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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 28 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 11, No 3 (2012)" : 28 Documents clear

STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS IKAN INTRODUKSI DI DANAU BATUR, BALI [Community Structure of Introduced Fish in Lake Batur, Bali] Sentosa, Agus Arifin; Wijaya, Danu
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Lake Batur is the largest lake in Bali island, however information on introduced fish community is not available yet. The research aimed to identify the community structure and ecological status of the introduced fish in Lake Batur, Bali. The study was carried out on May, July and October 2011 using survey method. The fishes were obtained using experimental gill nets and by fishermen. Data analysis included index of diversity, evenness, dominance, species richness and the abc (abundance-biomass comparison) curve. The results showed the tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was the dominant species. The status of introduced fish community suggested to ecological stress but it was relatively undisturbed.

STRUKTUR DAN KOMPOSISI VEGETASI SEKITAR SARANG PENYU HIJAU (Chelonia mydas Linnaeus) PANTAI PANGUMBAHAN, SUKABUMI SELATAN, JAWA BARAT [Vegetation Structure and Composition of Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas Linnaeus) Nests in Pangumbahan Coastal Area, Southern Sukabumi, West Java] Roemantyo, Roemantyo; Nastiti, Adriani Sri; Wiadnyana, Ngurah N
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.508

Pangumbahan coastal area is one of many important nesting sites of the green turtle (Chelonia mydas Linnaeus) in Indonesia. This area is mainly comprises of disturb coastal old secondary forest. Some sites along the seashore were converted into fishpond, dry land agricultural and other was destroyed for other uses or as an open unproductive areas. However this area has a still plays an important role especially for the conservation of green turtle habitat and also for the ecosystem stabilization of the coastal area in general. Floristic research was conducted on September 2009 to investigate the existing vegetation structure and composition along the seashore using transects method.The Ã¢â¬Åpoint center quarters methodÃ¢â¬Â was used to calculate the importance value of the vegetation on every turtle nesting sites. The important natural species vegetation communities in the area were comprises of herbs, shrubs and trees species. Ipoemoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br and Spinifex littoreus (N. L. Burman) Merrill as a first layer coastal line plant community that play as an important herbs species which creeping grown on the white sands coastal surface. The second layer comprises herbs, small trees and shrubs such as Pandanus tectorius Parkinson ex Zucc, Crinum asiaticum L. and Callotropis gigantea R.Br. The second layer species plays as a vegetation community which covering and protecting the green turtle nest site from the direct sunshine, running of big wave and heavy rain water. Terminalia catappa L., Calophyllum inophyllum L., Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz. and Hibiscus tiliaceus L. as a big crown tree community grown covering on the most behind as a back layer of coastal line which play as shading trees of the second layer species community, especially to stabilized humidity and temperature of the sand and the environment. The vegetation structure and composition of the old secondary coastal forest of Pangumbahan was described to understand the detail role and function of the vegetation species in this area.

INFEKTIFITAS Spodoptera exigua NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS (SeNPV) YANG DIPERKAYA DENGAN BAHAN PENGAKTIF TERHADAP LARVA Spodoptera exigua Huebner [The Infectivity of Spodoptera exigua Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeNPV) Enriched with the Enhancer to the Spodoptera exigua Huebner Larvae] Samsudin, Samsudin; Santoso, Teguh
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Spodoptera exigua Huebner nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeNPV) is an entomophathogenic virus of onion caterpillar S. exigua larvae commonly used as bioinsecticide. The major limitations of SeNPV for biocontrol of onion caterpillar is it requires long time for the virus to kill the insect host. This research was aimed to find out the material as phagostimulant to increase the infectivity of SeNPV and to determine the optimum boric acid concentration as an enhancer for SeNPV activities. This research was conducted at laboratory using Cipanas isolate of SeNPV and third instar of S. exigua larvae. Phagostimulant used are 5% ofsucrose, soybean sauces, molases, sugar and turmeric filtrate,and the enhancers used are 0,1%, 1%, 5% and 10% concentration of boric acid. This result indicated that soybean sauces and sucrose increased S. exigua consumption and enhanced the infectivity of SeNPV. When mixed with polyhedra of SeNPV, 1% to 5% sucrose significantly increased S. exigua consumption and increased the infectivity of SeNPV, while 10% sucrose tended to decrease the feeding of S. exigua. Boric acid enhanced the infectivity of SeNPV. However, the increase of boric acid concentration should be restricted maximum at 5% for avoiding the negative impacts on the environment.

