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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 30 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 11, No 2 (2012)" : 30 Documents clear

PENYIMPANAN SERBUKSARI PISANG LIAR Musa acuminata Colla UNTUK MENDUKUNG PROGRAM PEMULIAAN PISANG BUDIDAYA [Pollen Storage of Wild Varieties of Musa acuminata Colla Ensuring Pollen Source for Cultivated Banana Breeding Program] Rachman, Erlin; Poerba, Yuyu Suryasari; Ahmad, Fajaruddin
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Research on pollen storage of four varieties and one subspecies of wild banana, Musa acuminata Colla, was carried out to support genetic improvement of banana cultivars through hybridization. The four wild varieties, breviformis, zebrina, malaccensis, bantamensis and a subspecies banksii cultivated at Cibinong Science Center (CSC-LIPI), Cibinong. Anthers were collected, put on bread paper,dried on hot plate at 40ÂºC for about two hours, open dried at room temperature in the laboratory (about 26ÂºC) for overnight, prepared for storage in two ways: -using and, -without silica gel, then stored in three storage temperatures, -5ÂºC, 5ÂºC and room temperature. Pollen germination was observed one day before storage, one week, four or five weeks and 12 weeks of storage. At the beginning, M. acuminata ssp banksii had highest pollen germination percentage, followed respectively by varieties bantamensis, breviformis, malaccensis and zebrina. The pollen germination ranks for the five banana varieties were remaining constant up to 12 weeks of storage though pollen germination dynamics occurred week by week. Silica gel may be recommended to be used until 5 weeks of storage. Storage temperature of -5ÂºC and 5ÂºC may be recommended as better storage temperature compared to room temperature. No special pattern shown by pollen tube vigor, but subspecies banksii pollen stored without silica gel, at 5ÂºC and room temperature tends to form better pollen tube vigor than stored at -5ÂºC.

PERBAIKAN MUTU GENETIK UDANG GALAH (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) BERDASARKAN SELEKSI FAMILI [Genetic Improvement of Giant Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) based on Family Selection] Hadie, Lies Emmawati; Hadie, Wartono
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The base populations were composed to support selective breeding of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). Composite population were improved additive and dominance of genetic variance, especially for character of economic important. Economic character of giant freshwater prawn have a ratio of carapace length to standard length (ratio CL/SL).This research is aimed to improved the genetic of carapace and standard length ratio for giant freshwater prawn based on family selection. Selection methods were conducted on trait of carapace and standard length ratio as an edible portion. The base population prawn were used from three location i.e. Cimanuk (Cape of Air, West Java), Citanduy (Pamarican,West Java) and Musi River (Palembang, South Sumatra). Family selection was used selectedstructure. Parents were selected based on breeding value. Natural spawning was used product to first generation (F1) production of population. Larval rearing was used clear water system, fingerling production in the concrete tank, and juvenile rearing was conducted on earthen ponds. Respons selection was estimated to five months of freshwater prawn. Result of this experiment indicated that population of giant freshwater prawn can build by breeding program with heritability value of dressing out to 0.56+0.07; selection differential to 13.74 and selection intensity to 4.05. Prediction of genetic improvement from that genetic parameters is a value 7.69% to one generation. Implementation of population would be increased of genetic quality and there is decreased of gen degradation to prawn population.

TINJAUAN ULANG (REVIEW) TINJAUAN FISIOLOGIS DOMESTIKASI ULAT SUTERA LIAR Attacus atlas (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) [A Physiological Review on Domestication of Wild Silkworm A. atlas (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)] Ekastuti, Damiana Rita
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Attacus atlas are insects producing silk materials having high economic value. It lives from South East Asia, almost all Indonesia until Australia.The demand of silk from Attacus atlas is quite high (10 tons/month). The A. atlas silk is very exclusive, with permanent in variety colors from light to dark brown. At present, to response the high demand, the people get cocoons from nature. This action could reduce result, and the scarcity of the insect. Beside that, rearing was done by placing the larvae on the trees (outdoor rearing). The outdoor rearing resulted in high mortality because of predators or stress. Better rearing is conducted by indoor rearing, that resulted in high survival rate, and high cocoon or egg production. It is because indoor rearing was supported in better environmental condition than outdoor condition that support physiological process eficiently.

