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Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik

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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 20867050 EISSN : 25286013 DOI : 10.20473/mkp.V34I22021.119-132

Core Subject : Humanities, Art,

Arts Humanities

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 404 Documents

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Uplifting the socio-economic empowerment of women through handicraft industry Shahina Bano; Neelam Farid; Asia Ashfaq; Siti Mas'udah
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 4 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Empowerment is seen as being capable of making choices about job, marriage, mobility, entertainment, and the number of children. The present study focused on the role of handicraft businesswomen, their experiences, and the role of handicraft business as a tool of empowerment for women in Gilgit, Pakistan. The study was limited to the experiences of women producing handicrafts and viewed as socio-economic empowerment for those who are producing handicrafts. This study employed a qualitative research design. The thematic analysis of interviews of the craftswomen showed that they were empowering themselves economically and socially through handicraft business. The research findings reinforced the objectives of the study that the craftswomen perceive empowerment as economic independence and the income generated through handicrafts strengthens their economic as well as social position in society. This study concludes that their economic and social position becomes stronger after starting to earn income. These women also felt like the source of change in terms of motivation, inspiration, and encouragement for the other women in the society. They viewed and regarded the skill of handicrafts as the source of income and financial support for their families.

Pitungan and birth variations of first-born among Javanese ethnic population in Indonesia Lucy Dyah Hendrawati
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 4 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

There is a phenomenon among the Javanese ethnic population, in which many wedding ceremonies are held whenever the Javanese calendar points to particular months such as Besar, Rejeb, and Ruwah, because marrying in those months is believed to bring good fortune. This study aimed to analyze the influence of wedding date determination through pitungan and feeling safe on birth variations of first-born and the number of children the wife gives birth to. The research was conducted in Blitar City, Blitar Regency, and Surabaya City with 193 married couples. Linear Regression and Chi-square were the statistical tests used in this research. Chi-square and Linear Regression tests proved that pitungan affects the birth variations of first-born (p = 0.004; p = 0.004) and the number of children a couple has (p = 0.007; p = 0.002). Both Chi-square and Linear Regression proved that feeling safe (roso slamet) does not have any significant effect on birth variations of first-born (p = 0.162; p = 0.767) and the number of children in household (p = 0.863; p = 0.680). The conclusion is that there is an important relationship between pitungan and birth variation in which the more pitungan is done, the sooner first-born is given birth to and the more children a married couple has.

Cultural value as the basis for the microfinance development of the Farmer’s Group Association Bernard Edheney Huruta; Yulius Pratomo
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 32 No. 4 (2019): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

This study aims to describe the form of local wisdom (cultural value) in rural microfinance — this study conducted from October until December 2018 in Wangga Village, East Sumba. A qualitative method was used to picture the phenomenon of local wisdom-based microfinance development in communities. The authors used in-depth interviews with eight informants from the Rinjung Pahamu Farmer’s Group Association. The eight informants were determined purposively. Also, the data collection was carried out through a focus group discussion with the Rinjung Pahamu Farmer’s Group Association. The results of the study show that the local wisdom experienced by the members of the Rinjung Pahamu Farmer’s Group Association was used to overcome the limited access to formal financial services. The forms of microfinance developed on the Island of Sumba could not be separated from the appreciation of the noble values (Marapu) adopted by the community, such as the philosophy of Pawandang, Hillu Kandutuku, and Rotu Padang. Furthermore, savings and loan activities carried out in the management of the Farmer’s Group Association always consider the aspects of justice and survival. Based on the successful experience of the Rinjung Pahamu Farmer’s Group Association, in the future, the cultural value as the basis for the microfinance development can be applied to other groups as a means to improve financial access among the poor, especially for those living in rural areas. Marapu’s belief that was adopted by the people in Wangga Village still used as the basis for carrying out various activities in people’s lives. Marapu’s view is the belief that the government acknowledges pride, and it strengthens the community to maintain survival and balance. It practised through the Pawandang, Hillu Kandutuku, and Rotu Padang activities.