KORELASI ANTAR-KARAKTER DAN SIDIK LINTAS ANTARA KOMPONEN HASIL DENGAN HASIL BIJI KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata (L) Wilczek) [Correlation Among Characters and Path Analyses Between Yield Components with Grain Yiled on Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L) Wilczek)] Hakim, Lukman; Suyamto, Suyamto
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

A total of 10 mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) genotipes including check variety (Vima) were evaluated on rainfed after rice at Ngale Experimental Farm, Ngawi, East Java during early dry season of 2010. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications. Plot size was 4 m x 5 m, plant spacing was 40 cm x 20 cm, each hill contained two plants. A correlated and path coefficient analyses were used in order to determine the association among characters and quantify the direct and indirect effects of agronomy traits on seed yield. The study has identified 2 promising lines, i.e. MMC342d-3-4 and MMC342d-kp-3-3 produced the highest yield of 2.2 t and 2.0 t/ha respectively and had good adaptation on rainfed. Two varieties (Kutilang and Kenari) having large seed size (>7.5g/100 seed). Therefore, these varieties can be used as source of parents on breeding program. Among the agronomic characters, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and seed size were positively and significantly correlated with grain yield. The direct effect of number of pods per plant, number of seed per pod and seed size to grain yield as indicated by path coefficient were the highest, while other causal effects to grain yield were small or negative. Based on both analyses, mungbean genotipes with high grain yield should have high number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and large seed size. Therefore, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and seed size can be suggested for selection criteria in selecting high yield mungbean genotipes on rainfed.

ANATOMI HELAIAN DAUN MURRAYA SPP. (RUTACEAE) DI JAWA Eka Fatmawati Tihurua; Inggit Puji Astuti; Rugayah Rugayah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.511

Leaf anatomy of four species of Murraya (Rutaceae) have been examined. Murraya spp. leaf has dorsiventral type. Anticlinal epidermis cell wall present with straight-undulate and square-irregular shaped. Anomocytic stomata distribute only in the lower surface and simple trichome spread in both leaf surfaces except M. crenulata (Turz.) Oliv. which has trichome only in the lower surface. Mesophyll consist of 2 or more layers of palisade tissues in the leaf upper part and sponge below, but M. exotica L. has palisade tissue in both leaf side. Oil gland distribute in the mesophyll. Crystal present as prismatic (cuboid) and drusse type.

KARAKTERISTIK RAGAM KULTIVAR KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L.) YANG DIGUNAKAN SEBAGAI BAHAN UPAKARA PADUDUSAN ALIT DI BALI Eniek Kriswiyanti
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.502

Exploration have been conducted to determine characters variation of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) usually used in Upakara Padudusan Alit ceremonial by Balinese people, covering coconut plantation areas in each regency (kabupaten) of Bali.The characterization is based on measurement and observation of parts of plant according to ”Descriptors for Coconut” (IBPGR, 1992). Upakara Padudusan Alit use five “cultivars” of coconut known as "nyuh panca warna", derived from coconut with specific individual character i.e. has bole. There are five cultivars C. nucifera L. var. typica Nar. ), i.e. ‘Gading Tall', 'Bulan Tall', 'Udang Tall' and 'Sudamala Tall'. Besides there are 4 derived cultivars from Dwarf coconut (Cocos nucifera L. var. Riff nana), i.e. ‘Gadang Dwarf, 'Gading Dwarf ', 'Bulan Dwarf ' and ‘Udang Dwarf'. Characteristics of each coconut are in certain part, like Gadang, Gading, Bulan, with green, yellow and white epicarp. The Nyuh Udang is red in calyx base or in mesocarp; inflorescence of ‘Sudamala tall’ has two bracts, branched spatha and flat spikelet stalk. Determination key of these cultivars is produced.

PEMANFAATAN POHON LOBA (Symplocos fasciculata Zoll.) SEBAGAI PEMBANGKIT WARNA ALAM PADA KERAJINAN TENUN DI DESA PEJENG, TAMPAK SIRING, GIANYAR, BALI SF Hanum; IDP Darma; IMd Sumerta
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.507

Indonesia's plant diversity potentially as natural dyes. A general process in dyeing with natural dyes needed mordanting workmanship on the material to be dyed/stamped. The process of mordanting is done by immersing the material into the metal salts, such as aluminum, iron,tin or chrome. Amid fears of negative impacts caused by dyes and synthetic mordant to health and the environment, people begin to look back the use of natural dyes. So far, the material used for mordanting is alum; though Loba tree (Symplocos fasciculata Zoll.) is one type of plant that can be useful as mordant but today not many people knows the role of this plant. This paper aims to determine the S. fasciculata role and its use as mordant for natural dye textiles. The method used was interviews with parties concerned. The results of this research is aknowledge on S. fasciculata role as a mordant as local wisdom in traditional Balinese weaving. Plant parts that may be used are leaves and inner bark. Conservation efforts is eagerly continued by Eka Karya Bali Botanic Gardens-The Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI). Currently two species (among 250 naturally grow) of Symplocos conserved at Eka Karya Bali Botanic Garden-LIPI.

