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Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 08540381     EISSN : 25981013     DOI : 10.20473/mog.V27I32019.90-93
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi (MOG) or the Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science is a scientific journal published by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, in collaboration with the Indonesian Obstetrics and Gynecology Association (POGI) of Surabaya branch.
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Articles 322 Documents
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The role of synbiotics as adjunctive therapy in prolonging latency period in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes Donel S; Amiruddin Hidayatullah; Maya Savira
Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi Vol. 34 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mog.V34I22026.99-106

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS Synbiotics significantly prolonged the latency period in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). The intervention group receiving synbiotics showed a longer latency period (>7 days) compared to the control group (OR = 9.53, p = 0.0126). The study supports the potential use of synbiotics as an adjunctive therapy to improve perinatal outcomes in PPROM cases.   ABSTRACT Objective: Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (PPROM) is one of the main causes of preterm birth, significantly contributing to perinatal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to evaluate the effect of synbiotic administration on prolonging the latency period in pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). The research explores whether synbiotics, a combination of probiotics and prebiotics, can modulate the inflammatory response and extend the latency period, potentially improving perinatal outcomes in PPROM cases. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Arifin Achmad Hospital and other affiliated hospitals in Pekanbaru, Indonesia. A total of 32 pregnant women diagnosed with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) were enrolled and randomly assigned into two groups: the control group, which received cefotaxime and placebo, and the intervention group, which received cefotaxime and synbiotics. The primary outcome was the latency period, defined as the time from PPROM to delivery. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 32 pregnant women diagnosed with PPROM were enrolled in the study. The control group (n=16) received cefotaxime and placebo, while the intervention group (n=16) received cefotaxime and synbiotics. The latency period was significantly longer in the intervention group (>7 days) compared to that in the control group (OR = 9.53; p = 0.0126). Conclusion: Synbiotics can be an effective adjunct therapy in prolonging the latency period in preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), potentially reducing the risk of preterm birth.
Improving quality of life for patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) : The impact of transobsturator tape surgery measured with SUI severity Dhian Eka Putri Harnandari; Surahman Hakim
Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi Vol. 34 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mog.V34I22026.107-114

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS Transobturator tape (TOT) surgery resulted in a high short-term subjective and objective cure rate (87.5%) and a 100% improvement rate in Indonesian women with moderate-to-severe stress urinary incontinence. This study provides the first objective, pad-test–based evidence demonstrating the effectiveness and safety of TOT surgery in an Indonesian population treated at a national referral center. The significant reduction in SUI severity observed after TOT surgery supports its clinical applicability and reinforces its role as a primary surgical option for stress urinary incontinence in resource-diverse settings.   ABSTRACT Objective: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common condition that significantly impairs women's quality of life. Although the transobturator tape (TOT) procedure is an established surgical treatment for SUI, evidence regarding its outcomes in the Indonesian population remains limited. This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of TOT surgery in Indonesian women with moderate-to-severe SUI. Materials and Methods: A retrospective single-arm pre-post cohort study was conducted on women who underwent TOT surgery between January 2021 and December 2023 at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Subjective and objective outcomes were assessed using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire–Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF) and the one-hour pad test before surgery and 3 months postoperatively. Data were analyzed using paired-samples t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: Sixteen patients met the inclusion criteria, comprising 8 patients with moderate SUI and 8 with severe SUI. The mean age was 55.6 ± 8.2 years, and the mean body mass index was 27.1 ± 3.5 kg/m². At 3 months, 14 patients (87.5%) achieved objective cure, while the remaining two (12.5%) improved from severe to mild SUI. Median pad test weight decreased significantly from 42.5 g (IQR: 16.5–68.5) to 2.0 g (IQR: 1.0–4.5) (p < 0.001). No major intraoperative complications occurred, and all patients reported complete resolution of subjective symptoms based on ICIQ-UI SF assessment. Conclusion: TOT surgery is a safe and highly effective treatment for moderate-to-severe SUI in Indonesian women, providing excellent short-term objective and subjective outcomes and supporting its broader implementation in clinical practice.  
Mermaid syndrome (sirenomelia): a rare congenital malformation Safira Novia Brillianti; Alfun Dhiya An
Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi Vol. 34 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mog.V34I22026.173-182

