Jurnal Teknik Mesin
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) adalah Peer-reviewed Jurnal tentang hasil Penelitian, Karsa Cipta, Penerapan dan Kebijakan Teknologi. JTM tersedia dalam dua versi yaitu cetak (p-ISSN: 2089-7235) dan online (e-ISSN: 2549-2888), diterbitkan 3 (tiga) kali dalam setahun pada bulan Februari, Juni dan Oktober. Focus and Scope: Acoustical engineering concerns the manipulation and control of vibration, especially vibration isolation and the reduction of unwanted sounds; Aerospace engineering, the application of engineering principles to aerospace systems such as aircraft and spacecraft; Automotive engineering, the design, manufacture, and operation of motorcycles, automobiles, buses, and trucks; Energy Engineering is a broad field of engineering dealing with energy efficiency, energy services, facility management, plant engineering, environmental compliance, and alternative energy technologies. Energy engineering is one of the more recent engineering disciplines to emerge. Energy engineering combines knowledge from the fields of physics, math, and chemistry with economic and environmental engineering practices; Manufacturing engineering concerns dealing with different manufacturing practices and the research and development of systems, processes, machines, tools, and equipment; Materials Science and Engineering, relate with biomaterials, computational materials, environment, and green materials, science and technology of polymers, sensors and bioelectronics materials, constructional and engineering materials, nanomaterials and nanotechnology, composite and ceramic materials, energy materials and harvesting, optical, electronic and magnetic materials, structure materials; Microscopy: applications of an electron, neutron, light, and scanning probe microscopy in biomedicine, biology, image analysis system, physics, the chemistry of materials, and Instrumentation. The conference will also present feature recent methodological developments in microscopy by scientists and equipment manufacturers; Power plant engineering, the field of engineering that designs, construct, and maintains different types of power plants. Serves as the prime mover to produce electricity, such as Geothermal power plants, Coal-fired power plants, Hydroelectric power plants, Diesel engine (ICE) power plants, Tidal power plants, Wind Turbine Power Plants, Solar power plants, Thermal engineering concerns heating or cooling of processes, equipment, or enclosed environments: Air Conditioning; Refrigeration; Heating, Ventilating, Air-Conditioning (HVAC) and Refrigerating; Vehicle engineering, the design, manufacture, and operation of the systems and equipment that propel and control vehicles.
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<![CDATA[SIMULATION HEAT AFFECTED ZONE WELDING ON AISI 1045 STEEL USING MATLAB ]]>
<![CDATA[gunawan, hardi]]>;
<![CDATA[Firdaus, Andi]]>;
<![CDATA[Tarigan, Kontan]]>;
<![CDATA[Azizi, M]]>;
<![CDATA[Khaerudini, Deni Shidqi]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Journal Of Mechanical Engineering) Vol 15, No 01 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Mercu Buana ]]>
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DOI: 10.22441/jtm.v15i01.27335
<![CDATA[Abstract--In this research, AISI 1045 steel plate test objects were welded using SMAW welding. Heat input simulation of the welding process (thermal simulation) by entering the highest temperature of the heat distribution is carried out on a 140 x 140 mm plate with a thickness of 4 mm made of AISI 1045 steel. Initially, the plate has temperature limits of 700 °C, 500 °C, above 1300 °C, and below 0 °C. The bottom side of the plate is protected with constant temperature. The test object is then described using numerical methods using the MATLAB program. In this research, we can use MATLAB to develop a mathematical and numerical model that reflects the effect of the heat affected zone (HAZ) on the mechanical quality of AISI 1045. This model helps in the understanding of how the heat input provided from the welding process influences the mechanical material properties and allows us to optimize the influence of the process to obtain the desired results. Calculations carried out using the MATLAB application obtained results in the 9th iteration for errors <1%, namely 0.4681%. Large heat input results in low tensile strength, this shows that the welded joint with the electrodes used and the given welding parameters produced good joint strength.]]>
<![CDATA[A Review : The Effect of Nanoparticles in Vegetable Oil on Surface Roughness in Machining Processes ]]>
<![CDATA[Pratiwi, Ayu]]>;
<![CDATA[Noviyanto, Alfian]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Journal Of Mechanical Engineering) Vol 15, No 01 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Mercu Buana ]]>
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DOI: 10.22441/jtm.v15i01.36830
