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INDONESIA
JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 23022949     EISSN : 24077267     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Jurnal Nasional Teknik Elektro (JNTE) adalah jurnal ilmiah peer-reviewed yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas dengan versi cetak (p-ISSN:2302-2949) dan versi elektronik (e-ISSN:2407-7267). JNTE terbit dua kali dalam setahun untuk naskah hasil/bagian penelitian yang berkaitan dengan elektrik, elektronik, telekomunikasi dan informatika.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 610 Documents
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Evaluation of Insulation Resistance Degradation in 555 WP Monocrystalline Solar Modules under Solar Irradiation Exposure Triyanto, Aripin; Woro Agus Nurtiyanto; Sunardi; Elfirza Rosiana; Syaiful Anam Pratama
JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 14, No 3: November 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v14n3.1318.2025

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the insulation resistance value of a 555 WP monocrystalline solar module under the influence of solar irradiation through outdoor testing and insulation assessment. The primary focus is to understand the impact of solar exposure on insulation durability, a crucial factor in the long-term performance and safety of solar modules. The testing method follows the SNI/IEC 61215 standard, involving initial and final measurements using a calibrated insulation tester at the Energy Conversion Laboratory, BRIN. The results indicate a 19.54% degradation in insulation resistance after 15 days of solar exposure. Despite this decline, the module still meets the IEC 61215 criteria for insulation resistance, maintaining a resistance value above 40 MΩ for a module with a surface area of 2.583 m². A comparison of initial and final data reveals a decrease in resistance from 3.470 GΩ in the initial test to 2.792 GΩ in the final test. This reduction underscores the importance of paying closer attention to maintenance and routine testing to ensure the module's long-term reliability. This study provides new empirical evidence on the dynamics of short-term insulation degradation under tropical solar conditions, a topic that has been rarely quantified in field-based PV reliability research. In addition, this study makes significant contributions to the development of industry standards that aim to enhance the reliability of solar modules and manage renewable energy systems.
Fault Detection In Storage Tank System Using Luenbeger Observer (LO): Simulation-Based Validation. Mursyitah, Dian; Faizal, Ahmad; Zarory, Hilman; Sari, Sitri Permata
JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 14, No 3: November 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v14n3.1332.2025

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive, simulation-based validation of a Luenberger Observer (LO) specifically designed for fault detection in storage tank systems. It commences with the development of a nonlinear storage tank model, which is subsequently linearized to streamline the observer design process. The LO estimates critical system states and produces residual signals that enable reliable fault detection. The observer gain is meticulously chosen using pole placement techniques to ensure rapid convergence of estimates and overall stability. To evaluate the effectiveness of this approach, three distinct fault scenarios—ramp, square pulse, and inverted ramp signals—are introduced to simulate various types of abnormal conditions that could occur in real-world operations. Simulation results demonstrate that the LO accurately estimates the liquid level states with a mean absolute error of approximately 0.02 meters, equivalent to about 2.6%. Furthermore, the observer detects faults with an average delay between 5 and 9 seconds following fault injection, indicating its prompt response capability. Notably, even with sensor noise levels reaching 6%, the observer maintains stable tracking performance, demonstrating strong robustness against disturbances. Across all tested scenarios, the residual signals show rapid increases during fault conditions and swiftly return near zero once the system reverts to normal operation, with no false alarms observed. Collectively, these results suggest that the Luenberger Observer provides an accurate, rapid, and disturbance-tolerant method for fault detection in storage tank systems. Such an approach offers a practical alternative to data-driven fault detection methodologies, as it relies less on extensive training datasets and can be more readily implemented for real-time industrial monitoring applications.
Design and Simulation of a QPSK Demodulator Using Discrete Components Andicho Haryus Wirasapta; Salisa 'Asyarina Ramadhani; Mishi , Salmuna Sajjad; Malik, Zeeshan Hamid
JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 14, No 3: November 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v14n3.1386.2025