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS Sirenomelia may present with variable systemic anomalies, and not all classical abnormalities reported in the literature are necessarily observed. Comprehensive evaluation of the gastrointestinal and urogenital systems is crucial due to their high frequency of involvement in sirenomelia cases.   ABSTRACT Objective: Sirenomelia, also known as mermaid syndrome, is an exceptionally rare and severe congenital malformation characterized by partial or complete fusion of the lower limbs, often resembling a mermaid’s tail. This anomaly is frequently accompanied by multiple visceral and systemic abnormalities, particularly involving the gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and cardiovascular systems. The incidence of sirenomelia is estimated to range from 1 in 60,000 to 1 in 100,000 live births, with a generally poor prognosis due to the severity of the associated internal defects. Case Report: We report a case of a newborn presenting with sirenomelia of the symelia type, defined by complete fusion of both lower limbs into a single structure. Physical examination revealed the absence of external genitalia and an imperforate anus. Skeletal radiography confirmed the presence of both femoral and tibiofibular bones within the fused extremities. Further evaluation demonstrated severe gastrointestinal malformations, including the absence of a normal anal opening, while other anomalies commonly reported in the literature, such as renal agenesis or cardiac defects, were not identified in this patient. Conclusion: This case illustrates the wide clinical spectrum and phenotypic variability of sirenomelia. Although it is typically associated with extensive visceral involvement, not all classical anomalies are necessarily present. Comprehensive systemic evaluation is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management planning, as gastrointestinal and urogenital malformations occur frequently and significantly influence prognosis and survival outcomes.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and obesity: do they increase the risk of urinary dysfunction and urinary tract infections? Asih Anggraeni; Uki Retno Budihastuti; Eriana Melinawati; Abdurahman Laqif; Agung Sari Wijayanti; Intan Rachmawati
Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi Vol. 34 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mog.V34I22026.115-122

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS The study demonstrates that obesity significantly increases the risk of urinary dysfunction and urinary tract infections in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). These findings highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary and holistic management approach that addresses not only reproductive and metabolic aspects but also urogenital health in obese women with PCOS.   ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate whether the combination of PCOS and obesity increases the risk of urinary dysfunction and UTIs in women of reproductive age compared with overweight women with PCOS. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included women aged 18–45 years who met the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS and had a BMI ≥23 kg/m² at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta from January 2024 to May 2025. Subjects with chronic diseases or recent surgery, antibiotic use, or hormone therapy were excluded. Participants were categorized as overweight (23–24.9 kg/m²) or obese (≥25 kg/m²). Urinary dysfunction symptoms and UTI incidence were extracted from medical records. Associations were analyzed using the Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: Of 37 women screened, 31 met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 31.2±4.1 years, and the mean BMI was 25.4±1.5 kg/m². Urinary dysfunction was significantly more prevalent in obese than overweight women (91.7% vs. 15.8%; p<0.001). Similarly, UTIs were significantly more frequent among obese women (83.3% vs. 21.1%; p=0.001). Obesity was associated with substantially increased risks of urinary dysfunction (OR = 33.0; 95% CI: 4.2–257.3) and UTIs (OR = 18.7; 95% CI: 2.8–123.5). These findings suggest that increasing adiposity may contribute to urogenital complications and underscore the importance of early urological assessment. Conclusion: Obesity is significantly associated with increased urinary dysfunction and UTIs in women with PCOS, supporting the integration of urological screening into the routine management of obese women with PCOS.
Predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus among first-trimester pregnant women: Evidence from a health center in West Java, Indonesia Noviyanti; Dede Waslia; Intan Nafisah
Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi Vol. 34 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mog.V34I22026.123-128

