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INDONESIA
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : 14117525     EISSN : 24610399     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tropika (JHPT Tropika) publishes articles in plant pests, plant pathogens, plant damage caused by those pests and pathogens and or their management in tropical areas. In addition to basic and applied research papers, JHPT Tropika publishes short communication that have not been published. Before being accepted for publication, all manuscripts must be peer reviewed. The journal is published sixmonthly in March and September.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 558 Documents
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Chitosan derived from crab shell waste: A natural coating against anthracnose disease in Capsicum annuum L. (Chilli) Hardian Susilo Addy; M Azam Baihaqi
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.226342-352

Abstract

Chitosan, a polysaccharide derived from crustacean shells, serves as a promising natural coating for horticultural products such as chili (Capsicum annuum L.) to control postharvest diseases like anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum species. This research aimed to extract chitosan from crab shell waste and evaluate its physicochemical properties and efficacy against anthracnose in chili fruit. Chitosan was produced from crab shell waste through demineralization, deproteinization, and deacetylation. The process yielded 32.29% chitosan. Key characteristics of the extracted chitosan included a violet result in the biuret test (indicating protein presence), partial solubility in acetic acid, 0.02% ash content, a melting point of 193.2 °C, 6.87% moisture content, and a low viscosity of 192.9 centipoise (cP). In vitro assays demonstrated that chitosan at a concentration of 2 mg/mL significantly inhibited the growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. In in vivo trials, pure chitosan (2 mg/mL) and shell-derived chitosan (6 mg/mL) slightly prolonged the disease incubation period to 3.67 days and reduced disease severity by 33.33% compared to the control. However, the chitosan coating did not significantly affect fruit shrinkage. These results suggest that while crab shell-derived chitosan has strong antifungal properties, its formulation may need modification to improve physical barrier properties such as moisture retention.
Characterization antagonism of Nigrospora spp. against Fusarium solani causing Fusarium wilt in Capsicum frutescens L. plants Supiana Dian Nurtjahyani; M. Rafi Dhiaulhaq; Moh. Ilham Yusuf; Ali Mustofa
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.226353-362

Abstract

Fusarium wilt is a major disease affecting horticultural crops in Indonesia, including chili, where it causes root rot, disrupts nutrient uptake, and reduces plant growth. This study aimed to evaluate the antagonistic activity of five Nigrospora spp. isolates against Fusarium solani, the causal agent of Fusarium wilt in chili plants (Capsicum frutescens L.). The tested isolates included Nigrospora gorlenkoana, N. guilinensis, N. musae, N. oryzae, and N. rubii. Antagonistic activity was assessed using the dual culture method on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 25 ºC for 72 hours. The results showed that all isolates inhibited the growth of F. solani, with N. rubii exhibiting the highest inhibition (56.2%), followed by N. oryzae (50.0%), N. gorlenkoana (30.4%), and N. musae (28.2%), while N. guilinensis showed the lowest inhibition (9.3%). The antagonistic mechanisms involved competition for nutrients and space, as well as mycoparasitism. These findings indicate that N. rubii and N. oryzae are promising candidates for biological control of Fusarium wilt in chili, offering environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical fungicides. This study provides comparative evidence of species-specific antagonistic activity and highlights the potential of Nigrospora spp. for sustainable disease management.
Effectiveness of entomopathogenic fungal combinations on eggs and larval development of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in corn plants Indri Yanil Vajri; Trizelia Trizelia; Haliatur Rahma; Yusniwati Yusniwati
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.226290-303

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith is an invasive pest of corn, requiring effective and environmentally friendly control strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three entomopathogenic fungal (EPF) isolates, namely Beauveria bassiana WS, Metarhizium anisopliae B22C, and Trichoderma asperellum A116, tested as single isolates or in combination against S. frugiperda eggs and larvae. The experiment used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments (three single treatments, four combinations, and a control) and four replications. Conidial suspensions were applied by spraying onto eggs and second-instar larvae. Parameters observed included the percentage of unhatched eggs, larval mortality, and pupal and adult development. Chitinase, protease, and lipase activities were qualitatively tested to support the identification of pathogenicity mechanisms. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the LSD test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that EPF combinations increased mortality and inhibited the development of S. frugiperda. The combination of B. bassiana WS + T. asperellum A116 was the most effective treatment, inhibiting egg hatching by 85% and reducing pupal and adult formation to 25.95% and 12.96%, respectively. The highest mortality of first-instar larvae was observed in the single treatment of B. bassiana WS and the tertiary combination of B. bassiana WS + M. anisopliae B22C + T. asperellum A116, at 24.18% and 22.91%, respectively. Consistent enzymatic activity indicated potential biocontrol synergy through the production of cuticle-degrading enzymes. This combination is recommended for field-scale testing as an environmentally friendly alternative to reduce dependence on chemical insecticides.
Description and molecular characterization of Longidorus orientalis (Loof, 1982) associated with date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in Iraq Ali Z. Abed; Baida G. Ofi; Muhanned Al-W Waeli; Mohammed H. Abass
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.126159-164

