 12 and 24 tubers. Based on first stage experiment, critical level of suppression is identified at 5% of ethanol tuber extract and 6 tubers of purple nut sedge in competition treatment. Second stage experiment is screening of F1 plants and their respective parents at critical level of suppression. Plumulae length could be an effective selection criterion because of its high narrow-sense heritability (h2 = 0.73).
Recovery of Microsclerotia of Verticilium dahliae from Soil as Subjected to Various Treatments Loekas Soesanto; A. J. Thermorshuizen
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10090

Abstract

The influence of various conditions on the survival of microsclerotia of Verticilium dahliae Kleb. was studied using three sources of field-collected potato stems densely covered with naturally-formed microsclerotia. Microsclerotia were found to survive for up 2 years in potato stems not incorporated in soil. The effects of temperature, pF, including weekly variations in temperature and or pF, and various modes of incorporating potato stem tissue on the survival of microsclerotia for up to 1 year in a sandy unsterilised soil was also studied for different microsclerotia sources. Inoculum source had no signicant effect. Remarkably few microslcerotia were recovered one day after the start of experiments varying between 5.5 and 31%. Recovery remained at this level or even decreased for another month and for several treatments, also after 3 and 6 months. Only after 3 to 12 months, recovery increased to values up to 5 times higher than that of one day after start of the experiment, but recoveries did not exceed the number of microsclerotia initially incorporated into the soil. Changes in recovery may be due to variation in the level of soil mycostasis which is affected by rate of nutrient exudation from microsclerotia.
Hubungan Antara Serangan Hama dan Penggunaan Pestisida: Pendekatan Analisis Ekonometrik pada Padi dan Kedelai Joko Mariyono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10107

Abstract

Pesticide is one of the pest control agents. Before concept of economic threshold was introduced, pesticide was used under scheduled method based on life cycle of insect pests. Therefore, pests damage was influenced by pesticide application, and resulting one-way relationship between pest attack and pesticide application. After the economic threshold concept was introduced as pest control strategy, the relationship becomes two-directions, namely pest attack is affected by pesticide application, and vice versa. Therefore, the simple relationship does not reflect the real condition. The unbiased relationship can be overcame by econometric approach called two stage least square, including new relevant independent variables. The objective of this study is determining the reversible relationship between pest attack and pesticide application. For this purpose, the time series data-containing pest attack level and pesticide application on rice and soybean during 1990–1998 were required. The result of analysis in rice indicated that the irreplaceable phenomenon that is increasing pest attack caused by rising pesticide application, but in soybean indicated common condition that is pest attack reduced when pesticide application increase. On the other hand, both pesticides application on rice and soybean were influenced by pests attack condition. Higher pest attack causes increasing pesticides application.
Pengaruh Bionematisida Berbahan Aktif Jamur Paecilomyces lilacinus Strain 251 terhadap Serangan Pratylenchus coffeae pada Kopi Robusta Soekadar Wiryadiputra
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10102

Abstract

Experiment on the effect of P. lilacinus on the infestation of P. coffeae on robusta coffee was conducted in Sumber Asin Experimental Garden, Malang. The treatments were dosages of bionematicide i.e. : 0 (control), 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, and 4.00 g; carbofuran (3 % active ingredient) 50 g/plant and organic soil treatment (OST) at 100 g/plant. Each treatment was replicated four times, and each replication consists of five coffee trees. The results in second year observation revealed that the population of P. coffeae in the roots on PL 251 treatments was not significantly different compared to the control, whereas in soil samples the population of both P. coffeae and Rotylenchulus reniformis inclined to be lower than the control, although they were not statistically significant. The lowest infestation was observed on PL 251 treatment at a dosage level of 4.00 g/tree. On nematode infestation, no significant difference on treatments of carbofuran and OST compared to the control. The yield of green coffee (market coffee) was the highest on the treatment of PL 251 at a dosage of 4.00 g/tree and significantly higher than the control and carbofuran treatments, with increasing levels of 225.3 and 198.9%, respectively.
Jenis-Jenis Tikus (Rodentia: Muridae) dan Pakan Alaminya di Daerah Pertanian Sekitar Hutan di Kabupaten Banggai, Sulawesi Tengah Bambang Agus Suripto; Aganto Seno; Sudarmaji Sudarmaji
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10108