PENGGUNAAN EKSTRAK FERMENTASI BERAS DARI BEBERAPA JENIS Monascus purpureus UNTUK AKTIVITAS INVITRO FAGOSITOSIS SEL MAKROFAG DAN POLIMORFONUKLEAR PERITONEUM MENCIT SEBAGAI IMMUNOMODULATOR [In Vitro Phagocytosic Activities of Macrophage and Polymorphonuclear Cell as Immunomodulator Effect of Rice Fermentation Extract by using Several Strains of Monascus purpureus] Yulinery, T; Nurhidayat, N
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Fermentation of rice by Monascus purpureus could produce red yeast rice (angkak) that can be used as drugs to decrease cholesterol and triglycerides increase thrombocyt in patients of dengue fever. To increase the immune system is needed the compounds that can be produced by microorganisms. The aim of study is to know that several strains of Monascus purpureus could produce the immunomodulatory effects or not. The study is about the invitro of phagocytosic activities of macrophage cell and polymorphonuclear of mice. This study had been used the fermented rice extract of five concentration such as 1 mg/ml, 0.1 mg/ml, 0.01 mg/ml, 0.001 mg/ml and 0.0001 mg/ml. As positive control was used 5 mg/ml extracts of meniran herbal, suspension of Staphylococcus aureus and the liquid of mice peritoneum. The results showed that the extract of fermented rice of Monascus purpureus with 1 mg/ml concentration was the same effectiveness as positive control. The conclusion was the extract of fermented rice could increase the fagocyticyt activities of can be concluded that administration of extract some kind of Monascus purpureus to increase the phagocytosis activities of macrophages and polymorphonuclear cells of mice.

PENGARUH ANGKAK HASIL FERMENTASI BERAS OLEH Monascus purpureus JMBa TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN GLUTATHION PEROKSIDASE (GPx) SERTA HISTOPATOLOGI HATI TIKUS GALUR SPRAGUE DAWLEY [The effect of Angkak from rice fermented by Monascus purpureus JMBa on antioxidant and glutathion peroxidase (GPx) activity and liver histopatology of Sprague Dawley Rats] Kasim, Ernawati; Triana, Evi; Yulinery, Titin; Nurhidayat, Novik
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i2.487

Free radicals released from metabolism processes in the body were reactive and toxic to cells and tissues because it cause protein, cell membrane and nucleic acid damages which lead to cancer. It could be overcame if antioxidant system in the body is in good function.Nevertheles antioxidant system could be destructed by variety of conditions. Modern lifestyle that frequently consumed of high saturated fat, additives, and low fiber content in foods were potential risk for cancer and hypercholesterolemia. To overcome that risks with specific drugs were high cost. Therefore this research was conducted to take advantages of natural sources which potential for antioxidant and antihypercholesterolemia activities that could be fast, easy and inexpensive processing. One of the natural sources that meet the criteria was angkak resulted from rice fermented by Monascus purpureus. The result revealed that angkak contained lovastatin showed antioxidant and antihypercholesterolemia activities and increased glutathion peroxidase activity of optimal dose 5 g/day. The histopathologi observation of ratÃ¢â¬â¢s liver showed that administered of angkak on rats feed high level of cholesterol inhibited accumulation of fat in ratÃ¢â¬â¢s liver.

KEANEKARAGAMAN TUMBUHAN VEGETASI HUTAN MANGROVE DI TUMBU-TUMBU, LAMPEAPI DAN WUNGKOLO, PULAU WAWONII, SULAWESI TENGGARA [Plant Diversity of Mangrove Forest Vegetation in Tumbu-Tumbu, Lampeapi and Wungkolo, Wawonii Island, South East Sulawesi] Suhardjono, Suhardjono
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Fifty four species belong to 32 families and 46 genera were recorded in mangrove areas of Tumbu-tumbu, Lampeapi and Wungkolo(Wawonii Island, South East Sulawesi). Twenty four of them included in the IUCN (Anonim, 1997) list. The richest species diversity found in Lampeapi (48 species) followed by Tumbu-tumbu (39 spesies) and Wungkolo (29 species).The dominant species of those areas were Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza.The total average density of three was 268â742 individu/ha, with basal area 16.14â28.99 m 2/ha, sapling plant was 66â317 indv./ha will basal area 0.38â0.92 m /ha and seedling plant was 88,13 â146,66 individu/ ha.