Abstract

Soil samples from the rhizosphere of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) trees were collected from orchards in Basrah Province, southern Iraq, a major region for date palm cultivation. This study aimed to isolate and identify plant-parasitic nematodes associated with date palms. Samples were collected from the root zone surrounding the trees, and nematodes were extracted using a sieving technique. Morphometric measurements were obtained from nematodes mounted on permanent slides. To confirm species identification, DNA was extracted from individual females, and the D2–D3 region of the 28S rRNA gene was amplified using PCR. Morphometric and molecular analyses confirmed the species Longidorus orientalis. Sequencing of the D2–D3 region (553 bp) showed 100% similarity with an Iranian isolate (GenBank accession no. GQ988722.1). The nucleotide sequence of the Iraqi isolate was deposited in GenBank under accession no. PV416847.1. This study represents the first record of L. orientalis associated with date palms in Iraq, highlighting its potential as a pathogenic threat and emphasizing the need for sustainable management strategies to reduce its impact and prevent further spread.
Synergistic effects of Lecanicillium lecanii and botanical extracts on growth and virulence against Nilaparvata lugens Stål. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) Lutfi Afifah; Mela Rizki Fauziyyah; Nurcahyo W. Saputro; Fawzy M. Bayfurqon; Anik Kurniati
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.226405-419

Abstract

This study evaluated the synergistic potential of the entomopathogenic fungus Lecanicillium lecanii combined with plant extracts from Dioscorea hispida and Annona muricata (soursop) for controlling the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens). The research addresses the limited adoption of integrated pest management (IPM) and the continued reliance on chemical pesticides, which contribute to environmental risks and pest resistance. The experiment was conducted in two stages. The first stage examined fungal growth on media supplemented with different concentrations of plant extracts. The addition of plant extracts significantly enhanced colony growth, conidial density, and germination compared with the control. The highest conidial density (1.38 × 10⁹ conidia/mL) and germination rate (91.75%) were obtained with D. hispida extract at 5 g/L, indicating superior nutritional support for fungal development. The second stage evaluated the virulence of the optimized fungal culture against N. lugens nymphs. Mortality increased in both dose-dependent and time-dependent patterns. The highest concentration (10⁹ conidia/mL) resulted in 92.71% mortality within seven days, with a lethal time (LT₅₀) of 3.27 days. Improved conidial density and germination contributed directly to enhanced fungal infectivity and pathogenicity. In conclusion, supplementation of L. lecanii with D. hispida and A. muricata extracts improves fungal growth and significantly increases its effectiveness against N. lugens. This synergistic approach provides a promising environmentally friendly alternative to chemical insecticides and supports the development of sustainable IPM strategies for tropical rice agroecosystems.
First Report of Atherigona orientalis (Diptera: Muscidae) infesting Capsicum annuum in West Sumatra, Indonesia confirmed by COI barcoding Nguyễn Phước Sang; Novri Nelly; Reflinaldon Reflinaldon; Hidrayani Hidrayani
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.126216-225

Abstract

Accurate identification of pest species is fundamental to the development of effective integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. This study presents the first molecular identification of the dominant fruit fly species infesting chili (Capsicum annuum L.) in West Sumatra, Indonesia, using DNA barcoding of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Adult specimens were collected between October 2024 and March 2025, and COI-specific primers were used to amplify the genomic DNA extracted from adult tissues. The resulting ~685 bp sequences showed 99.0–99.4% similarity and 96–100% query coverage with reference sequences of Atherigona orientalis (e.g., accession codes PQ483146.1, PQ483144.1, EU627707.1) based on BLASTn analysis. Phylogenetic analysis using the Neighbor-Joining method further confirmed species-level identification by clustering the specimens within the A. orientalis clade with strong bootstrap support. This study provides the first molecular evidence of A. orientalis infestation in chili crops in West Sumatra. The findings offer new insights into the pest status of A. orientalis within chili agroecosystems and emphasize the need for targeted pest management strategies. Moreover, these results establish a valuable baseline for future studies on the host range, dispersal patterns, and seasonal dynamics of this emerging pest to support more effective mitigation planning.
Enhanced nematicidal potential of MnCl2-fortified Bacillus sp. cell-free supernatant against Meloidogyne incognita Dyah Retno Anggraini; Dyah Ayu Savitri; Mochammad Wildan Jadmiko; Sofia Sofia; Sudarko Sudarko; Yuli Hariyati; Khaerani Nurlaelita; Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.226327-341

