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Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 19783728     EISSN : 24429740     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry
The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) (e-ISSN:2442-9740; p-ISSN:1978-3728) is published by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Its diciplinary focus is dental science and dental hygiene. The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is published in English on a quarterly basis with each 50-60 page edition containing between nine and eleven scientific articles on research, study literature and case studies. Contributors to the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) included: dental researchers, dental practitioners, lecturers, and students drawn from Indonesia and a wide range of other countries.
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Articles 964 Documents
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The enhancement of type 1 collagen expression after 10% propolis-carbonated hydroxyapatite application in periodontitis-induced rabbits Indi Kusumawati; S. Suryono; Ahmad Syaify
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 54 No. 1 (2021): March 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v54.i1.p16-20

Abstract

Background: Alveolar bone defects caused by periodontitis may require regenerative therapy to restore bone structure. Propolis possesses antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which can stimulate bone regeneration. Propolis-carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) material was applied during open flap debridement (OFD) in periodontitis therapy. Purpose: To analyse the effect of the application of 10% propolis-CHA after OFD on type 1 collagen expression on periodontitis-induced rabbits. Methods: Six male rabbits, aged 5–8 months, weight 1500–2000 grams, were ligated with wire and injected with Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for six weeks to induce periodontitis. The samples were divided into three groups: group A (OFD only), group B (OFD+CHA) and group C (OFD+10% propolis-CHA). To acquire 10% propolis-CHA, the CHA block was cut into 10mg and then immersed in 1ml of 10% propolis solution for 24 hours at room temperature. Decapitation was performed on the seventh and 14th day after OFD was performed on each group and microscopic slides were prepared for type 1 collagen examination. The data was analysed using a two-way ANOVA with a 95% confidence interval followed by a post hoc LSD test. Results: The type 1 collagen expression in group C (61.36±1.88 on day seven and 70.25±3.89 on day 14) was significantly different from group A (42.91±1.78 on day seven and 45.18±2.48 on day 14) and group B (43.91±5.31 on day seven and 59.63±3.27 on day 14) on both the seventh day and the 14th day (p=0.000). Conclusion: The administration of 10% propolis-CHA during OFD can increase the type 1 collagen expression in the alveolar bone of rabbits on the seventh and 14th day.
Orthodontic camouflage treatment using a passive self-ligating system in skeletal Class III malocclusion Fransiska Monika; Retno Widayati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 53 No. 4 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i4.p191-195

Abstract

Background: The treatment options for adults with skeletal Class III malocclusion can be dentoalveolar compensation, also known as orthodontic camouflage, or orthognathic surgery. Camouflage treatment can be carried out with teeth extractions, distalisation of the mandibular dentition, and use of Class III intermaxillary elastics. However, intermaxillary elastics as anchorage has its own risk–benefit. Purpose: To explain that camouflage treatment with teeth extractions can be performed in a mild to moderate skeletal Class III malocclusion using intermaxillary anchorage with elastics, while minimising the deleterious effects and achieving a satisfactory treatment outcome. Case: Our patient was a 25-year-old female who had a skeletal Class III pattern, with normal maxilla and a protruded mandible. She had a straight facial profile with a Class III canine and molar relationship on her right and left sides. Anterior crossbite was also present with crowding on both the maxilla and the mandible. Case Management: The treatment plan was carried out with dentoalveolar compensation by extracting teeth. Extraction of the lower first premolars was conducted to eliminate the crowding and correct the anterior crossbite. The mandibular incisors were retroclined and the maxillary incisors were proclined with dentoalveolar compensation. Passive self-ligating system was used with standard torque prescription, intermaxillary anchorage, and no additional appliances for anchorage control. Class I canine and incisor relationship were both achieved at the end of the treatment, while maintaining the Class III molar relationship. Conclusion: Orthodontic camouflage treatment in an adult patient using a passive self-ligating system and intermaxillary anchorage can improve facial profile and improve dental occlusion.
The effect of body mass index on tooth eruption and dental caries Mohamed Salim Younus; Karam Ahmed; Duran Kala
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 53 No. 3 (2020): September 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p140-143