<![CDATA[The use of mineral oil based and synthetic coolants in machining processes remains dominant, despite their negative impacts on the environment and occupational health. Vegetable oils have emerged as an environment friendly alternative due to their biodegradable, non toxic properties, and renewable sources. However, thermal and tribological limitations restrict their performance under extreme conditions. To address this, various studies have investigated the addition of nanoparticles to vegetable oils to form nanofluids with improved lubrication and cooling performance. Nanoparticles such as aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), and graphene have been shown to enhance thermal conductivity, reduce friction, and form protective tribological layers. This literature review discusses the effect of the combination of vegetable oil and nanoparticles on surface roughness in machining processes. The results show that nanofluids can significantly reduce surface roughness, particularly in Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) systems. The effectiveness of nanofluids is greatly influenced by the type, size, and concentration of nanoparticles, where the optimal concentration varies but remains within a certain range (e.g., 2.5% for Al₂O₃). This study emphasizes that the development of plant-based nanofluids is a strategic approach toward efficient, environment friendly, and sustainable machining.]]>
<![CDATA[Root Cause Analysis of Collapseable Aluminium Tube Failure on Lj-60 Type Impact Extrusion Press Machine Using The Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) Method ]]>
<![CDATA[Jaya, Ezra Esa]]>;
<![CDATA[Pratiwi, Swandya Eka]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Journal Of Mechanical Engineering) Vol 15, No 01 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Mercu Buana ]]>
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DOI: 10.22441/jtm.v15i01.27938
<![CDATA[The impact extrusion press machine is a machine that supports the manufacture of folded aluminium tubes. There are supporting components, namely dies and punch. These dies and punches have a lifespan and useful life. Checking and replacing needs to be done regularly because it has a big influence on the quality of the tube. This research aims to analyze product failure from impact extrusion press machines on the influence of parts on dies and punches. Folding aluminium tubes are often used for glue, ointment, cosmetics and others. During the production process, leaks and defects were found in the tube. Tube quality that does not meet standards will cause various problems. The influence of settings on dies, punches, skewed stamps results in the shape of the tube becoming ugly and unusable. The impact extrusion press machine and operator, apart from the dies and punch, also have a big influence on the results of collapsible aluminium tubes. Apart from these factors, continuous tilting pressure causes the mold to become chipped, scratched and damaged. The method used to analyze failure is the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method. Leak testing on collapsible aluminum tubes was also carried out. Total tube production for the 6 months from October 2023 – March 2024 is 29,758,430. The amount of production varies, January 2024 is the month with the highest production (5,180,872) and December 2023 is the month with the lowest production (4,791,760). From the results of data processing, the total defects in collapsible aluminum tubes for 6 months were 1,386,809. The number of defects varies, November 2024 is the month with the most defects (256,765) and December 2023 is the month with the lowest defects (196,901). The highest percentage of defects occurred in January 2024 (5.12%) and the lowest in December 2023 (4.11%).]]>
<![CDATA[Evaluating Vegetable Oils as Eco-Friendly Alternatives in Metal Heat Treatment : Review ]]>
<![CDATA[sukendar, Sukendar]]>;
<![CDATA[Alva, Sagir]]>;
<![CDATA[Ginting, Dianta]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Journal Of Mechanical Engineering) Vol 15, No 01 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Mercu Buana ]]>
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DOI: 10.22441/jtm.v15i01.37136
<![CDATA[Recent research on sustainable heat-treatment processes highlights the strong potential of vegetable oils as environmentally benign quenching media. This review integrates thermo-physical characteristics, cooling behavior, and mechanical performance reported in key studies from 2010–2024. Vegetable oils demonstrate higher quenching severity (H-value 0.17–0.21) than mineral oils (0.11–0.14), supported by stable viscosity ranges (20.78–110.35 cSt at 40°C; 6.9–33.65 cSt at 100°C) and superior thermal conductivity (0.131–0.182 W/m°C) relative to SAE40 (0.145 W/m°C). Their mechanical performance is consistently favorable: palm kernel oil yields hardness up to 40.85 HRC, cottonseed oil ~33.25 HRC, and groundnut oil produces ~173.8 HV with yield strength reaching 805 MPa. Neem seed oil exhibits exceptional hardness (68.7 HRA) and tensile strength (2122 MPa), while marula oil significantly enhances the hardness and tensile strength of medium-carbon steels. Soybean, sunflower, and canola oils applied to AISI 1045 steel deliver hardness levels of 41–50 HRC. Impact toughness also improves, with neem oil reaching 15 J and additive-modified quenchants containing 5% metal salts achieving up to 131 J. Antioxidant-fortified oils (Irganox L109, TBHQ, Propyl Gallate) further improve oxidation resistance without impairing cooling performance. Overall, properly stabilized vegetable oils represent robust, efficient, and environmentally responsible quenching alternatives for the heat treatment of low- and medium-carbon steels.]]>
<![CDATA[FIELD TEST STUDY ON WIND TURBINE PERFORMANCE HORIZONTAL AXIS THREE SPIRAL BLADES RELATED TO SOLIDITY NUMBER EFFECTS ]]>
<![CDATA[Wantoso, Yudi]]>;
<![CDATA[Hamid, Abdul]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Journal Of Mechanical Engineering) Vol 15, No 01 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Mercu Buana ]]>
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DOI: 10.22441/jtm.v15i01.27939
