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INDONESIA
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
Published by The Prodia Education and Research Institute
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Public Health
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 13 Documents
 1   2 
Search results for , issue "Vol 13, No 2 (2021)" : 13 Documents clear
Advance-Platelet Rich Fibrin and Hyaluronic Acid Combination Improves Interleukin-6 and Granulation Index in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients Ronald Winardi Kartika; Idrus Alwi; Franciscus Dhyanagiri Suyatna; Em Yunir; Sarwono Waspadji; Suzanna Immanuel; Todung Silalahi; Saleha Sungkar; Jusuf Rachmat; Saptawati Bardosono; Mirta Hediyati Reksodiputro
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i2.1501

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is the most common and threatening complication of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Ideal wound dressing for DFU management should relieve symptoms, provide wound protection, and encourage healing. Advanced-Platelet Rich Fibrin (A-PRF) and Hyaluronic Acid (HA) have been proven to improve wound healing process. This study was aimed to demonstrate the ability of combination of A-PRF and HA in reducing inflammation and improving DFU tissue healing.METHODS: Twenty DFU subjects were involved in this study, and divided into two groups based on the topical fibrin gel treatment: A-PRF + HA group and A-PRF only group. A-PRF was obtained by peripheral blood centrifugation. A-PRF + HA was prepared by homogening A-PRF and AH with a ratio of 1:0.6. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) level, granulation index (GI), numeric pain score (NPS), and inflammation clinical symptoms (ICS) were assessed on day-0, 3, 7 and 14.RESULTS: Wound swabs’ IL-6 level on day-7 was found to be significantly lower in A-PRF + HA compared to A-PRF alone (p=0.041). The IL-6 level reduction also found to be significant higher either in wound swabs (day 0-7, p=0.015) or fibrin gel (day 0-3, p=0.049; day 0-7, p=0.034). A-PRF + HA treatment significantly increased the GI even since day-3 (p=0.043), with lower NPS (p<0.001), and ICS score.CONCLUSION: The combination of A-PRF and HA increases the GI in DFU healing by reducing the inflammation state which will induce the angiogenesis process, as well as reducing pain in DFU subjects better than A-PRF alone.KEYWORDS: inflammation, interleukin-6, wound healing, angiogenesis, proliferation 
Pheretima javanica K. Ethanol Extract Granules’ Effects on Eosinophil Level, Immunoglobulin E Level, and Organs Histopathology in Rattus norvegicus B. Dwi Wahyuni; Joko Waluyo; Jekti Prihatin; Fersty Isna Kusumawardani; Aditya Kurniawan
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i2.1388

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Traditional medicine that might be useful to treat typhoid fever is earthworms (Pheretima javanica K.). It is important to know whether any substances contained in Pheretima javanica K. extract are toxic and have pharmacological effects, which can be observed from the eosinophil and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels in the blood.METHODS: Thirty Rattus norvegicus B. were included in this study and were separated into 5 groups, with 6 rats in each group. T1, T2, T3, and T4 were groups of rats treated with 50, 300, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg BW of Pheretima javanica K. ethanol extract granules (PJEEG), respectively, while the control group was a group of rats treated with 0.36 mg Ciprofloxacin. The eosinophil number and the IgE concentration were detected. Physical observations were also conducted to detect any allergic symptoms, toxicity symptoms, or histopathological changes.RESULTS: Administration of PJEEG significantly increased the number of eosinophil in every group, from 49.82 cells/μL to 259.26 cells/μL on average (p<0.001). PJEEG did not significantly affect IgE levels (p=0.624). The results showed that the administration did not cause any allergic and toxicity symptoms. Histopathological analysis of rats’ kidneys and liver also showed that the administration had no significant effect on histopathological changes.CONCLUSION: The administration of PJEEG does not cause allergic symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and histopathological changes in rats. The administrations also significantly increase eosinophil number in rats’ blood. However, the concentration of IgE in rats’ blood was not significantly changed after administration of PJEEG.KEYWORDS: allergies, typhoid fever, earthworms, Pheretima javanica K., eosinophil, immunoglobulin E
Assessment of sdLDL-C by Three Different Formula and Its Correlation with Clinical Variables Among Diabetes Individuals with and without Nephropathy Desy Thayyil Menambath; Durga Rao Yella; Ashok Prabhu Khandige; Sudha Kuthethur; Nandini Mangalore
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i2.1312

