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Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik

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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 20867050 EISSN : 25286013 DOI : 10.20473/mkp.V34I22021.119-132

Core Subject : Humanities, Art,

Arts Humanities

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 404 Documents

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Power relation of the 212 Islamic Group and the government in the 2019 presidential election Moch. Mubarok Muharam; Kacung Marijan; Airlangga Pribadi Kusman
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 3 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

The 212 Islamic Group was in opposition with the government of Joko Widodo (Jokowi) in the 2019 presidential election. This group made militant resistance against Jokowi in the presidential election. This resistance influenced the presidential election contestation became more dynamic and fierce. The fierce contestation had divided the community into two camps, namely the pros and cons of Jokowi. This study explored and analyzed the resistance of the 212 Islamic Group against the government in the 2019 presidential election. This study was a qualitative study, interviewing 12 informants, consisting of the 212 Islamic Groups, Moderate Islamic Groups, Indonesian Ulema Council, online media, and academics. This study showed that The 212 Islamic Group can offset the government’s political influence so that the presidential election becomes more dynamic and balanced. However, the resistance of this group can be substantial (prominent) because of the narration about the rise of Islam and their ability to ideologize mosques and social media. This paper concluded that there was a resistance of the 212 Islamic Group to the country because Jokowi was considered secular and detrimental to Islam in politics and law, such as disbanding Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI).

Revisiting nuclear policies under Modi regime: Leadership analysis and repercussions for Pakistan Muhammad Umer Hayat; Aleena Zaid
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 3 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Modi’s leadership and governance pattern is a matter of consideration as concerned directly with styles of functioning of his adopted policies, which reflects his undertakings both in the social and political realm. This paper seeks to offer an alternative perspective in the domain of the rising threat of Hinduism, while the consolidation of the political power in India has been raising serious implications for Pakistan, in particular. It highlights the impact of all such harsh realist nuclear policies that may cause more complexities and further deteriorate the region's stability. This study deployed descriptive, analytical, and explanatory research techniques but to great extent, a major part consists of the descriptive study, which will be used when it comes to genesis and existing various scenarios. Findings also substantiate India’s intentions and the propaganda waged and all steps keenly targeting Pakistan. Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) seems to be adopting new realist approaches deeply rooted with that of Kautilya’s. Therefore, the paper concludes that the rise of Hindu nationalists gets the support of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS)-based concept demanding soft measures to lessen the worrisome environment causing by the Modi regime.

Raising Islamic values tradition on the reading of Anbiya book Arik Cahyani; Eny Kusdarini
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 3 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Indonesia is a country with a diversity of cultures, ethnicities, religions, races, and traditions. In Indonesia, there are many combinations of cultural values and religious values that are used to elevate the values of a religion. In 2010, the Sheikh Subakir Association was formed as one of the Anbiya book reading associations in Blitar. This study aimed to determine the religious values in the tradition of reading the Anbiya book in Nglegok Sub-district, Blitar Regency, East Java. This study used a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The data were obtained through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and data collection with documents. The interviews were conducted with the head of the group, Sheikh Subakir, several group members, the secretary of the sub[1]district, and village communities. Based on this research, it is found that there are eight values of the Anbiya book that invites humans to always do good in everyday life. The values in the contents of the Anbiya book include: faith values, Islamic values, perfection (ihsan) values, piety values, sincerity values, reliance (tawakal) values, gratitude values, and patient values. This study concluded that the reading of the Anbiya book is preserved to maintain cultural heritage and maintain Islamic values.

Pesantren and the preservation of traditional religious authority in the digital age Dodik Harnadi; Hotman Siahaan; Masdar Hilmy
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 3 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Kiai is the Javanese term of ulama in the traditional Muslim community. It generally refers to a person who has a deep understanding of Islam and leads the institution of traditional Islamic education called pondok pesantren or Islamic boarding school. Indeed, the strength of a Kiai is based on his leadership at the pesantren that has functioned as a space for cultural-social reproduction. While the attention of many researchers focused on the shifting of Islamic authority in the digital age, not much of them paid special attention to the survival of Kiai’s authority. This study aims to examine the role of pesantren in preserving the authority of the Kiai in the digital age. This study employed qualitative method and utilized the cultural reproduction theory of Pierre Bourdieu. This study found that Kiai’s authority continues to survive because pesantren functioned as a space for transmitting cultural values, including the recognition of Kiai’s high position. As a social and cultural reproduction space, pesantren becomes a field that forms habitus through the transmission of its cultural values which is naturally formed in the daily practices of the santri.

Gender representation and language politeness in speech acts: A pragmatic study Widyatmike Gede Mulawarman; Yusak Hudiyono; Andri Andri; Hanik Wahyu Ningsi
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 3 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Language affects society because linguistic forms treat men and women discriminatively as a reflection of the strong influence of language on the culture or habits of the speaking community. This study aimed to describe the representation of gender in speech and language politeness of senior high school and vocational school students in Samarinda City and Kutai Kertanegara Regency. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative. The results of this study showed first, for the speech form by female students towards female teachers, they dominantly used the following forms: positive speech, expressive speech, and assertive speech. Second, for the speech form of female students towards male teachers, they preferred the form: expressive speech and assertive speech. Third, for the speech form of male students towards female teachers, they used the following forms: positive speech, commissive speech, and assertive speech. Fourth, the speech form of male students towards male teachers was expressive. Fifth, gender representation in student’s language politeness showed that female students were more likely to comply and male students were more likely to deviate from the principles of linguistic politeness. This study concludes female students followed the principle of language politeness towards female teachers. Male students expressed more deviations towards male teachers.