<![CDATA[Abstract—The use of electrical energy in Indonesia is currently very high, but the energy used is still dominated by fossil energy, even though the potentials for alternative energy in Indonesia is very large and cannot be utilized properly, one of which is wind energy. Wind power plant are renewable power plants where the use of renewable energy is expected to be able to replace energy sourced from fossils which are limited in number. This research was conducted using a three-blade spiral horizontal axis wind turbine (TASH) related to the effect of solidity number with the aim of knowing the performance of TASH with a diameter of 1.536 m. The method used is this study is a field test at the Tanjung Pasir beach, Tangerang Regency, Banten. TASH performance is assessed by measured parameters such as voltage value, generator output current and torque value; also, non-dimensional parameters such as power coefficient, torque coefficient, CT, and the value of Tip Speed Ratio, TSR, generated due to TASH rotation at each wind speed from 1 m/s to 6 m/s. Field test results obtained. Experimental actual power = 9.991 watts, torque value = 6.0 Nm (wind speed 5 m/s), Power coefficient, CP = 0.066 and Torque coefficient, CT = 0.674 at 2.0 m/s wind speed, Solidity number = 0.976]]>
<![CDATA[Study on the Flexural Strength of Polyester Composite Beams and Coconut Husk Charcoal Powder ]]>
<![CDATA[nusyirwan, nusyirwan]]>;
<![CDATA[Fikri, Hayatul]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Journal Of Mechanical Engineering) Vol 15, No 01 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Mercu Buana ]]>
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DOI: 10.22441/jtm.v15i01.23591
<![CDATA[Polymer materials are being rapidly researched because they have the potential to replace metal materials, offering advantages such as low mass, ease of shaping, and moisture resistance. However, this material still has many disadvantages, including low mechanical strength and easy cracking under impact. Unsaturated polyester is a widely used matrix material for composite materials in the engineering field, such as for vehicle bodies and ship hulls. In this study, the flexural strength of polyester composites reinforced by coconut shell charcoal was studied. From flexural strength testing according to ASTM D 390-92, a tendency to increase flexural strength with the addition of a coconut shell charcoal mixture from 10% to 20% was observed; beyond 20%, the flexural stress decreased. The maximum flexural stress value obtained at a percentage of 20% coconut shell charcoal was 132.43 N/mm². This value can increase the maximum flexural stress of pure polyester, which was only 52.10 N/mm², by 253.35%]]>
<![CDATA[Review of the Utilization of Natural Fibers and Polylactic Acid for Composite Manufacturing ]]>
<![CDATA[Nugroho, Akhmad Andriyan]]>;
<![CDATA[Fitri, Muhammad]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Journal Of Mechanical Engineering) Vol 15, No 01 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Mercu Buana ]]>
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DOI: 10.22441/jtm.v15i01.36560
<![CDATA[Composites made from polylactic acid (PLA) and natural fibers offer a sustainable alternative material that is biodegradable and derived from renewable sources. This review journal examines processing techniques, types of material testing, and the enhancement of the capabilities of natural fiber PLA composites to determine their potential applications as a substitute for conventional materials. From existing research journals discussing PLA and Natural Fiber-based composite materials with applications in various sectors, such as automotive, manufacturing and healthcare, it is known that the commonly used processing techniques are hot pressing and vacuum bagging to produce homogeneous fiber distribution and strong matrix-fiber bonds. Material testing is carried out through tensile tests, elastic modulus, and elongation to evaluate the mechanical properties of the composites. The results also show an increase in mechanical ability of 25-35% compared to pure materials, with fiber surface modification that can improve interfacial adhesion. PLA and natural fiber composites provide a sustainable material solution with competitive mechanical performance. Further research is needed to develop environmentally friendly fiber surface modification methods and scalable manufacturing techniques to expand industrial applications.]]>
<![CDATA[COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF VARIOUS ORGANIC WASTES DERIVED FROM ANIMALS AND PLANTS IN ANAEROBIC DIGESTION FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION ]]>
<![CDATA[Febrianti, Helena -]]>;
<![CDATA[Pendawa, Fajar]]>;
<![CDATA[Hanitama, Muhammad Rivaldo]]>;
<![CDATA[Rusdianasari, Rusdianasari]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Journal Of Mechanical Engineering) Vol 15, No 01 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Mercu Buana ]]>
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DOI: 10.22441/jtm.v15i01.37434
