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INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 23389427 EISSN : 23389486 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.

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Articles 706 Documents

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FED-BATCH FERMENTATION ON PRODUCTION OF A BIODEGRADABLE PLASTIC POLY(3-HYROXYBUTYRATE) FROM OLEIC ACID Djamaan, Akmal; Majid, Mohammed Isa Abdul; Noor, Mohd. Azizan Mohd.
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 14 No 1, 2003
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

A fed-batch fermentation with a purpose to increase the production of biodegradable plastic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB), from oleic acid by Erwinia sp. USMI-20 has been carried out. Fermentation was conducted in a conical flask in an incubator rotary shaker at temperature of 30 oC, agitation of 200 rpm for 66 hours. At first stage of fermentation process in a mineral medium, 5 ml of oleic acid as the sole carbon source was used while feeding were done with 2.5 ml of oleic acid at 30, 42 and 54 hours of cultivation. Sampels were collected every 4 hours until 18 hours of cultivation and every 6 hours until 66 hours of cultivation. P(3HB) production was characterized based on the increase of dry cells, polymer content, polymer concentration and the amount of oleic acid and ammonium remaining in the culture. Results showed that by using fed-batch technique Erwinia sp. USMI-20 could produce P(3HB) with a maximum polymer content of 52 % of the dry cell weight, the concentration of polymer of 2.8 g/l, a dry cell weight of 5.4 g/l.Keywords : Fed-batch, biodegradable plastic, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate, oleic acid).

EFFECT OF HPMC/CARBOPOL ON THE RELEASE OF CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE FROM MATRIX TABLETS Bipin P. Patel; Dasharath M. Patel; Jayvadan K. Patel
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 24 No 3, 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Chlorpheniramine maleate is widely used in treatment for allergic disorder and cold. The controlled release matrix tablets of chlorpheniramine maleate were prepared using HPMC K15M, HPMC K100M and carbopol and studied their effect on drug release. Prepared tablets were evaluated for various physical parameters. In vitro drug release study shows that slow release in HPMC K100M than other two polymers. If concentration of polymer increases than the drug release is decreases due to formation of polymeric matrix. Zero order, first order, Higuchi’s and Korsmeyer’s equations applied to know the mechanism of drug release from prepared tablets. The similarity and dissimilarity factor found to be 77.88 and 4.14, respectively for drug release in stability study which shows there was no significant difference in drug release.Key words: Chlorpheniramine maleate, matrix tablet, HPMC K15M, HPMC K100M, carbopol and swelling index

Protein kinase inhibitors from Indonesian Sponge Axynissa sp. Triana Hertiani; Ru Angelie Edrada-Ebel; Michael Kubbutat; rob W.M. van Soest; peter Proksch
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 19 No 2, 2008
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

A research about inhibitory activity on various cancer related protein kinases of several marine sponges collected in Indonesia was performed. This study aims were to isolate and to identify structures of biologically active sponge metabolites.A combination of a chemically-and biologically driven approach for drug discovery was employed. Sponge extracts were tested by protein kinase inhibitory assay by in vitro method in parallel to the usage of TLC, and HPLC coupled to UV spectrophotometry and mass spectrometry to isolate the chemically most interesting substances. Structure identification of active compounds was performed by using NMR spectroscopy and massspectrometry methods.This study showed that only Axynissa sp. fractions were found active in protein kinase inhibitory assay. Two bisabolene type sesquiterpenoids, (+)- curcuphenol (1) and (+)-curcudiol (2) were identified as active compounds from the sponge. Compound 1 showed SRC protein kinase inhibition with an IC50value of 7.8 μg/mL while 2 inhibited FAK with an IC50 value of 9.2 μg/mL.Key words: protein kinase inhibitor, Axynissa sp.