Local wisdom in environment conservation: A study on a conservation and energy self-sufficient village Fandi Sudiasmo; Novi Catur Muspita
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 33 No. 4 (2020): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Farmer group of Bendrong Hamlet has conducted a series of reforestation activities to cope with landslides and secure the clean water supply to all villages. Although the attempt has run well, many problems have begun to arise, such as people’s land being sold. The buyers are outsiders, thereby deviating from the specified principles of conservation and people’s awareness of conservation activity decreasing. These problems should be solved immediately, recalling Malang Regency is vulnerable to landslide disaster incidence. The research objectives were to reconstruct the conservation conceptualization model and improve the community-based conservation model using a qualitative research method with a case study approach and interactive data analysis technique. The conservation undertaken by people in Bendrong Hamlet divides into two: green and energy conservations. Green conservation conduct through people planting forests with forestry plants and agroforestry plants below it—energy conservation conduct by processing cow manure into biogas as alternative energy. Besides, the conservation activity is intended to be intended for environmental factors and intended as an economic factor obtained from green and energy conservation activities. Social institutions’ participation, legitimacy, and government, private, and community’s participation, either individually or in the group, are essential to the performance of conservation activity as the attempt of conserving natural resource; also, economic activity should be included in the conservation activity to result in an effective and sustainable community conservation activity.

Public organizational performance: Policy implementation in environmental management in Bandung City Engkus Engkus; Ahmad Syamsir
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 4 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

This study is motivated by the performance of the Department of Environment and Hygiene Services of Bandung City which has not been optimal. This is partly due to the poor services in the underground water mining sector, thus it is a current synthesis. This study aims to explore and discuss organizational performance through policies that have been implemented. The research method used was a descriptive qualitative approach, using data collection techniques of observation, interviews, and literature study. The results of the study indicate that the performance of public organizations has not been optimal due to low responsibility, responsiveness, and accountability, as well as internal constraints that occur structurally, the competence of human resources and non-human resources that are not appropriate so that it affects performance in the underground water mining sector that does not comply rule. This study concludes that the organizational structure and human resources in public organizations have not been effective and efficient so that the completion of public services is hampered.

Implementation of nagari expansion policy in Nagari Preparation for Koto Gadang Jaya, Kinali District, West Pasaman Regency Annisa Hanif; Dimas Subekti
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 4 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

The regional government of the West Pasaman Regency has implemented the nagari arrangement using the expansion of nagari. However, there are problems regarding the policy of nagari expansion in the Nagari Preparation of Koto Gadang Jaya. Therefore, this study aims to determine the strategies and problems of expanding the preparatory nagari in Koto Gadang Jaya, West Pasaman Regency. This research is qualitative research using a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques used interviews and documentation. This study used Edward III theory with communication variables, resources, dispositions, and bureaucratic structures. The research findings showed several problems related to implementing the expansion policy of the Nagari Preparation Koto Gadang Jaya; first, on communication variables in the indicators of transmission, clarity, and consistency; second, on the resource variable in human resources, financial resources, and infrastructure facilities indicators; third, the bureaucratic structure variable in the standard operating procedure indicators and fragmentation. Meanwhile, the excellent variable is disposition. This research concluded that the implementation of the policy of expanding the Nagari Preparation Koto Gadang Jaya has not been going well; several problems must be resolved by the party responsible for the policy.

Sexual agency of young widows in Malay culture: An ethnographic study in Serdang Village, South Bangka Citra Asmara Indra; Emy Susanti; Musta'in Mashud
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 4 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Patriarchal culture is part of Malay society. However widows in Serdang Village, South Bangka gain agency in the midst of patriarchal culture. They find strategies in meeting their sexual needs after getting their agency. This study looks at how women find their agency and strategies to fulfill their sexual needs in the midst of the Serdang Village community which is still heavily associated with its Malay culture. The ethnographic research method was carried out to explore the agency of young widows in the village using Agency Theory from Lois McNay and Gayle Rubin’s thought “The Charmed Cyrcle” as an analytical knife to dissect the problems that exist in Serdang Village. This study found that young widows use strategies to fulfill their sexual needs, either by connecting with a boyfriend without getting married, watching adult videos, connecting with customers on a consensual or paid basis. This study concludes that the agency that has been built by the widows allows them to express their sexual needs freely.