GEJALA KLINIS DAN PATOLOGI ANATOMI PASCA INFEKSI Campylobacter jejuni PADA AYAM BROILER Andriani Andriani; Mirnawati Sudarwanto; Surachmi Setiyaningsih; Harsi Dewantari Kusumaningrum; Herwin Pisestyani
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.498

Campylobacter spp. is a bacteria foodborne zoonotic agent that can infect humans and animals, especially birds. This bacteria can cause important problems in the public health since the beginning at the farm level, the level of retail and on the table. Poultry meat is the main source of contamination because the digestive tract of poultry is the predilection of Campylobacter jejuni. During this infection C. jejuni in poultry did not show typical clinical symptoms, making detection quite difficult to diagnose this disease at the farm level. Incidence infection of Campylobacter sp. in developed countries had 5-90%. Currently poultry production and consumption are predicted to still increase due to a high demand for low price protein. This research is conducted to determine the clinical and pathologic anatomy due to an infection of C. jejuni on chicken digestive tract. A total of 105-day-old chickens are divided into 3 groups, each consisting of 35 individuals. Group A was the control group (not infected) group B (infected with C. jejuni ATCC 33291), and group C (infected with field isolate of C. jejuni/C1). Infection of the chicken is done 0.5 ml peroral suspension concentration of104cfu/ml. Anova Duncan is used to analyze parameters of body weight, increase weight gain, feed consumption, FCR values. Kurskall Walis method used to analyze the parameters non-parametric form of the score changes in the macroscopic and microscopic intestinal and liver. Infection of C. jejuni changes the pathology anatomy of intestine i.e. hyperemia, enteritis and enteritis catharalis haemorrhagic. A microscopic change of intestinal is oedema,haemorrhage and infiltration of inflammatory cell. Changes of pathology anatomy liver are colour smeary, congesti, pale, fragile and necrotic. Microscopic changes of liver are degeneration and focal hepatic necrosis. Group observation infected by C. jejuni caused chicken cannot reach maximum body weight and can be detrimental to farmers because of increase of the value of the feed conversion ratio (FCR).

STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS IKAN INTRODUKSI DI DANAU BATUR, BALI Agus Arifin Sentosa; Danu Wijaya
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.503

STRUKTUR DAN KOMPOSISI VEGETASI SEKITAR SARANG PENYU HIJAU (Chelonia mydas Linnaeus) PANTAI PANGUMBAHAN, SUKABUMI SELATAN, JAWA BARAT Roemantyo Roemantyo; Adriani Sri Nastiti; Ngurah N Wiadnyana
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.508

Pangumbahan coastal area is one of many important nesting sites of the green turtle (Chelonia mydas Linnaeus) in Indonesia. This area is mainly comprises of disturb coastal old secondary forest. Some sites along the seashore were converted into fishpond, dry land agricultural and other was destroyed for other uses or as an open unproductive areas. However this area has a still plays an important role especially for the conservation of green turtle habitat and also for the ecosystem stabilization of the coastal area in general. Floristic research was conducted on September 2009 to investigate the existing vegetation structure and composition along the seashore using transects method.The â€œpoint center quarters methodâ€ was used to calculate the importance value of the vegetation on every turtle nesting sites. The important natural species vegetation communities in the area were comprises of herbs, shrubs and trees species. Ipoemoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br and Spinifex littoreus (N. L. Burman) Merrill as a first layer coastal line plant community that play as an important herbs species which creeping grown on the white sands coastal surface. The second layer comprises herbs, small trees and shrubs such as Pandanus tectorius Parkinson ex Zucc, Crinum asiaticum L. and Callotropis gigantea R.Br. The second layer species plays as a vegetation community which covering and protecting the green turtle nest site from the direct sunshine, running of big wave and heavy rain water. Terminalia catappa L., Calophyllum inophyllum L., Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz. and Hibiscus tiliaceus L. as a big crown tree community grown covering on the most behind as a back layer of coastal line which play as shading trees of the second layer species community, especially to stabilized humidity and temperature of the sand and the environment. The vegetation structure and composition of the old secondary coastal forest of Pangumbahan was described to understand the detail role and function of the vegetation species in this area.

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