Abstract

Background: Children were compared to their siblings, cousins or peers regarding the eruption of their permanent teeth. Genetic and environmental factors can affect dental development and, therefore, the body mass index (BMI) could be considered as a factor that may influence dental development. Purpose: To determine any possible association between BMI and either dental caries or the eruption of permanent teeth (central incisor and molar). Methods: A cross-sectional study was completed for six-year-old school children. A total of 218 children (116 boys, 102 girls) from public elementary schools in Erbil City were entered into the study. Dental caries assessments were carried out using the WHO criteria for decayed, missing and filled primary teeth and indices (DMFT). BMI was used to classify obesity status. Results: Overall, 27.98% of the children were classified as overweight, 59.17% as normal and 12.84% as underweight. The DMFT was 5.247, while 12.39% of the children were caries-free. Conclusions: Children of normal weight had most permanent teeth erupted and a low caries index. Underweight children had fewer erupted teeth and a higher caries index. The complex relationship between body composition and oral health should be considered in paediatric patients.
The possibility of polymorphonuclear leukocyte activation in dental socket healing by freeze-dried Aloe vera induction Pratiwi Soesilawati; Ester Arijani Rachmat; Ira Arundina; Nita Naomi
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 54 No. 3 (2021): September 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v54.i3.p124-127

Abstract

Background: Research has proved that Aloe vera has anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and immunomodulator properties that can accelerate the healing process. These properties could be beneficial in the tooth extraction wound-healing process. Neutrophils are the first inflammatory cells to invade and are the predominant cell markers in the wound for 24 hours after injury. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) provide initial protection against micro-organisms, as they engulf and digest foreign bodies. Purpose: The aim of this study was to prove the effect of Aloe vera 90% gel application on the PMN count in the healing process of Cavia cobaya following tooth extraction. Methods: This laboratory experimental research was done using Post-Test Only Control Group Design. The lower incisive of twelve male Cavia cobayas were extracted then divided into four groups. Group P1 and P3 had 90% Aloe vera gel applied into the socket and sutured; group K1 and K3, received no 90% Aloe vera gel application and acted as controls. Samples from group P1 and K1 were terminated and had their mandibula taken one day after tooth extraction, and those from group P3 and K3 were terminated after three days. Tissues were then processed into histology slides, and PMN cells were counted. Results: There were significant differences in the PMN count between groups K1, P1, and K3 compared with P3 (p < 0.05). Higher PMN count was shown on the group containing Aloe vera 90% gel compared with control group, both on day one and three after tooth extraction. Conclusion: Aloe vera 90% gel can increase the PMN count in the inflammation phase of the tooth extraction wound-healing process.
Occlusion and occlusal characteristics of the primary dentition in Emirati schoolchildren Vivek Padmanabhan; Bayan Madan; Sundus Shahid
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 54 No. 2 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v54.i2.p92-95

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of occlusion and various occlusal characteristics differ between populations. Major contributions to these different types of occlusion and occlusal features include ethnic, genetic and environmental factors. Purpose: The objective of the study was to understand the type and prevalence of terminal plane relationships and other occlusal traits, including physiological spacing and primate spacing, in Emirati schoolchildren. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 458 participants in the age range of 3–6 years. A clinical evaluation was performed to record other occlusal characteristics. The data was then subjected to statistical analysis. Results: The present study revealed that the bilateral flush terminal plane was seen in 40.8% of the examined children, the bilateral mesial step in 37.3% and the bilateral distal step in 1.7%. It was found that 44.5% of the examined children had physiologic space in both the upper and lower arches, while 14.19% of them had physiologic space only in the upper arch, 2.18% had it only in the lower arch, and 39% of them had no physiologic space. Primate space was found to be present in both the upper and lower arches in 46% of the examined children. Conclusions: The bilateral flush terminal plane relationship was the most common, and the bilateral distal step was the least common of the terminal plane relationships. In addition, primate spacing had a lower prevalence when compared to other studies.
Effect of formula milk on the roughness and hardness of tooth enamel Amaliyah Nur Irianti; Sri Kuswandari; Al Supartinah Santoso
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 54 No. 2 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v54.i2.p78-81