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a common disease worldwide which affects renal function. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetes patients can be accelerated by dyslipidemia. Small dense lowdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol (sdLDL-C) is atherogenic and its predominance has been known as a cardiovascular risk factor. The study aimed to assess the validity of calculated sdLDL-C using three different formulae and its association with other clinical variables in diabetic patients with and without nephropathy, and also to determine the best suited formula to measure sdLDL-C.METHODS: The study subjects were divided into two groups based on the amount of albumin excreted in the urine. Group I or the control group consisted of diabetic subjects without microalbuminuria, while group II consisted of diabetic subjects with microalbuminuria. Blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), creatinine, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-C and apoB were estimated. Three formulae used for the validation of calculated sdLDL-C were TG/HDL, sdLDL (mg/dL) = 0.580 (nonHDL) + 0.407 (direct-LDL-C) – 0.719 (calculated-LDL-C) – 12.05, and LDL-C/LDL apoB.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in sdLDL-C levels of diabetic subjects with and without nephropathy. The sdLDL-C had strong correlation with TC, TG, LDL-C, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), non-HDL and apoB in both study groups. ROC curve showed that LDL-C/LDL apoB derived sdLDL-C had better sensitivity (85%) and specificity (69%) compared to other two measures.CONCLUSION: Though the calculated sdLDL-C do not predict the occurrence of nephropathy in diabetes subjects, it may still be used in conjunction with the traditional markers since it is cost effective. The LDL-C/LDL apoB formula is the best predictor of sdLDL-C among the three equations.KEYWORDS: HDL-C, LDL-C, Microalbuminuria, sdLDL-C, T2DM
The Performance of Glycated Hemoglobin vs. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in the Diagnosis of Glycemic Disorders among Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Southern Iraq Mahmood Thamer Altemimi; Alaa Khattar Musa; Abbas Ali Mansour
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i2.1431

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A baseline oral glucose tolerance test (2-h OGTT) is important to screen for dysglycemia in PCOS particularly those high risk women. Due to its advantages by fasting is not required and less day-to-day variability, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) might be a convenient screening tool. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of HbA1c vs. 2-h OGTT in the diagnosis of glycemic disorders in PCOS and to evaluate the correlation between glycemic disorders, insulin resistance (IR), and anthropometric measures.METHODS: One hundred and twenty nine women diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam 2003 criteria in Basrah were included in the study. All subjects were examined for weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Then they were tested for fasting glucose, 2-h OGTT, HbA1c, and fasting insulin to assess IR.RESULTS: The result of 2-h OGTT test showed that there were 21 subjects (16.1%) showed to have IGT. The result of HbA1c test showed that 25 subjects (19.4%) were diagonised with prediabetes. Meanwhile FPG test result showed that 34 subjects (26.4%) were having IFG. The HbA1c examination showed an underdetected the diagnosis of T2DM (0.8%) and an overdeteced diagnosis of prediabetes (19.4%) (p=0.021) and at HbA1c 5.55% (37.2 mmol/mol), the specificity was (74.3%) and sensitivity (56.5%) to discriminate normal from abnormal glucose status. Ninety nine women (76.7%) were either overweight or obese and most of them had IR (76.8%).CONCLUSION: Screening of glycemic disorders is crucial for PCOS by using 2-h OGTT regardless of risk factor and HbA1c seems to be an unsatisfactory screening tool to predict glycemic disorders in women with PCOS.KEYWORDS: PCOS, glycemic disorders, OGTT, HbA1c, insulin resistance, and prediabetes
Coffea canephora Bean Extract Induces NIH3T3 Cell Migration Yessy Ariesanti; Ferry Sandra; Bianda Claresta; Livia Alvita
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i2.1522

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Wound healing is an essential biological process that consists of sequential steps aimed at restoring the architecture and function of damaged cells and tissues. There are empirical evidences of using pure coffee bean powder as an alternative medicine in treating various types of wounds. However, there is limited data on coffee-induced wound healing, especially migration of cells. Therefore, current study was conducted to investigate the role of coffee extract in cell migration, especially fibroblast which is important for wound healing.METHODS: Coffea canephora beans were prepared, extracted and added in the NIH3T3 cell culture in final concentration of 2.5% and 5%. Then cytotoxicity test was performed using Na,30-[(phenylamino)-carbonyl]-3,4-tetrazolium]-bis(4-methoxy-6-nitro) benzenesulfonic acid hydrate (XTT) assay. Meanwhile, cell migration test was performed with scratch assay. All results were statistically analyzed.RESULTS: The 2.5% or 5% Coffea canephora beans extract (CCBE)-treated NIH3T3 cell numbers were almost similar with the numbers of NIH3T3 cells in starvation medium merely. Meanwhile, 2.5% and 5% CCBE showed significant decrease of the widths of scratched areas compared to starvation medium merely (ANOVA with LSD Post-hoc, p=0.000). After 24 h and 48 h, the average widths of 2.5% and 5% CCBE-treated scratched areas were 235.68±22.79, 50.36±5.29, 229.95±23.01, 27.68±2.83, respectively.CONCLUSION: Since both 2.5% and 5% CCBE are potential in inducing migration of fibroblast (NIH3T3 cell) and do not induce cytotoxicity, the CCBE could be potential as an agent for wound healing.KEYWORDS: coffee, Coffea canephora, NIH3T3, migration, cytotoxicity
The Effect of Green Tea on the Expression of NPC1L1, ABCG5, and ABCG8 in the Intestine of High Fat Diets-induced Rats Erna Susanti; Endang Susilowati
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i2.1420