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS This study identifies body mass index (BMI) and family history of diabetes as significant determinants of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among first-trimester pregnant women. The findings emphasize the need for early screening and preventive interventions in primary health care to reduce GDM risk and its associated complications.   ABSTRACT Objective: Many first-trimester pregnant women at a health center in West Java, Indonesia, have been reported to exhibit elevated blood glucose levels and excessive BMI, while documentation of family history of diabetes remains inadequate. Local studies examining the relationship between these factors and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are still limited. This study aimed to determine the association between maternal age, BMI, and family history of diabetes and the incidence of GDM in first-trimester pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This case–control study involved 96 first-trimester pregnant women attending antenatal care at the Health Center with Inpatient Care in Cikalong Wetan, Bandung, Indonesia, in 2024, who were selected through purposive sampling. Participants were divided into cases (n = 48), defined by glucose levels =140 mg/dL, and controls (n = 48) with glucose levels <140 mg/dL and no clinical signs of GDM. Maternal age, BMI, and family history of diabetes mellitus were obtained from medical records and interviews. BMI was calculated from anthropometric measurements at the first antenatal visit, and blood glucose levels were assessed in the first trimester using the enzymatic glucose oxidase method. Data were analyzed descriptively using chi-square and binary logistic regression tests. Results: BMI and family history of diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with the incidence of GDM (p = 0.0001 for both variables). Maternal age was not significantly associated with GDM (p = 0.60). Logistic regression analysis identified BMI and family history as the dominant factors related to GDM risk. Conclusion: Family history and BMI were significantly associated with the risk of GDM. Preventive interventions should focus on pregnant women with high BMI and a family history of DM.
Patterns of Chlamydia trachomatis, bacterial vaginosis, and gonorrhea in high-risk multi partner women Dian Novitasari; Willy Sandhika; Ashon Sa’adi; Dewi Ratna Sari
Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi Vol. 34 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mog.V34I22026.129-137

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS In women at elevated risk, trachomatis infection is not invariably linked to other sexually transmitted infections, such as bacterial vaginosis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Integrated screening for Chlamydia trachomatis infection and other STIs is crucial for the early detection and prevention of reproductive complications in women, particularly in regions with restricted access to STI screening facilities.   ABSTRACT Objective: Chlamydia trachomatis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that has a high potential to cause serious reproductive complications, especially in women. Unfortunately, testing for Chlamydia trachomatis infection is still rarely performed compared to testing for other sexually transmitted infections such as bacterial vaginosis (BV) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between CT infection and BV or GO in high-risk women. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 92 sexually active women in a coastal village in Jember Regency, Indonesia. Endocervical samples were examined for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) using direct immunofluorescence. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) was diagnosed by wet mount and KOH testing, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GO) infection was diagnosed by Gram staining. Associations were analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact tests, followed by binary logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: CT infection was detected in 35 women (38%), BV in 68 (73.9%), and GO in 2 (2.2%). CT was not significantly associated with BV (p = 0.263) or GO (p = 0.523). In multivariate analysis, BV was not independently associated with CT infection (aOR 1.15; 95% CI 0.43–3.12; p = 0.780), while the effect of GO could not be estimated due to the small number of cases. Conclusion: No substantial association was observed between CT infection and either BV or GO. To facilitate the early detection of STIs, CT screening should be conducted concurrently with other STI tests, particularly in resource-limited areas with high-risk populations.
Difference between Javanese traditional music therapy and hypnopregnancy audio on improving sleep quality in third-trimester pregnant women Efrila Antika Puji Lestari; Noviyati Rahardjo Putri; Luluk Fajria Maulida; Ratih Puspita Febrinasari; Atriany Nilam Sari
Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi Vol. 34 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mog.V34I22026.138-144