Abstract

Background: Demineralisation and remineralisation is a natural process in tooth enamel. It is influenced by the content of calcium and phosphorus in saliva, which concentrations are affected by the consumption of food, including formula milk. Demineralisation and remineralisation determine the roughness and hardness of the enamel surface. Purpose: This study compared the effect of formula milk on the roughness and hardness of tooth enamel. Methods: Maxillary premolar extracted teeth were demineralised with 37% phosphoric acid for 90 seconds and then divided into four treatment groups. For four days, the teeth were immersed twice a day in cow formula for five and ten minutes (Group I and II) and soy formula for five and ten minutes (Group III and IV). Before and after the immersion in milk, the teeth were submerged in artificial saliva. The enamel surface roughness and hardness were measured three times using a surface roughness tester and a Vickers microhardness tester, before and after demineralisation and after immersion in milk. Data were analysed using Kruskal–Wallis and post hoc Mann–Whitney tests. Results: There was no significant difference (p=0.88) observed in the roughness reduction among the treatment groups. The highest increase in hardness was noted for the ten-minute cow formula milk group (93.27 ± 16.00). The increase of hardness was higher after immersion for ten minutes. A substantial difference (p=0.03) was seen in the increase of hardness between the treatment groups. Conclusion: Immersion in cow and soy formula milk for five and ten minutes does not reduce the enamel roughness, but it increases the enamel hardness.
The effect of X-ray irradiation to the formation of polychromatic erythrocyte cell micronucleus in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) Eha Renwi Astuti; Hutojo Djajakusuma; Indeswati Diyatri; Nastiti Faradilla Ramadhani
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 54 No. 3 (2021): September 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v54.i3.p128-131

Abstract

Background: Panoramic and cephalometric radiography is very important for diagnosis, treatment plan, and evaluation of orthodontic treatment results. Panoramic and cephalometric radiography are frequently performed at the same time, causing DNA damage and chromosome aberration. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the effect of X-ray exposure in panoramic and cephalometric radiography on micronuclei cell numbers. Methods: Laboratory-based analytical study with 60 healthy-male Wistar rats weighing 200–300 grams divided into 6 treatment groups (n=10). The control group: without radiographic exposure, the treatment group 2: using panoramic radiographic exposure followed by cephalometric, and the treatment group 3: using panoramic radiographic exposure and 24 hours later performed cephalometric radiographic. The unit of analysis was the polychromatic erythrocytes of mice cell, were examined 24 hours and 48 hours after irradiation had been finished. The polychromatic erythrocytes were examined using May-Gruenwald-Giemsa staining and 100x magnification under a microscope with 2000 cells per view. Data obtained were analysed using the SPSS 20 version software. The mean and standard deviations were calculated for each clinical parameter, and a one‐way ANOVA statistical test of significance was used. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The analysis showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the number of micronucleus in groups that used panoramic radiographic exposure followed by cephalometric. Conclusion: X-ray radiation can increase the number of micronucleus in polychromatic erythrocyte cells in rats.
Facial height proportion based on Angle’s malocclusion in Deutero-Malayids Aulia Rohadatul Aisy; Avi Laviana; Gita Gayatri
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 54 No. 2 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v54.i2.p96-101

