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INDONESIA
BERITA BIOLOGI
Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,125 Documents
 158   159   160   161   162 
KAYU CENDANA SEBAGAIBAHAN BAKU INDUSTRI KERAJINAN RAKYAT MENYONGSONG OTONOMIDAERAH PROPINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Y Suranto
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 5 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v5i5.1471

Abstract

Kayu Cendana (Sanlalum album Linn.) merupakan satu jenis produk terpenting yang dihasilkan oleh sumberdaya alam berupa hutan di wilayah Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Perlu pengelolaan cendana lebih intensif dan pemanfaatan optimal bagi peningkatan kesejahteraan rakyat NTT dan Pendapatan Asli Daerah dalam menyongsong Otonomi Daerah. Sumber ekonomi yang diperoleh daerah NTT melalui penjualan kayucendana sebagai bahan mentah ke daerah lain kiranya patut ditinjau kembali. Pemanfaatan sebagai bahan baku bagi industri kecil dan menengah perlu ditumbuhkan, dibina dan dikembangkan di daerah NTT merupakan alternatif yang selayaknya ditempuh. Pemanfaatan kayu cendana sangat beragam. Berdasarkan sifat kayu dan kandungan minyak atsirinya, kayu cendana sudah digunakan sebagai bahan baku bagi industri minyak atsiri, industri serbuk (tepung) kayu dan industri kerajinan kayu. Industri kerajinan kayu merupakan industri yang paling potensial, meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat karena penciptaan lapangan kerja dan nilai tambah yang langsung menyangkut masyarakat di tingkat bawah. Produk kerajinan berupa patung, ukiran dan topeng sering kali mengalami cacat retak atau pecah. Cacat ini akan menurunkan nilai produk tersebut. Penurunan ini dapat dihindarkan dengan penerapan teknologi pengeringan dan teknologi stabilisasi dimensi dengan Poli Etilen GUkol (PEG). Teknologi stabilisasi melalui perendaman selama 5 hari dalam PEG-1000 berkonsentrasi 40%, terhadap patung (hasil kerajinan) akan membebaskan sepenuhnya dari cacat retak dan pecah, tetapi mengubah warna kayu dari putih kekuningan menjadi putih keabu-abuan dan menguragi bahkan menihilkan aroma cendana. Penerapan teknologi pengeringan kayu berdampak yang serupa dengan dampak teknologi stabilisasi dimensi.
HAPTOTROPISME PADA POLA SERANG PARASIT TALIPUTRI {Cuscuta campestris Yunck.) [Haptotropism on the Attack Patterns of Dodder {Cuscuta campestris Yunck.)] Sunaryo Sunaryo
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v5i2.1155

Abstract

Field dodder fCuscuta campestris Yunck.)is an obligate parasite plant (holoparasit) with twining stems that coil and fasten to host plants.The qualitative and quantitative studies were tested to 20 twining stems pieces, that infected on host plants (Durantha sp.).The results showed that the twining stems are very sensitive and responsive to the contact of host canopy, but it is not for grasses (Poaceae).A single piece has been found to grow at rate of more than 1 centimetres per day. The ability and speed of reaction of the twining stems by the contact stimulating to their host (haptotropism) were discussed.
PERBAIKAN PADI (Oryza sativa L.) VARIETAS CIHERANG UNTUK SIFAT UMUR GENJAH DAN PRODUKSI TINGGI MENGGUNAKAN MARKA MOLEKULER Joko Prasetiyono; Tasliah Tasliah; Ahmad Dadang; Fatimah Fatimah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 12, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v12i1.518

Abstract

The improvement of rice (Oryza sativa L.) Ciherang variety for early maturity and high production traits was carried out by Marker Assisted Backcrossing (MAB) method using Nipponbare as donor parent. The foreground selection of Hd2 gene was laid on flanking markers of RM1362 and RM7601 in QTL region. The selection process of F1 to BC2F2 plants were based on molecular markers and agronomic characters. The BC2F3 plants were challenged to bacterial leaf blight to know their resistance in this hybridization. The results indicated that the foreground and background selection were not sufficient as selection tools therefore they would be more accurate if assosiated with agronomic characters. Four selected lines derived from Ciherang x Nipponbare crossed (BC2F3 plant # 283, 307, 373, and 462) could be promising lines with early maturity and high productioncompared to Ciherang. Selected BC2F3 lines flowered earlier than original Ciherang up to 7-10 days, while the yield increasing was 3.55 to 9.2% higher based on weight of filled grains/plant, and from 3.58 to 19.39% higher based on the number of filled grain/plant. However, all of BC2F3 lines were not resistant to bacterial leaf blight attack.
HETEROSIS, HETEROBELTIOSIS DAN TINDAK GEN KARAKTER AGRONOMIK KEDELAI {Glycine max (L.) Merrill} Ayda Krisnawati; MM Adie
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 6 (2011)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v10i6.1952