ANALISA KESTABILAN GENETIK PISANG KEPOK âUNTI SAYANGâ HASIL MIKROPROGASI DENGAN MARKA RAPD DAN ISSR [Genetic Stability Analyses of Micropropagated Pisang Kepok âUnti Sayangâ by RAPD and ISSR Markers] Poerba, Yuyu Suryasari; Imelda, Maria; Martanti, Diyah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers were used to evaluate the genetic stability of micropropagated plants of âPisang Kepok Unti Sayangâ at various stage of in vitro sub-cultures and in vivo plant material.All RAPD and ISSR profiles from micropropagated plants were monomorphic and similar to those of field grown control plants until stage tenth of sub cultures (V1S10). No variation was detected within the micropropagated plants, except for C12 (V1S44),G7 (V1S48 ), I11 and I12 (V1S10).RAPD and ISSR marker were both could be used to test the genetic stability of micropropagated bananas using the developed protocol.

EFEK FERRI SITRAT TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KHAMIR Candida tropicalis DALAM MEREDUKSI 3-(4,5-DIMETHYLTHIAZOL-2-YL)- 2,5-DIPHENYLTETRAZOLIUM BROMIDE (MTT) [Effect of ferric citrate on 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction in yeast Candida tropicalis] Julistiono, Heddy; Muthmainah, Resti Siti; Adam, Adam
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Effect of iron (ferric citrate) on 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction in yeast Candida tropicalis was investigated. Reduction of MTT in yeast grown in YMB media containing 5 mM of ferric citrate decreased significantly compared to that of yeast grown containing 0, or 1.25 or 2.5 mM ferric citrate after 24 h incubation. However, there was no difference in cell density among cultures treated with 0 mM, 1.25 mM, and 5 mM ferric citrate. Ferric citrate of 5 mM caused smaller colony when cells were grown on YPDG media. Reduction of MTT in smaller colony cells was weaker than that of with normal size colony. An antioxidant, Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) of 0.01 % could not reverse MTT reduction caused by 5 mM ferric citrate. Since enzymes responsible in MTT reduction are usually located in mitochondrion, the data suggested that, in the condition of 5 mM ferric citrate might cause mitochondrion disorder without killing the yeast cells. The data was in concordance with other studies on other yeast or human cells. However, this study does not show role of free radicals provoked by high level of iron concentration.

KOMPOSISI JENIS DAN POTENSI ANCAMAN TUMBUHAN ASING INVASIF DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN-SALAK, JAWA BARAT [Species Composition and Threat Potential of Invasive Plants Species in Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park, West Java] Sunaryo, Sunaryo; Uji, Tahan; Tihurua, Eka Fatmawati
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

A study on species composition and threat potential of invasive plant species was conducted in the Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park,Cidahu Resort, West Java. We developed two plots of different altitudes. The result showed that there were four invasive alien species possessing potential threat to the ecosystem and native species in the National Park, i.e. Piper aduncum (Piperaceae, with an Important Value of 20,70); Calliandra calothyrsus (Mimosaceae, IV = 9,11), Austroeupatorium inulaefolium (Asteraceae, IV = 18,77), and Clidemia hirta (Melastomataceae) as shrub. The threats of invasive plants happen in open forest area and could occur from the residential or public places.

KEANEKARAGAMAN FLORA DI TAMAN NASIONAL BUKIT BARISAN SELATAN, PROVINSI LAMPUNG [Flora Diversity in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Lampung Province] Arifiani, Deby; Mahyuni, Ridha
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Study on plant diversity by exploration and collection have been carried out at the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Province of Lampung.The study sites was focused on secondary lowland forests of Way Canguk and Sukaraja Atas. The research was aimed to obtain floristic data from such areas that has never been recorded. Flora diversity in these areas is relatively high as represented by 183 plant species from 124 genera and 60 families. It is noted that 3 species are newly for Sumatran flora.

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