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Signaling pathways contributing to cholesterol efflux and inhibitory inflammation in atherosclerosis that has not been explored is the liver X receptor (LXR). Catechin as LXR agonist influences the expression of Niemann-pick C1 like 1 (NPC1L1) protein transporter that triggers the inhibition of cholesterol absorption. This study aimed to examine the effect of Catechins on the expression of intestinal transporters: NPC1L1, ATP-binding cassete-proteins G5 (ABCG5) and G8 (ABCG8).METHODS: Twenty-five experimental animals were divided into five treatment groups, with 5 rats in each group. The groups were normal diet rats (group 1), high fat diets-induced rats (group 2), high fat diets-induced rats treated with 30 mg/kg body weight (BW) of Catechins (group 3), high fat diets-induced rats treated with 60 mg/kg BW of Catechins (group 4), and high fat diets-induced rats treated with 120 mg/kg BW of Catechins (group 5). After one-month, all rats were sacrificed, blood and intestine were collected. Lipid profile were determined enzymatically, mRNA levels were determined by reversetranscriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), while the expression of protein transporter were determined by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Catechins treatment decreased the expression of NPC1L1, but increased the expression of ABCG5 and ABG8.CONCLUSION: Catechins can be developed as a candidate for NPC1L1 inhibitor to mediate the inhibiting absorption of intestinal cholesterol, therefore increasing the inhibitory effect of atherogenesis.KEYWORDS: ABCG5, ABCG8, aterogenesis, Catechins, green tea, NPC1L1
Metformin Reduced Collagen Deposition and Contractility, but Increased Collagen Degradation in in vitro Posterior Capsule Opacification Model Frisma Sagara Brilliyanto; Gatut Suhendro; Indri Wahyuni; Maftucah Rochmanti; Windhu Pramono
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i2.1480

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) often occurs after cataract surgery. Metformin has been known to have an ability to inhibit fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of metformin on cell contractility, collagen deposition and degradation in human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) of cataract patients.METHODS: HLEC were isolated from the anterior lens capsule of patients undergoing cataract surgery. The HLEC culture was carried out using explant culture technique. The in vitro PCO model was created by scratching technique on HLEC cultures. The treatment groups were given 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mM metformin, respectively, while the control group were given 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). On the 7th day after scratching technique, the collagen deposition, collagen degradation and cell contractility were evaluated.RESULTS: Collagen deposition in HLEC was significantly reduced after given 0.1 mM, 0.5 mM and 1 mM metformin (17.92±6.16 mg/mL, 12.92±4.31 mg/mL, 11.25±5.30 mg/mL, respectively), compared to the control group (31.46±7.52 μg/mL, p=0.002). Collagen degradation significantly was increased in the 0.1 mM, 0.5 mM and 1 mM metformin groups (4.77±9.27 mg/mL, 6.59±1.16 mg/mL, 6.35±1.90 mg/mL, respectively) compared to the control group (2.21±2.78 μg/mL, p=0.002). While, collagen contractility in HLEC was significantly reduced in 0.1mM, 0.5mM and 1 mM metformin groups (16.39±3.89%, 13.89±2.59%, 11.93±2.44%, respectively), compared to the control group (44.25±4.95%, p=0.000).CONCLUSION: Metformin reduced collagen deposition and contractility, but increased collagen degradation in HLEC of cataract patients through mechanism of extracellular matrix remodeling.KEYWORDS: metformin, human lens epithelial cell, fibrosis
Association of rs10830963 MTNR1B and rs841853 SLC2A1 Polymorphism with Obesity on Type 2 Diabetes Patients: An Overview of Melatonin Receptor and Transporter Yanuarita Tursinawati; Arum Kartikadewi; Ari Yuniastuti; R Susanti
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i2.1488