Abstract

Most of the soybean {Gfycine max (L.) Merrill (varieties in Indonesia are produced through hybridization. Expected value of heterobeltiosis,heterosis and the gene action is needed to know to optimize the development strategy of soybean varieties. The experiment was conducted in The Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi-umbian (Balitkabi) greenhouse. The first stage was to form Fl hybrid seed,which was done from May to July 2009; the second stage was for the assessment of Fl plants (August-November 2009). Heterosis,heterobeltiosis and the potential ratio are calculated from the 18 crosses combinations derived from 6 parental genotypes. Data used include the flowering day (days), maturity day (days), plant height (cm), number of branches/plant, number of node/plant, number of pods/plant,seed yield/plant (g) and SO seeds weight (g). Cross combinations that have the highest heterosis values are on the flowering day, maturity day, number of branches/plant and number of node/plant; heterobeltiosis also showed the highest value on the same agronomic characters.Heterosis value of the character of seeds per plant ranged from -36.50% to 75.49%, while for heterobeltiosis ranged from -48.68% to 58.31%. The highest heterosis value was indicated by the Fl from crosses Willis x Malabar. The highest heterobeltiosis value was indicated by crosses of Willis x Grobogan, which means that these crosses have the 58.31% higher yield than the best parents. The soybean yield is controlled by dominant genes and over-dominant. Combination crosses Willis X MLG 0706 (reciprocal) has a higher potential ratio for die character of the number of pods and seeds yield/plant compared to the value of the other potence ratio. Development of soybeans with the use of hybrid heterosis phenomenon still needs to be assessed in terms of economic feasibility.
PENGARUH PERENDAMAN TANAH DAN PEMUPUKAN TERHADAP VIRULENSI PLASMODIOPHORA BRASSICAE WOR. PADA TANAMAN CAISIN (BRASSICA CHINENSIS L.) Dyah Supriyati
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 3, No 9 (1989)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v3i9.1298

Abstract

DYAH SUPRIYATI. 1989. The influence of soil inundation and fertilizer to the pathogenecity of Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. on caisin plant. Berita Biologi 3(9): 463 - 466: Caisin (Brassica chinensis L.) is a member of family Btassicaceae. One of the important diseases that usually attack the plant is swollen root disease (clubroot). The disease is caused by an obligate parasitic fungi i.e. Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor.The pathogen is very difficult to be destroyed, because it has resting spore that remain viable in the soil for a long time.The purpose of this study is to know the influence of soil inundation and fertilizer to the pathogenecity of P. brassicae on caisin plant. The test design is Completely Randomised Design (CRD) with two treatments , soil inundation for 5 days, 10 days, 15 days and 20 days; giving urea, TSP, KC1, mixture of urea, TSP and KC1 fertilizer, lime and control.The observation was performed when the plant has frown for 25 days in the pot. The result of observation is that the treatments with lime, mix true of urea, TSP and KC1 fertiliser, 20 days and 15 days soil inundation decrease the grade of attact of P. brassicae on caisin plant.
RESPON ADAPTIF KUMBANG LEMBING PEMAKAN D AUN Henospilachna vigintioctopunctata (Fabricius) (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE: EPILACHNINAE) DAN TUMBUHANINANGNYA TERHADAP MUSIM KEMARAU DIDAERAH BERIKLIM TROPIS KERING PASURUAN DAN MALANG - JAWATIMUR Sih Kahono
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v8i3.796

Abstract

Adaptive responses of an herbivorous ladybird beetle Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Epilachninae) and the host plants to dry season were studied in Pasuruan and Malang, East Java. Nineteen species of host plants of the beetle have been recorded in Java, however only fiveteen species are found as preferred host plants of the beetles in Pasuruan and Malang. During the season beetles tend to prefer the plants of Datura metel, Brugmansia spp., Solanum melongena, S. torvum, S. pseudocapsicum, and 5. nigrum as their hosts and this might course strong damage to the plants.It is obvious that the beetles tend to move to the humid places to find more suitable food. It is also found that during the days of drought, the beetles feed on eggplant fruits by tunnelling into the flash of the fruits.Some of the beetles ovaries would not develop in the drought and a part of them might enter the diapause stage.Other responses of the beetles to drought will be discussed in the paper.
PENURUNAN KADAR TANIN DAN ASAM FITAT PADA TEPUNG SORGUM MELALUI FERMENTASI Rhizopus oligosporus, Lactobacillus plantarum dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae Raden Haryo Bimo Setiarto; Nunuk Widhyastuti
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v15i2.2295