Buya and religious issues in the 2019 presidential election in West Sumatra Adlin Adlin
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 35 No. 1 (2022): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

This article attempts to explain the influence of buya and religious issues on Jokowi’s vote decline in the 2019 Presidential Election (Pilpres) in West Sumatra. In the 2014 Presidential Election, Jokowi, who was paired with Jusuf Kalla, received 23.1 percent of the vote. However, in the 2019 Presidential Election, the vote share for Jokowi, who was paired with Ma’ruf Amin, fell to 14.1 percent. Ahead of the 2019 Presidential Election, there was a conflict between the buya in West Sumatra and Jokowi’s supporters regarding religious issues. This study used qualitative methods by relying on documentation studies related to the influence of the buya and religious issues ahead of the 2019 Presidential Election in West Sumatra. The study’s findings indicate that the buya and the majority of the people in West Sumatra practice modern Islam, while the vice-presidential candidate KH. Ma’ruf Amin practices traditional Islam. Religious issues in the form of the Islam Nusantara concept and the Sharia Regional Regulation (Perda) sharpen the difference between the buya and voters in West Sumatra with the Jokowi-Ma’ruf pair. It affected the defeat of Jokowi-Ma’ruf in West Sumatra in the 2019 Presidential Election.

Ethics of local government heads: A study of leadership in Surabaya, Bandung, and Purwakarta, Indonesia Mohammad Taufik; Bambang Irawan; Etika Khairina; Mochammad Iqbal Fadhlurrohman; Paisal Akbar
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 4 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

The most significant aspect of a leader’s behavior is ethics because it is a guideline for interacting, acting, and involving in government in an ethical manner without abusing power. This article aims to find out how the ethics of regional heads are applied in the administration of regional government. The research method used was qualitative with a literature study approach. Data collection was done by literature study by collecting various materials from books, journals, research results, and mass media (news). The results of research conducted on three districts/cities in Indonesia involving three leaders of the Mayor of Surabaya, the Mayor of Bandung, and the Regent of Purwakarta in 2015 show some real examples of regional heads who apply ethical values in their leadership, which can be seen from their performance and competence as well as ideas (innovation) and relationships with the community. It has gone well by applying ethical principles in its performance such as accountability, transparency, legal assurance, and justice. Competence in leadership includes the application of ethical values including emotional intelligence, self-management, social awareness, and relationship management. This study concludes that government ethics greatly influence the implementation and desired results, as well as on leadership, which will affect the performance carried out.

The impact of ecocommunity-based tourism development Oman Sukmana
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 35 No. 1 (2022): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Batu City as a tourism city in Indonesia has a significant impact on its citizens. This study aims to describe the impact of the development of Batu City as a tourism city through the Ecocommunity-Based Tourism (ECBT) model on job growth and poverty reduction. This was qualitative research, in which the technique of collecting data was done through documentation, interviews, and observation. The results showed that Batu City was developed as a tourism city based on ECBT which is a combination of Ecotourism (ET) and Community-Based Tourism (CBT). The development of Batu City as a tourism city has a positive effect on employment growth of 1,074 types of employment in 2013 and increased to 6,183 types of employment in 2017. The increase in employment in the tourism industry sector also has an impact on reducing poverty levels, with the percentage of poor people in Batu City decreasing from 4.67 percent in 2013 to 4.31 percent in 2017. Other research findings also show that the migration of job seekers out of Batu City tends to be low, while the migration of job seekers into Batu City tends to be high. This study concludes that the development of tourism in Batu City is effective in creating jobs and reducing poverty levels.

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