Abstract

The species diversity of rats (Fam. Muridae) differs on each island in Indonesia. There are at least 16 genera of 41 species of rats in Sulawesi Island. Recently it has been reported that rats attack relatively new paddy field surrounding forest, but the identity of the species is still unknown. The objectives of this research are to assess the rat’s diversity and the guilds of rats living around the forest. The research was done in agricultural area surrounding forest in Siuna, foothill of Tompotika Mt, Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi. Rats in the forest and coconut plantation were captured using Shermann traps, which were randomly situated. Rats in paddy field were captured by trap barrier system (TBS). Habitat condition and the presence of predators were recorded. All rat specimens were identified to their scientific names using Corbert & Hill (1992). Their stomach contents was put in 70% alcohol, taken 5 samples for each stomach, and analyzed under a microscope to determine their feed. The data were interpreted descriptively, which was emphasizing its potency as a pest. The result shows that there are 7 genera i.e. Bunomys, Maxomys, Taeromys, Paruromys, Tateomys, Mus, Rattus and 18 species of rats. Bunomys sp., B. penitus, B. prolatus, Maxomys sp., M. musschenbroekii, M. dollmani, Taeromys sp., T. callitrichus, T. celebensis, T. rhinogradoide, Paruromys ursinus, P. camurus, and P. dominator occupy the forest. B. heinrichi, B. prolatus, M. musschenbroekii, P. camurus, Mus musculus; and Rattus nitidus ocupy coconut plantation. R. argentiventer, R. exulans and R. nitidus occupies the paddy field. The stomach content examination shows that B. prolatus, M. musschenbroekii, R. exulans, R. nitidus, and T. rhinogradoide eat mostly animal materials, especially member of Phylum Arthropoda; R. argentiventer mostly eat plant material, especially member of Family Graminae (grass family). Unfortunately the stomach contents B. heinrichi, B. penitus, M. musculus, and T. callitrichus couldn’t identified since it was either empty and or severely damaged. The field data and literature study, suggest that R. argentiventer and R. exulans are pests or at least potential pests in the paddy field. B. heinrichi, B. penitus, B. prolatus, M. musschenbroekii, M. musculus, R. nitidus, and T. callitrichus are potential pests, since those species are basically omnivorous. However M. musculus prefers to eat grains. Meanwhile T. rhinogradoides is not potential to be a pest since it is carnivorous.
Aktivitas Penghambatan Trichoderma spp. Formulasi terhadap Jamur Patogen Tular Tanah secara In vitro S. M. Widyastuti; Sumardi Sumardi; Irfa'i Irfa'i; H. H. Nurjanto
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10103

Abstract

The research was aimed to evaluate the growth of formulated conidia propagules of Trichoderma koningii, T. reesei and T. harzianum, which had been stored for 1 and 5 months and the inhibition activity against soil borne plant pathogenic fungi Rigidopous lignosus, Ganoderma sp., Fusarium sp., and Sclerotium rolfsii. The isolates were formulated in the forms of alginate bead, alginate-peat bead, and peat-lime powder. The results indicated that Trichoderma formulated stored at room temperature showed higher inhibition activity than that stored at 4oC. After 5 months in the storage, T. reesei in both bead and powder formula performed higher growth inhibition activity against soil borne pathogens than the other isolates tested. It was noted that all isolates performed temporary decreased growth inhibition activity against soil borne pathogens.
Acceleration of Paraquat Biodegradation by Isolated Soil Bacteria Erni Martani; Nur Arfa Yanti; Sebastian Margino; Sri Noegrohati
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10105

Abstract

Herbicides residues were reported to have impact on the ecosystem. It was thought that acceleration of paraquat degradation would minimize these impacts. Paraquat was persistent in peat soil due to low pH. This study was done to investigate the role of bacterial isolates on the acceleration of paraquat degradation, especially in peat soil. The bacteria were isolated from several kinds of Indonesian soils using enrichment culture technique in a modified N-free medium. The medium was added with paraquat at gradually increase-concentration from 10, 20, and 40 ppm (w/w). Examinations in paraquat degradation were done in two levels. The first was in a synthetic medium (N-free medium); the second was in soil extract medium. Two kinds of peat were used to make the soil extract media, i.e. fibric and saphric peat soils. Several bacterial isolates were able to degrade paraquat in N-free medium. However, the degradation mode was different with those in peat soil extract media. None of them degraded paraquat in fibric and saphric soil extract media. It was suggested that the environmental limiting factors were responsible to the failure of paraquat degradation. Two selected isolates were able to degrade paraquat when the pH value of the extract medium was enhanced to around 5.5. Bacterial isolate of SM1, which was isolated from acid sulfate soil of Central Kalimantan, was the best isolate which was able to degrade paraquat in synthetic medium and peat soil extract media, especially in fibric extract medium. It degraded around 30%of paraquat within 15 day. Experiments are being done to enhance paraquat degradation by inoculation of mixed cultures of selected bacterial isolates.

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