Abstract

BACKGROUND: One of the hormones that plays a role in glucose metabolism of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is melatonin. Its genetic variation is believed to play a significant role in the pathophysiology of obese and non-obese T2DM. The role of MTNR1B (melatonin receptor coding gene) and SLC2A1 (Glucose transporter 1/GLUT 1 transporter coding gene) on the risk of obese and non-obese T2DM patients is controversial. This study aims to analyze the association between the rs10830963 MTNR1B and rs841853 SLC2A1 polymorphism to the risk of Javanese obese T2DM.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that involved 107 Javanese T2DM patients from primary heath care in Semarang. Furthermore, obese T2DM was defined by a body mass index (BMI) more than 25 kg/m2. The genetic variations examined were rs10830963 MTNR1B and rs841853 SLC2A1 polymorphism by PCR-RFLP methods. Blood biochemistry parameters were also examined. Allele and genotype frequencies of rs10830963 MTNR1B and rs841853 SLC2A1 polymorphisms were analyzed using the x2 test with p≤0.05 and 95% CI.RESULTS: There was a significant association between rs10830963 MTNR1B polymorphisms in obese and nonobese T2DM (p=0.044) and the CG genotype increased the risk of obese T2DM. Furthermore, the allele and genotype frequency of rs841853 SLC2A1 polymorphism in both group had no significant difference, with a p=0.756 and p=0.802, respectively. There was also no significant difference in the biochemical parameters' in both groups of the two genetic variants studied.CONCLUSION: The rs10830963 MTNR1B polymorphism is associated with the risk of obesity in Javanese T2DM patients but not for the rs841853 SLC2A1 polymorphism.KEYWORDS: polymorphism, MTNR1B, SLC2A1, obese, diabetes mellitus
Development of Tetra-primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) PCR for Detection of CHRNA3 rs8040868 Anggi Laksmita Dewi; Dewi Kartikawati Paramita; Jajah Fachiroh
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i2.1463

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Single nucleotide variations (SNV) have been mapped to be associated with several human conditions and diseases. To validate the association between SNV to certain human traits or diseases, a large number of subjects must be included. Thus, in need of a fast, relatively economic, and reliable genotyping method. This can be achieved through the use of tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (Tetra-primer ARMS PCR). This study reports strategy to develop Tetra-primer ARMS PCR-based genotyping of CHRNA3 rs8040868.METHODS: The optimization of Tetra-primer ARMS PCR was done through these steps: identification of gene sequence and position of single mutation; designing outer and inner PCR primers; amplification of target gene fragments through PCR by using outer primer; confirming genotype of the PCR product by using sequencing; determining an optimum ratio of outer and inner primer; and determining optimum annealing temperature and cycles for the PCR program. The PCR products were run in 2% gel agarose electrophoresis and visualized under UV illumination.RESULTS: Outer and inner primer ratio of 1:3 with annealing temperature of 64.4°C and 40x cycles was found to be the most optimum condition. Tetra-primer ARMS PCR was able to confirm the results of the DNA sequence of 2 samples, confirming wild-type variants (TT allele) and the heterozygous mutant (CT allele).CONCLUSION: Tetra-primer ARMS PCR was able to genotype rs8040868 of the CHRNA3 gene.KEYWORDS: tetra-primer ARMS PCR, CHRNA3, rs8040868, genotyping
The Role of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Coronary Artery Disease: Basic Molecular Mechanisms and Its Clinical Potentials Yudi Her Oktaviono; Suryo Ardi Hutomo; Kevin Luke
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i2.1570

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains as the world number one cause of morbidity and mortality. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are known to be involved in vascular biology. Current review briefly summarizes the basics of EPCs and its clinical use in CAD.CONTENT: EPCs were firstly isolated in 1997 and involved in neovascularization. Further evidence defined EPCs into two distinguishable groups, namely: myeloid angiogenic cells (MACs) and endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs). Common cardiovascular drugs, statin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, and their combinations, showed beneficial effects on EPCs. Likewise, the incorporation of EPCs upon CAD intervention management had been recently studied. Intramyocardial EPCs implementation and anti-CD34 antibody-coated stents could provide a promising option for refractory symptoms in CAD.SUMMARY: Association between EPCs and CAD is very dynamic and complex. EPCs could serve as both therapeutic target and agent in CAD patients. Subsequently, a universal definition of EPCs is needed for greater research in the future.KEYWORDS: atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, endothelial progenitor cells, neovascularization

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