Abstract

Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) is a widely adopted digital modulation technique that encodes two bits of information in each symbol by utilizing four distinct phase states separated by 90 degrees. This approach offers high spectral efficiency, making it especially suitable for modern communication systems that demand robust data transmission with limited bandwidth. This investigation details the design process and LTspice-based simulation of a QPSK demodulator constructed entirely from discrete electronic components. This work addresses a gap in previous research, which has largely relied on integrated circuits or software-based algorithms, by focusing on circuit-level implementation using basic analog and digital components. The demodulator was assembled on a prototype PCB, combining fundamental operational amplifiers, mixers, filters, and digital logic gates to perform the required signal processing functions. The evaluation involved testing the demodulator's ability to accurately recover the transmitted data and its operational stability. Simulation results demonstrated reliable performance across all stages, with the demodulator successfully maintaining phase detection accuracy and reconstructing the original 8-bit test sequence with high fidelity. Under test conditions with a 1 MHz carrier frequency and a data transmission rate of 500 kHz, the recovered signal showed an approximate delay of 4.5 microseconds attributable to the sequential parallel-to-serial conversion process. Despite the delay, the demodulator maintained full symbol-level correlation with the transmitted data stream. These findings confirm that a discrete component-based QPSK demodulator can effectively support reliable digital communication, highlighting its practicality for educational purposes, low-cost prototyping, laboratory training, and preliminary hardware development in the field of wireless and wired communication systems.
Natural Exponential Inertia Weight and Acceleration Coefficient Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm tuned PID Controller for DC Motor Speed Control. Adu-Buabeng , Dominic; Sekyere, Yaw Opoku Mensah; Effah, Francis Boafo
JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 14, No 3: November 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v14n3.1401.2025

Abstract

This paper presents a novel optimization algorithm, the NExIWAC (Natural Exponential Inertia Weight and Acceleration Coefficient) variant of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), for tuning PID controllers in DC motor speed control systems. The proposed NExIWAC algorithm improves control performance by dynamically adjusting the inertia weight and acceleration coefficients during optimization. To evaluate its effectiveness, the NExIWAC-tuned PID controller was compared against five established metaheuristic algorithms: Atomic Search Optimization (ASO), Sand Cat Swarm Optimization (SCSO), Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO), Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO), and Stochastic Fractal Search (SFS). The system's step response was analyzed under a reference speed demand of 1 p.u., with performance metrics including steady-state error, rise time, settling time, overshoot, and Integral of Time-weighted Absolute Error (ITAE). The NExIWAC algorithm demonstrated superior performance, achieving the fastest rise and settling times, zero steady-state error, and the lowest ITAE value among the tested algorithms. A robustness analysis was conducted by varying motor parameters, such as armature resistance and motor constant, by ±50%. The NExIWAC-PID controller exhibited stable and reliable performance under all conditions. Stability analysis through Bode plots and pole-zero mapping further confirmed the system's robust behavior, with a high phase margin and poles located in the left half of the complex plane. The results indicate that the NExIWAC algorithm is a powerful and reliable optimization tool for tuning PID controllers in DC motor applications, offering significant advantages in terms of precision, stability, and adaptability.
Analisis Trending Topic Pada Twitter Untuk Menentukan Pasar Indonesia Donnaro, Dwie Putri; Gunawan, Dadang
JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 14, No 3: November 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v14n3.1204.2025

Abstract

Twitter is one of the most dynamic social media platforms that provides real-time information through its trending topics feature, which reflects the most talked about issues among users. However, in Indonesia, trending topics are often dominated by entertainment, celebrity gossip or light-hearted viral content, and are not used to highlight or analyze more substantial social issues. This study aims to classify Twitter trending topics in Indonesia using three clustering algorithms: K-Means, DBSCAN, and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Data was collected over a certain period and processed through a text preprocessing stage before applying the clustering algorithms. The results show that LDA without keyword filtering provides the most relevant and dominant topic classification, the bar chart results tend to be dominant in topic 0 there are as many as 160 topics with the main cluster relating to the Indonesian presidential election. These findings suggest that LDA outperforms K-Means and DBSCAN in identifying latent topic structures in Twitter data. This study contributes to a better understanding of trending topics and supports data-driven public opinion analysis and decision-making.
LabVIEW- Based Leaching Tank Process Control System for Laterite Nickel Ore Processing on a Lab-Scale Basis Afandy, Moh; Abdul Haris Mubarak; Muhammad Ikbal Rianto; Syahril M
JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 14, No 3: November 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v14n3.1239.2025