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS Both Javanese traditional music therapy and hypnopregnancy audio produce clinically meaningful improvements in sleep quality among third-trimester pregnant women, reinforcing the value of culturally adapted and non-pharmacological interventions in antenatal care. Multiple auditory-based relaxation approaches may offer comparable benefits, providing flexible options for integration into maternal health programs and supporting SDG 3 on maternal well-being.   ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Javanese traditional music therapy and hypnopregnancy audio in improving sleep quality among third-trimester pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a two-group pretest–posttest design without a control group. A total of 35 pregnant women in their third trimester were recruited through total sampling at Gambirsari Community Health Center, Surakarta, Indonesia, and were randomly assigned to the Javanese traditional music therapy group (n = 17) or the hypnopregnancy audio group (n = 18). Both interventions were delivered for 4 weeks, for 30 minutes before bedtime. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: In the Javanese traditional music therapy group, the mean PSQI score decreased by 4.00 points from 9.06 ± 2.19 to 5.06 ± 1.68 (p < 0.001), indicating improved overall sleep quality following the intervention. Similarly, the hypnopregnancy audio group demonstrated a 4.11-point reduction from 9.50 ± 1.69 to 5.39 ± 1.82 (p < 0.001). Although both interventions significantly improved sleep quality, no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups (p = 0.581). Conclusion: Both Javanese traditional music therapy and hypnopregnancy audio improved sleep quality among third-trimester pregnant women, with no significant difference between the two interventions.
The effect of curcumin on preventing Blood-Brain Barrier disruption with the indicator of decreased CSF albumin to plasma ratio through reduced CSF IL-6 levels. A study on preeclamptic rat model Rosalia Purbandari; Bambang Rahardjo; Hermawan Wibisono; Cholid Rochman Riskianto
Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi Vol. 34 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mog.V34I22026.145-152

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS Systemic inflammation and complement activation increase BBB permeability, which plays a role in the pathogenesis of eclampsia. L-NAME increases blood pressure, proteinuria, CSF IL-6, and the CSF/plasma albumin ratio, while curcumin reduces inflammatory markers and BBB disruption.   ABSTRACT Objective: Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder characterized by endothelial dysfunction and increased blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability, contributing to eclampsia. Curcumin possesses anti-inflammatory properties that may protect the BBB. This study aimed to assess the effect of curcumin on BBB integrity using the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/plasma albumin ratio. Materials and Methods: This in vivo experimental study employed a post-test-only controlled design in 30 pregnant Wistar rats divided into five groups: negative control, L-NAME-induced preeclampsia (125 mg/kg BW/day), and three treatment groups receiving L-NAME plus curcumin (30, 50, or 100 mg/kg BW/day). L-NAME was administered intraperitoneally on gestational days 13–19. Blood pressure and 24-hour urine protein levels were measured to confirm preeclampsia. On day 20, CSF and serum samples were collected for ELISA measurement of CSF IL-6 and albumin levels. Statistical analyses included the Shapiro–Wilk test, one-way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis test, post hoc testing, and Pearson/Spearman correlation analysis (SPSS 19.0). Results: L-NAME successfully established the preeclampsia model, demonstrated by significant increases in blood pressure, proteinuria, CSF IL-6, CSF albumin, and the CSF/plasma albumin ratio (p < 0.001). Curcumin significantly reduced these indicators in a dose-dependent manner. The highest dose produced the greatest improvement, reducing CSF IL-6, CSF albumin, and the CSF/plasma albumin ratio (p < 0.001), while increasing plasma albumin toward normal levels. Conclusion: Curcumin significantly suppresses inflammation and improves BBB integrity in preeclamptic rat models, suggesting potential as an adjunctive therapeutic agent. These findings support further investigation of curcumin as an adjunctive therapy for preventing BBB-related neurological complications of severe preeclampsia.
The effect of topical eucalyptus oil on shivering severity in cesarean section under spinal anesthesia Endah Sri Wulandari; Dhiyah Sri Utami
Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi Vol. 34 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mog.V34I22026.153-164