Social conflicts between actors in marine resource management in Palabuhanratu, West Java, Indonesia Eva Royandi
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 4 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Marine resources have become a niche of life for fishing groups on the coast of Palabuhanratu Sukabumi, West Java. The dependence of the fishing groups on natural resources has led to competition in the process of obtaining resources. The purpose of this study is to analyze stakeholders in marine resource management in Palabuhanratu. This research was conducted in Palabuhanratu, West Java, Indonesia. The research employed a qualitative approach with 60 informants, divided into 20 local fishermen, 20 migrant fishermen, and 20 external fishermen. The results of the study show several analyzes of the research objectives. First, several actors have an interest and influence in marine resource management in Palabuhanratu, including government actors, local fishermen, migrant fishermen, external fishermen, and marine tourism. Migrant fishermen have a high interest and influence in the process of exploiting marine resources in Palabuhanratu. Second, the relationships that exist between actors in the interaction process for the marine resource management in Palabuhanratu can take the form of negotiations and conflicts. Conflicts that occur are in the form of destroying other fishing gear, controlling the area, and protesting, while negotiations occur in the form of a cooperative relationship between groups of fishermen in catching fish and agreeing on boundaries for each type of fishing gear.

A regional head election’s political corruption and new styles of clientelism Muhammad Habibi
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 4 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Intense competition in the regional head election (Pilkada) has implications for the increasing costs that candidates have to prepare to win the competition. The high cost in the regional head election makes many regional heads, when elected, commit political corruption and practices that are more adapted to the situation, namely the new styles of clientelism. This study aims to determine the shift in the relationship between political corruption and clientelism and to see new forms of clientelism. The approach used in this research was a literature study. Documents were selected using an application from the Publish or Perish database. The results of this study indicate that first, the power of money in politics in Indonesia creates a significant dependence on economic power, which influences a high level of political corruption. Second, there are two new styles of clientelism, including buying and selling votes and patronage in the bureaucracy. This paper concludes that the various modes of political corruption and new styles of clientelism that occur underline political vulnerabilities at the local level due to the broad elaboration of regional authority discretion.

COVID-19 containment measures of the Government of Kenya: Impact on food security and farmers’ socio-economic life Karen Mwende Kinuthia; Emy Susanti
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 2 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Agriculture is the backbone of Kenya’s economy. The majority of the population earn their living through agricultural activities, large-scale and small-scale farming. This study seeks to reveal how the government’s COVID-19 containment measures have affected the agricultural sector and their impact on farmers’ lifestyle changes. This study employed qualitative research methods, with primary and secondary data sources, and conducted in-depth interviews with 12 farmers and agricultural producers of Gatanga Sub-county in Murang’a County, Kenya. This study shows that the farmers experienced economic shocks owing to the fluctuated farm gate prices and projected resource scarcity. In contrast, their lifestyle changed due to income decrease and adjustment of commodity priorities and socio-demographic factors. The severity of COVID-19 impact on agriculture in the Gatanga Sub-County has been doubled by crop destruction, planting delays, and heavy rains that influence scarcity of food commodities. The study recommends other research to evaluate alternative solutions to supply the county’s food outputs other than those already in co-operatives, like tea, coffee, milk, and avocados. Moreover, perhaps the question for other future researchers should now be directed toward the vulnerable families’ daily consumptions to fulfill their food needs.

Small-scale fishermen: Poverty as a challenge to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Sunda Strait Yonvitner Yonvitner; Hanif Wafi; Gatot Yulianto; Mennofatria Boer; Rahmat Kurnia
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 1 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

The poverty reduction indicator in SDGs also includes small-scale fisheries community groups. Small-scale fisheries’ poverty can be measured by income, expenditure, and income, converted to minimum living consumption and village welfare standards. These research aims to study of fisherman income, and welfare level as an indicator of poverty status. The research was conducted at the fisheries landing port in the Sunda Strait during 2019 to collect fisheries data covering production, operational cost, and household expenditure costs. The results showed that most ship crew fishers and ship captains (74%) were poor. Only 26% of the fishermen lived in no poverty status; however, all fishermen classified as high and medium welfare levels from the welfare indicator. Reducing poverty status (period 2020-2030) to be null (zero poverty) should be gradual with a yearly target. According to SDGs target, it needs comprehensive efforts to reduce poverty within ten years, with an average reduction of 7% per year until 2030. It means the government should implement the fishermen’s poverty reduction as part of the national development target.

The phenomenon of bubu tradition in the cycle of time: Portrait of reciprocity in rural Madura Halimatur Rizqiyah; Warsono Warsono; M. Jacky; Nasution Nasution
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 4 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Bubu is a form of reciprocity that occurs in Madura generally and Langkap Village particularly. Generally, the exchange is made by the community as a form of “donations” to the celebration host. The host hopes for a return in the future. The reciprocal incident that occurred in Madura was not just a hope but more of an “obligation” to pay the “donation” or bubu that had been given on the previous occasion. This study seeks to describe the form and meaning of the bubu as well as to explain the changes that occur in the bubu phenomenon which used to be only in the form of voluntary donations into various forms of bubu with their meanings. The research design used was an ethnographic study with a moderate method where the researcher was occasionally directly involved in the tradition. The results of this study reveal several forms of bubu that occur in Langkap Village with different ways and meanings with the same motivation. The bubu given is a transaction of accounts payable and investment with the hope of a return in the future. More than that, there are social sanctions that will await if the bubu that have been given are not returned with the same value.

Page 25 of 41 | Total Record : 404

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