Abstract

This study successfully designed and implemented a LabVIEW-based nickel laterite ore leaching process control system on a laboratory scale. This system integrates key hardware components such as Arduino Mega 2560, temperature sensor, volume sensor, jet bubble reactor, and LabVIEW-based user interface that allows automatic and real-time monitoring and control of process parameters. The calibration results showed high accuracy, with temperature measurement error values ​​of 0.04% and 0.015% compared to the calibrator. Volume measurements under five test conditions produced error values ​​ranging from 0.023% to 0.066%, with the best accuracy shown by readings via the LabVIEW HMI. Leaching process testing was carried out using variations in citric acid concentrations. The resulting filtrate volume showed a decrease from 173 mL at a concentration of 0.5 mol to 8 mL at a concentration of 2 mol, indicating that the higher the solution concentration, the greater the viscosity of the solution, thereby inhibiting mass transfer. The application of jet bubble technology has been shown to increase the efficiency of mixing and contact between the leaching solution and the ore, which accelerates the leaching process. Overall, the system shows high stability, accuracy, and reliability for laboratory scale applications. This system is considered suitable for use as a learning medium, an initial simulation tool for the APAL (Atmospheric Pressure Acid Leaching) process, and a means of supporting research in the development of efficient, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly nickel extraction technology.
An Integrated SCADA–PLC–HMI Model for Low-Cost Control and Real-Time Monitoring of Three-Phase AC Motors Supratno, Setyo; Moh. Khairudin
JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 14, No 3: November 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v14n3.1298.2025

Abstract

Efficient and flexible control systems for remote real-time monitoring are highly needed by modern industries. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) has become a core technology in automation. Most commercial SCADA systems, however, are costly and complex, thus limiting their adoption in small industries and educational institutions. Therefore, this study develops an integrated SCADA–PLC–HMI model for low-cost control and real-time monitoring of three-phase AC motors. The model is designed as an economical, portable, and user-friendly system that supports various control configurations, including Direct On-Line (DOL), Forward-Reverse, and Star-Delta. Adopting the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate) model, the development process involves needs analysis, system design, hardware/software development, system implementation, and performance evaluation through testing and data logging. Experimental results show that the system can alternately operate two three-phase motors, present real-time monitoring through the HMI, and automatically record operational data. The log file records system validity, operating time, and Start/Stop button responses, with timers operating at the configured 5-second delay. Motor 1 and Motor 2 run as programmed, with Motor 2 operating for 14 seconds before shutting down. These findings confirm that the proposed SCADA–PLC–HMI system is reliable, efficient, and cost-effective, thus providing a practical solution for motor control that is both affordable and adaptable. This study contributes to supporting competency development in engineering education and offers a viable automation alternative for small- and medium-scale industries.
Digital PID Trainer Based On Arduino For DC Motor Speed Control With Ziegler Nichols Method Dana Edie Ardana, Dana Edie Ardana; Yulian Zetta Maulana; Gunawan Wibisono
JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 14, No 3: November 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v14n3.1301.2025