Abstract

Problems in using sorghum flour as food material was the presence of tannin and phytic acid that can reduce nutritition quality of sorghum flour. This study aimed to analyze the influence of Rhizopus oligosporus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation on the reduction levels of tannin and phytic acid in sorghum flour. Production of sorghum flour was done by four treatments in triplo i.e control (without fermentation), liquid fermentation (with L. plantarum and S. cerevisiae), solid fermentation (with R. oligosporus), mixture of solid and liquid fermentation (with R. oligosporus, L . plantarum and S. cerevisiae). Analysis levels of tannin and phytic acid in sorghum flour fermentation was performed by using spectrophotometry technique. The results showed that the fermentation process was able to reduce levels of tannin from 29.13 to 33.69% and phytic acid levels from 13.36% to 44.65% on sorghum flour. The highest reduction levels of tannin and phytic acid was produced in mixture of solid and liquid fermentation 33.69% and 44.65% respectively. Reduction levels of tannin and phytic acid can be caused of tannase and phytase enzyme which produced by the microbes during the fermentation processes.   
PENELAAHAN KEMBALI STATUS TAKSONOMI DESODIUM OVALIFOLIUM RUGAYAH RUGAYAH
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 3, No 5 (1986)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v3i5.1430

Abstract

RUGAYAH 1986,Semak dengan percabanangan tegak atau merayap daun 1-3 bentuk elip melebar,bundar,bundar telur sungsang,bundar atau bundar telur,ujung membelah,tumpul,runcing atau membelah,besar tumpul,runcing atau membelah basal tumpul,runcing atau jantung,perbungaan 1,2-15 cm, tangkai bunga 2-5(-7)mm mahkota bunga bagian saap dan lunas tegak.polong berbulu atau licin, tangkai 3-6,5(-8)mm
ANALISIS VEGETASI DAN DEGRADASI JENIS TUMBUHAN HUT AN GAMBUT SETELAH KEBAKARAN DIKAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL TANJUNG PUTING KALIMANTAN TENGAH Razali Yusuf
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 3 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v5i3.1110

Abstract

This report deals with the result of an ecological study with reference to disclose the effect of wild fire and human interference on the peat forest deterioration and plant species degradation in Tanjung Harapan Camp, Tanjung Putting National Park, Central Kalimantan. By using quadrate method, a one-hectare both fired and unfired (natural) plots were compared.Within the fired-plots, only 19 plant species were recorded belongs to 16 genera and 12 families, while in the unfired plots, 50 plant species belongs to 34 genera and 23 families were found. The dominant species in both plots was component of pioneering species;Macaranga hypoleuca was one of the dominant.The result of successions after one year of fire showed that Dillenia suffruticosa and Baccaurea bracteata became the most frequent species found with the largest area of distribution.
PENYIMPANAN SERBUKSARI PISANG LIAR Musa acuminata Colla UNTUK MENDUKUNG PROGRAM PEMULIAAN PISANG BUDIDAYA Erlin Rachman; Yuyu Suryasari Poerba; Fajaruddin Ahmad
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i2.486

Abstract

Research on pollen storage of four varieties and one subspecies of wild banana, Musa acuminata Colla, was carried out to support genetic improvement of banana cultivars through hybridization. The four wild varieties, breviformis, zebrina, malaccensis, bantamensis and a subspecies banksii cultivated at Cibinong Science Center (CSC-LIPI), Cibinong. Anthers were collected, put on bread paper,dried on hot plate at 40ºC for about two hours, open dried at room temperature in the laboratory (about 26ºC) for overnight, prepared for storage in two ways: -using and, -without silica gel, then stored in three storage temperatures, -5ºC, 5ºC and room temperature. Pollen germination was observed one day before storage, one week, four or five weeks and 12 weeks of storage. At the beginning, M. acuminata ssp banksii had highest pollen germination percentage, followed respectively by varieties bantamensis, breviformis, malaccensis and zebrina. The pollen germination ranks for the five banana varieties were remaining constant up to 12 weeks of storage though pollen germination dynamics occurred week by week. Silica gel may be recommended to be used until 5 weeks of storage. Storage temperature of -5ºC and 5ºC may be recommended as better storage temperature compared to room temperature. No special pattern shown by pollen tube vigor, but subspecies banksii pollen stored without silica gel, at 5ºC and room temperature tends to form better pollen tube vigor than stored at -5ºC.

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