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS Topical application of eucalyptus oil (Melaleuca leucadendra) effectively reduces shivering severity in post-cesarean section patients receiving spinal anesthesia. This intervention offers a simple, low-cost complementary therapy for postoperative cesarean recovery care.   ABSTRACT Objective: Shivering is a common complication following cesarean section performed under spinal anesthesia. This condition increases oxygen consumption and may interfere with postoperative recovery. Complementary care approaches, such as the use of eucalyptus oil, may help manage this problem due to their warming sensation and muscle-relaxing effects. This study aimed to determine the effect of topical eucalyptus oil on the severity of shivering among post-cesarean section patients receiving spinal anesthesia at Muhammadiyah Islamic Hospital, Sumberejo, Bojonegoro, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group approach. A total of 48 patients were selected using a purposive sampling technique and divided into two groups: 24 participants in the intervention group (who received 10 cc of topical eucalyptus oil) and 24 participants in the control group (who received standard hospital care). The degree of shivering was assessed before and 15 minutes after the intervention using the Crossley and Mahajan scale. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with a significance level of a = 0.05. Results: Before the intervention, most patients experienced grade 3 shivering (50%). After the application of eucalyptus oil, a significant reduction in shivering severity was observed, with many patients showing a decrease from grade 3 to grade 1 (29.2%), and only 8.3% remaining at grade 4. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant effect (p < 0.001). Most respondents were aged 26–35 years, were housewives, had a body temperature of <36°C, and underwent surgery lasting less than 60 minutes. Conclusion: The application of topical eucalyptus oil effectively reduced the severity of shivering in post-cesarean section patients receiving spinal anesthesia. This intervention may serve as an easy, safe, and low-cost complementary therapy in postoperative recovery care, particularly in midwifery practice.
Impact of dysmenorrhea on exam performance, concentration, school activities and absenteeism on female high school students in Jakarta, Indonesia Achmad Kemal Harzif; Aisyah Retno Puspawardani; Nafi’atul Ummah; Thalia Amila Elsiyana; Sabihisma Nafsiah Putri Hermawan; Patricia Alika Kurniawan; Intan Indah Permatasari
Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi Vol. 34 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mog.V34I22026.165-172

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS More than half of the female students experienced moderate to severe dysmenorrhea, which significantly affected their exam performance, concentration, school participation, and daily activities. Early management and supportive interventions are essential to reduce the negative academic and functional impact of dysmenorrhea among adolescent students.   ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to assess how dysmenorrhea affects exam performance, concentration, school participation, absenteeism, and daily activities among female high school students in Jakarta. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Senior High School 61 Jakarta and involved students from the first and second grades. Eligible participants were those who had experienced menarche, while students with regular analgesic use or chronic medical conditions that could affect academic performance were excluded. A modified questionnaire assessed menstrual perceptions and menstrual impact. Demographic data were presented, and relationships between dysmenorrhea and exam performance, concentration, school participation, absenteeism, and daily activities were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation. Results: A total of 130 participants were included in the study; regular menstrual cycles were reported by 70.8% of participants, 72.3% had normal cycle lengths, and 80% had normal menstrual duration. Moderate to very severe dysmenorrhea was reported, most commonly described as a squeezing sensation (52.3%), and 93% of female students perceived dysmenorrhea as normal. Dysmenorrhea affected exam performance (19.2%), concentration (11.5%), school participation (32.3%), and daily activities (15.4%), while absenteeism was mostly absent (86.9%). Pain intensity of dysmenorrhea showed significant negative correlations with exam performance (r = 0.181, p = 0.040), concentration (r = 0.312, p < 0.001), school participation (r = 0.227, p = 0.009), absenteeism (r = 0.230, p = 0.009), and daily activities (r = 0.242, p = 0.006). Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea is highly prevalent among adolescent students and significantly affects their academic performance, concentration, school participation, and daily activities, emphasizing the importance of early management and supportive interventions to minimize its impact on overall well-being.

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