Abstract

This research aims to design and implement a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control system to regulate the speed of a DC motor using the Ziegler Nichols tuning method, focusing on improving the stability and responsiveness of the system for industrial automation applications. The research uses a mathematical model of a DC motor derived from its electrical and mechanical components for simulation and analysis of the system behavior. The PID controller is implemented with the Ziegler Nichols tuning method (open and closed loop) to determine the optimal parameters (Kp, Ki, Kd). The system was tested using Arduino, L298N motor driver, and MATLAB for simulation and analysis. Performance is evaluated based on response characteristics such as rise time, settling time, overshoot, and steady state error. The Ziegler-Nichols method successfully tuned the PID controller with optimal parameters Kp = 11.7, Ki = 1, and Kd = 0.25. Analysis of the system response shows rise time = 0.4866 s, settling time = 2.5829 s, overshoot = 19.6194%, and steady state error = 0.0861%. This PID-controlled system provides fast response and good stability, with significant improvement in reducing steady state error and overshoot compared to systems without controllers or those using trial-and-error tuning. The Ziegler-Nichols tuning method is effective for optimizing PID control in DC motor speed regulation. The proposed system offers a reliable and efficient solution for industrial applications that require precision motor control.
A Hybrid Wavelet Scattering and Mel Spectrogram Feature with Deep Convolution Neural Network for Robust Spoken Digit Recognition irmawan, Irmawan; Dwijayanti, Suci; Suprapto, Bhakti Yudho
JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 14, No 3: November 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v14n3.1310.2025

Abstract

Spoken digit recognition (SDR) plays a critical role in biometric authentication and human–computer interaction, yet existing approaches often rely on small datasets, limited feature representations, or architectures prone to overfitting. To address these limitations, this study proposes a robust end-to-end pipeline that integrates Wavelet Time Scattering (WTS), Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), and a 2D Deep Convolutional Neural Network (2D-CNN) to enhance the accuracy and generalization of SDR systems in realistic environments. The Free-Spoken Digit Dataset (FSDD), consisting of 3000 audio samples from speakers with diverse accents, was pre-processed using zero-padding normalization and transformed into high-resolution time–frequency spectrograms via WTS. The proposed CNN architecture, optimized through systematic experimentation on batch size and learning rate, demonstrated stable convergence and superior discriminative capability. Using a learning rate of 0.001 and a batch size of 50, the model achieved the highest performance with 99.2% accuracy, outperforming established methods including SVM, MFCC-LSTM, and Multiple RNN architectures. Comparative evaluations further revealed that the combined WTS–MFCC feature extraction significantly enhances spectral–temporal representation quality, contributing to improved classification precision across all digit classes. These findings demonstrate that the proposed WTS-MFCC-CNN framework not only advances SDR accuracy but also provides a scalable and computationally efficient approach suitable for real-world biometric, financial, and voice-controlled applications. The results highlight the potential of hybrid time–frequency representations integrated with deep architectures to set a new benchmark for robust spoken digit recognition.
Optimasi Titik Daya Maksimum Global dan Distorsi Harmonik Arus pada Sistem PV-Inverter menggunakan Algoritma Migrasi Lebah (QHBM) Muhammad Cahyo Bagaskoro; Aripriharta; sujito; Saodah Omar
JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 14, No 3: November 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v14n3.1331.2025

Abstract

This paper investigates the optimization of the Global Maximum Power Point (GMPP) and the simulation of Total Harmonic Distortion of Current (THDI) from an inverter connected to a nonlinear load. THDI variations are analyzed with respect to ambient temperature (T) and solar irradiance (G). The study also highlights how harmonic components negatively affect steady-state voltage stability in photovoltaic (PV) systems. The Queen Honey Bee Migration (QHBM) algorithm is applied to optimize GMPP while minimizing THDI. An off-grid PV-inverter system is modeled in MATLAB/Simulink. The model extracts THDI as a function of temperature and irradiance. Simulations cover irradiance from 794.8 to 994.2 W/m² and temperature from 20.0°C to 32.3°C, based on daily measurements from 08:25 to 16:50. The QHBM algorithm tracks GMPP effectively under fluctuating irradiance. Results show a 17.3% improvement in power extraction efficiency and a 32.8% reduction in THDI compared to conventional methods. The highest THDI occurs during low irradiance, particularly in the early morning and late afternoon. The algorithm converges in 0.18 seconds, outperforming other techniques. THDI increases during rapid irradiance and temperature changes. The proposed method ensures stable performance and lower THDI. Combining QHBM with active harmonic filters under low irradiance conditions is recommended to improve power quality and enhance system protection.

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