<![CDATA[Abstract--Increased production of organic waste from the livestock, agriculture, urban, and agro-industrial sectors poses significant environmental challenges if not managed properly. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an effective technology for processing organic waste while producing renewable energy in the form of biogas. However, the performance of the AD process is greatly influenced by substrate characteristics, such as the carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio, lignocellulose content, nitrogen content, and chemical conditions of the substrate. This article aims to conduct a comparative review of various types of animal and plant-based organic waste used in biogas production through the AD process, with an emphasis on methane potential, operational constraints, and process optimization strategies. The method used is a narrative literature review of national and international journal articles discussing the utilization of livestock manure (cattle, chicken, pigs, and goats), food waste, lignocellulosic biomass (rice straw, water hyacinth, and grass), and agro-industrial liquid waste (tofu liquid waste and Palm Oil Mill Effluent/POME). The results of the study show that cow manure has good process stability but relatively moderate methane yield, while chicken and pig manure have higher methane potential but are susceptible to ammonia inhibition. Plant-based and agro-industrial waste generally has high energy potential, but faces obstacles in the form of slow hydrolysis, acidic pH, and nutrient imbalance. Based on the results of the study, anaerobic co-digestion (ACoD) has been proven to be the most effective strategy for optimizing biogas production. This approach is able to balance the C/N ratio, increase buffer capacity, reduce inhibition effects, and improve microbiological stability. The combination of substrates that produces a mixed C/N ratio in the optimal range of 20–30 has been consistently reported to increase methane yield and AD process stability. Thus, substrate selection and formulation through co-digestion are key to developing an efficient and sustainable biogas system.]]>
<![CDATA[EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A SPIRAL TYPE HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBINE DUE TO THE EXPANSION OF THE INNER DIAMETER OF THE TURBINE ]]>
<![CDATA[Wianda, Dhimaz Rifqy]]>;
<![CDATA[Hamid, Abdul]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Journal Of Mechanical Engineering) Vol 15, No 01 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Mercu Buana ]]>
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DOI: 10.22441/jtm.v15i01.18700
<![CDATA[The significant increase in consumption of electricity from fossil fuels encourages the search for renewable energy sources and wind is one of the renewable energy sources which can be utilized using a horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT). In this case, a drag and lift model with a spiral type was chosen, adjusting to Indonesia's geography with low wind speeds using the wind tunnel testing method. The purpose of this study was to verify the performance of the two nine-blade TASH type spiral models due to the influence of the expansion of the inner diameter of the turbine, namely the normal diameter of 50mm and the expanded diameter of 65mm. The turbine has a rotor length of 120 mm and an outer diameter of 272 mm. Turbine performance is assessed through measured parameters such as actual power value, torque value, rotor speed and power coefficient, torque coefficient, and tip speed ratio (TSR) as non-dimensional parameters. The research was carried out in a series of laboratory tests through a wind tunnel with various wind speeds from 1 m/s to 10 m/s. The test results are then calculated for the Coefficient Power and Coefficient Torque against the Tip Speed Ratio (TSR). From the calculation results produce an effective value with an air gap of 65mm Cp and efficient TSR values at a wind speed of 5 m/s with a rotational speed of 165 rpm with a Ct of 0.31. While the value of Cp and TSR at a wind speed of 5 m/s is 0.072 and 0.23.]]>
<![CDATA[Review of Natural Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composite Materials for Automotive Component Applications ]]>
<![CDATA[Suharmadi, Suharmadi -]]>;
<![CDATA[Fitri, Muhammad]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Journal Of Mechanical Engineering) Vol 15, No 01 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Mercu Buana ]]>
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DOI: 10.22441/jtm.v15i01.36798
<![CDATA[Epoxy resin is a thermosetting polymer widely used in composite materials due to its high mechanical strength, excellent chemical resistance, and strong adhesion. In composite structures, epoxy acts as a matrix that binds and protects the reinforcing fibers while transferring loads between components. The reinforcing fibers may be synthetic (e.g., fiberglass, carbon) known for their high tensile strength, or natural fibers (e.g., kenaf, ramie), which offer advantages in sustainability and low weight. With the growing demand for lightweight, efficient, and environmentally friendly automotive materials, epoxy-based composites show significant potential for use in body panels, interior parts, and structural vehicle components. However, challenges remain, such as poor interfacial bonding between epoxy and natural fibers, thermal degradation, and relatively high production costs. This study aims to systematically review current research trends, applications, and research gaps in the development of epoxy resin composites for automotive components, particularly those reinforced with natural fibers. The method used is a Scoping Review based on the PRISMA-ScR framework, covering 50 scientific articles published between 2015 and 2025. The results indicate that kenaf, ramie, and jute fibers have strong potential as sustainable reinforcements, although improvements in interfacial compatibility and processing technology are still critical. The study implies the importance of advancing bio-based epoxy resins, hybrid manufacturing techniques, and the utilization of local natural fibers as part of a sustainable automotive strategy]]>