Abstract

Background: Facial aesthetics are closely related to the harmonious proportions of the facial components. One of the components is facial height. The reference of facial height proportion of certain racial groups needs to be known by orthodontists and surgeons to create treatment outcomes that can be specifically designed for these particular demographics. One of the factors that can affect facial height proportion is malocclusion. Purpose: This study aimed to determine facial height proportion based on Angle’s classification of malocclusion in Deutero-Malayids. Methods: This study used a descriptive cross-sectional method, which was conducted on 116 Deutero-Malayid subjects. The subjects’ malocclusion was first examined using Angle’s classification of malocclusion. Upper and lower facial height were then measured to determine the proportion of these dimensions. The results were then grouped based on each malocclusion class. Results: It was found that the upper and lower facial height proportions in the class I malocclusion group were 46.74% and 53.26% in males and 47.52% and 52.48% in females, respectively. The upper and lower facial height proportions in the class II malocclusion group were 48.46% and 51.54% in females. Upper and lower facial height proportions in the class III malocclusion group were 45.31% and 54.69% in males and 46.29% and 53.71% in females, respectively. Conclusion: The largest proportion of upper facial height in Deutero-Malayids was seen in the class II malocclusion group, followed by class I and class III. The largest proportion of lower facial height in Deutero-Malayids was seen in the class III malocclusion group, followed by class I and class II.
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) gel extract as an antioxidant on the shear bond strength of a resin composite post-bleaching application with 40% hydrogen peroxide Indes Rosmalisa Suratno; Irfan Dwiandhono; Ryana Budi Purnama
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 54 No. 2 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v54.i2.p87-91

Abstract

Background: Tooth discoloration can be treated with tooth bleaching. Bleaching using 40% hydrogen peroxide can reduce the shear bond strength of resin composite because there are free radicals on the tooth surface, so it can delay the restoration. The application of antioxidants can eliminate free radicals after the bleaching procedure and increase the shear bond strength of the composite resin. The common antioxidants are ascorbic acid and natural ingredients, such as pomegranate (Punica granatum L.). Purpose: To determine the effect of pomegranate extract gel on the shear bond strength of composite resin after 40% hydrogen peroxide bleaching application. Methods: This research used 32 maxillary first premolars that were divided into four groups. The samples were bleached, then the labial was prepared and antioxidant gel was applied: group P1 pomegranate gel extract of 5%, group P2 pomegranate gel extract of 10%, group K1 positive control ascorbic acid gel of 10% and group K2 as the negative control. The samples were restored with a nanohybrid composite resin. The shear bond strength was tested using a universal testing machine. The data were tested using a one-way ANOVA followed by a post-hoc LSD test. Results: The pomegranate gel extract increased the shear bond strength of the composite resin after the bleaching procedure of 40% hydrogen peroxide compared with the ascorbic acid gel group and the negative control group. The one-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference (p<0.05). The post-hoc LSD test showed significant differences between the treatment and negative control groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The pomegranate gel extract as an antioxidant increased the shear bond strength of the composite resin restoration after the 40% hydrogen peroxide bleaching application.
Analysis of soft tissue facial profiles of Chinese students at W.R. Supratman 1 and 2 high schools in Medan using linear and angular measurements Hilda Fitria Lubis; Maureen Olivia
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 54 No. 3 (2021): September 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v54.i3.p132-136

Abstract

Background: Soft tissue analysis is essential in treatment planning to ensure proportional, balanced, and harmonious soft tissue at the end of treatment. Several factors influence the variations, such as age and gender. Soft tissue profile analysis is usually studied from a lateral view. Purpose: The study aimed to determine whether there were differences in the average values of linear and angular measurement of the soft tissue profiles of the middle and lower third of the face between Chinese males and females high school students using lateral photometry. Methods: The samples were 100 lateral photographs (50 male and 50 female) of Chinese high school students at W.R. Supratman 1 and 2 in Medan. All samples were collected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria obtained from secondary data. The linear and angular measurements were measured using Software Corel Draw 2019 and analysed statistically using an independent t-test and the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The inferior facial third, length of the lower lip, and prominence of the upper lip were, on average, greater in males, whereas in the prominence of pogonion, nasolabial angles, and nasofrontal angles were greater, on average, for females. Conclusion: There were significant gender differences in Chinese high school students in the inferior facial third, length of the lower lip, prominence of the upper lip, nasolabial angle, and nasofrontal angle, whereas there is no significant difference between genders in the prominence of the pogonion.

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