Inhibitory effect of THPGV-0 on the histamine release from antigen-induced RBL-2H3 cells Agung Endro Nugroho; Ritmaleni Ritmaleni; Novrizal Abdi Sahid; Kazutaka Maeyama
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 21 No 4, 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Tetrahydropentagamavunon-0 (THPGV-0) is assumed to be main metabolite product of biotransformation process of PGV-0. THPGV-0 was synthesized by converting PGV-0 to the compound by hydrogenation with Pd/C as a catalyst. PGV-0 potently inhibited the histamine release from rat mast cells in vitro and in vivo, however, ironically only traces amount of compound was found in the blood. THPGV-0 is assumed to have important roles in the biological effects of PGV-0 in vivo. In present study, we investigated the antiallergy effect of THPGV-0 in compare to this of PGV-0 in vitro. The study was performed by using rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cell line, a tumor analog of mucosal mast cells. DNP-BSA, an antigen, was used as an inducer for stimulating the histamine release from mast cells. In present study, THPGV-0 at low concentration did not succeed to inhibit the histamine release, but at higher concentration (30 and 100 M) showed strong effects. THPGV-0 at concentration of 100 M depleted the histamine release by 96.10 0.51%. In compare to PGV-0, THPGV-0 has higher efficacy but less potent. In the study, the possibilities of the spontaneous release from RBL-2H3 cells by the compounds were also observed. All concentrations of THPGV-0 as well as PGV-0 showed low spontaneous histamine release, less than 10 % of the total histamine contained in RBL-2H3 cells.Key words: tetrahydropentagamavunon-0, allergy, histamine, RBL-2H3 cells

Antibacterial invitroand antidiarrhea invivoeffects of the infusion of sago roots (Metroxylon sagu) Mohammad Bakhriansyah; Aswin Febria; Defiyanti Rahmah
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 22 No 3, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Fresh root of sago (Metroxylon sagu) traditionally has been used as an antidiarrhea in South Kalimantan community. However, there is no scientific data yet to support it. The aims of this study were to investigate the antibacterial effect of the infusion of sago root on Salmonella typhi(S. typhi) as one of bacteria causing diarrhea in vitro and to find out its effects as anti diarrhea in male mice induced by castor oil in vivo. This experimental study measured the inhibitory zone in S. typhiculture and to count the frequency and duration of diarrhea. It used 3 concentrations, i.e 10%; 20% and 40% of the infusion of sago root. Chloramphenicol and aquadest were used as positive and negative control groups respectively in in vitro study, whereas in in vivo one loperamide was positive control group. Chloramphenicol was used since it is an antibiotic standard for eradicating S. thypi, whereas Loperamide is anti peristaltic agent from declining the frequency and duration of diarrhea. The infusion inhibited radical zone of S. typhi culture by 7.8; 9.8 and 10 mm, decreased the frequency of diarrhea 24.23%; 40.54% and 16.22% and decreased the duration of diarrhea 26.69%; 52.92% and 10.27% at concentration 10%, 20% and 40%, respectively. As conclusion the infusion of sago root has the potency as anti bacteria and decrease the frequency and duration of diarrhea. The best concentration of the infusion of sago root is 20%.Key words: Metroxylon sagu, Mice, Anti diarrhea, Anti bacteria

COMPARATIVE REPELLENCY DURATION OF CITRONELLA OIL LOTION (Cymbopogon nardus L.) BETWEEN Culex sp. WITH Aedes sp. AS LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS VECTOR Rita Tjokropranoto
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 25 No 1, 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Lymphatic filariasis is a mosquito borne disease, transmitted by mosquitoes such as Culex, Anopheles, Aedes, Mansonia. Filariasis infection resulting in disability. The important method to avoid being bitten from mosquitoes is by using a repellent. The purpose of this study were to compare repellency duration of citronella oil lotion against Culex sp. to Aedes sp. and to compare its repellency duration to N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET). Laboratory experimental design was conducted at each of five men as subjects using five randomly treatments: 20%, 40% citronella oil lotion (COL), lotion base (negative control), 12.5% DEET lotion with one-day time lag. Repellency duration, since the forearm was inserted into the cage until first mosquito land, was assessed using female Culex sp. and Aedes sp, according to modification of Fradin and Day method. Repellency duration was analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD followed by paired t-test level of significance with a=0.05 level of significance at p<0.05. There were highly significant differences (p<0.01) between average repellency duration (minute) of 20%, 40%, 80% COL against Culex sp. and 40%, 80% against Aedes sp. compared to 12.5% DEET. It was concluded that citronella oil lotion was more effective to Culex sp. than that of Aedes sp. Nevertheless the potency of citronella oil lotion was weaker than 12.5% DEET.Key word: lotion citronelle oil, Culex sp., Aedes sp., Filariasis

PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID) FROM GLUCOSE USING Erwinia sp. USMI-20 Akmal Djamaan; Mohamed Isa Abd. Majid; Mohd. Azizan Mohd. Noor
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 12 No 4, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The production and characterization of a biodegradable polymer poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid), P(3HB) from glucose as sole carbon source by Erwinia sp. USMI-20 has been carried out. Results showed that Erwinia sp. USMI-20 could produced P(3HB) with a maximum polymer content of 48 % of the dry cell weight, an amount of polymer of 2.8 g/l, a dry cell weight of 5.8 g/l, a maximum specific growth rate of 0.21 h-1. a maximum polymer production rate of 0.02/h, yield YP(3HB)//C of 0.21 g/g, with the optimum fermentation time of 48 hours. The melting temperature (T) and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the P(3HB) were 175 ˚C and 15 ˚C, respectively. The weigh-average molecular weight (Mw) was in the range of 1,000,000 to 1,120,000 D whereas the number-average molecular weight (Mn) was in the range of 420,000 to 580,000 D with the polydispersity index (Mw,Mn) in range of 1.9 to 2.4. Key word: biodegradable polymer, glucose and Erwina sp.

ELECTROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ZINECARD IN PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES Chennupalle Nageswara Reddy; Puthalapattu Reddy Prasad; Neelam Yugandhar Sreedhar
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 23 No 3, 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Zinecard is used to prevent a toxic effect to heart caused by certain medicines that are used to treat cancer. Zinecard is also used to treat tissue damage caused by the leakage of certain medicines that are used to treat cancer. Differential pulse polarographic method developed for the quantitative determination of zinecard gives a peak at -0.32 V at DME. From the structural point of view zinecard contains a >C=Omoiety which can be electrochemically reduced at universal buffer (pH 4.0). Millicoulometric experiment is performed successfully in estimating the number of electrons and proton to understand reduction mechanism. The differential pulse polarographic peak was adequately well-resolved, reproducible and linear dependent with the zinecard concentration. For quantification the calibration plot for zinecard concentrations ranging between 1.0×10-5mol dm-3 to 1.0×10-8mol dm-3 at pH 4.0 was selected. The proposed differential pulse polarographic method was successfully applied to the determination of zinecard in pharmaceutical formulations and urine samples.Key words: Zinecard, DPP, pharmaceutical formulations and urine samples.

OPTIMIZATION AND ACESSING THE INFLUENCE OF XANTHAN GUM, EFFERVESCENT COMPONENTS AND HARDNESS ON FLOATATION BEHAVIOR AND DRUG RELEASE OF GASTRO-FLOATING CAPTOPRIL TABLET Syaiful Choiri; T.N. Saifullah Sulaiman; Ilham Kuncahyo
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 25 No 4, 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

This research purposed to optimize, investigate and evaluate the influence of xanthan gum, sodium bicarbonate-citric acid as effervescent components and hardness on floatation behavior and drug release of gastro-floating captopril tablet with floating system. A 23 full factorial design (8 runs) was applied to optimize the floating captopril tablet using xanthan gum (X1), ratio of effervescent components (X2) and hardness (X3) as independent variables. Optimum area was determined by superimposed contour plot of floating lag time (Y1), cumulative drug release at 60min (Q60) (Y2) and drug release constant rate (Y3) using Design Expert® software. Xanthan gum, effervescent components and hardness were affected the floatation behavior and drug release. Hardness was the most dominant factor affected the floatation behavior and drug release. Based on superimposed contour plot, the optimum area was in range of xanthan gum 58–100mg, sodium bicarbonate 45–63mg, citric acid 7–25mg and hardness at 70–98N.

Methyleugenol, a major metabolite on culture of endophytic fungi isolated from pandan wangi plant Andria Agusta; Yuliasri Jamal; Praptiwi .
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 4, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Two kinds of endophytic fungi i.e. Colletotricum sp. PWD2 and Coelomycetes PWA1 isolated from pandan wangi (Pandanus amarylifolius) have been cultivated in a liquid medium, GYP for 3 weeks at room temperature without agitation. The ethyl acetate extracts derived from liquid cultures showed antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The GC-MS analysis results showed methyleugenol as main metabolite in the ethyl acetate extract of both fungi cultures.Key words: pandan wangi, Pandanus amarylifolius, endophytic fungi, antifungal, methyleugenol

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