Abstract

Meloidogyne incognita causes major yield losses, underscoring the need for sustainable control strategies. This study is the first to demonstrate that micronutrient fortification and pH modulation of Bacillus sp. SK07 cultures enhance the nematicidal activity of their cell-free supernatant (CFS) and alter metabolite composition. Bacillus sp. SK07 was cultured in Nutrient Broth supplemented with MnCl2 at 0, 50, or 75 ppm, with pH adjusted to 6 or 8. A 10% (v/v) CFS was evaluated in vitro against eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2) over 7 days using a completely randomized design with five treatments and five replicates. The most effective treatment—50 ppm MnCl2 at pH 8—resulted in 96.4% egg-hatch inhibition and 63.6% J2 mortality at 168 hours, significantly higher than the unfortified control (91.8% and 49.4%, respectively). Chemical analysis revealed substantial changes in metabolite composition: unfortified cultures exhibited 9 peaks, whereas the optimized treatment produced 27 peaks, indicating increased chemical diversity. Several bioactive compounds, including fatty acid derivatives and aromatic esters, were identified. These compounds belong to diverse chemical classes such as acids, esters, alcohols, and hydrocarbons, many of which are known for their nematicidal activity. These findings demonstrate that MnCl2 fortification at pH 8 effectively enhanced the bioactivity of Bacillus sp. SK07, offering a promising and sustainable approach for managing M. incognita.
Antiviral protein genetic markers physiologically induced in cucumber by beneficial microbes against cucumber mosaic virus Allam Arafat Megahed; Badawy Abdelsalam Othman; Hassan Mohamed Mohamed Masoud; Mohamed Salah Eldin Helmy; Khaled Abdelfattah El-Dougdoug
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.226420-438

Abstract

Plant antiviral-induced protein markers provide important indicators of the effectiveness of plant defense responses against viral infection, supporting early detection, disease monitoring, and evaluation of antiviral strategies. In this study, various microbial biotic inducers were applied to cucumber plants to evaluate their ability to trigger systemic resistance against cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-EG). Biochemical and protein-profiling analyses were subsequently performed to quantify the induction of antiviral proteins and the activities of defense-related enzymes. In addition, bioinformatic, spectroscopic, and electrophoretic approaches were employed to characterize antiviral-induced proteins in cucumber plants treated with beneficial microbial isolates under CMV-EG infection. Among the tested treatments, Bacillus circulans produced the highest protein content, whereas B. subtilis resulted in the lowest protein accumulation relative to the healthy untreated control. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed a total of 45 newly induced antiviral protein markers across all microbial treatments, with molecular weights ranging from approximately 13 to 117 kDa and varying in number among the bacterial and fungal inducers. Peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities also varied among the tested microbes, with several bacterial and fungal isolates markedly enhancing these defense-related enzymes. Furthermore, all treatments generated distinct POD and PPO isoenzyme patterns, collectively producing a wide range of newly induced antiviral protein markers that confirmed the strong elicitation potential of these biotic agents. Overall, the applied microbial isolates effectively activated antiviral defense responses in cucumber plants, inducing diverse proteins and enzyme markers that highlight their strong potential as biological resistance inducers against CMV-EG.
Induced expression and functional role of heat shock protein 70 in Pentalonia nigronervosa (PnHsp 70) during banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) transmission Indah Nuraini; Siti Subandiyah; Alan Soffan
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.226390-404

Abstract

Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) plays a critical role in cellular stress responses and virus–vector interactions; however, its diversity and function in Pentalonia nigronervosa, the sole vector of banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify, characterize, and evaluate the expression of Hsp70/Hsc70 genes in P. nigronervosa during BBTV acquisition. RNA-seq datasets from viruliferous and non-viruliferous P. nigronervosa (SRX6918251–SRX6918252) were assembled and annotated, resulting in the identification of seven PnHsp70 and three PnHsc70 genes, which were deposited in GenBank (MW456681–MW456690). Molecular characterization included subcellular localization prediction, physicochemical analysis, structural modeling, and phylogenetic analysis. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis was validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) using plant access period (PAP) assays (0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 hours) on BBTV-infected banana plants. PnHsp70 showed high sequence similarity to Hsp70 proteins from aphids, particularly Myzus persicae and Acyrthosiphon pisum. Structural analyses revealed conserved Hsp70 domains and molecular features, whereas phylogenetic analysis grouped PnHsp70 with other hemipteran Hsp70 homologs. DEG analysis identified PnHsp1, PnHsp2, and PnHsc1 as BBTV-responsive genes. qRT-PCR demonstrated that PnHsp70 expression increased following BBTV acquisition, with peak induction at 1 hour and renewed upregulation at 20 hours PAP. These results suggest that BBTV acquisition induces PnHsp70 expression and support its potential involvement in BBTV–vector interactions. This study provides the first comprehensive characterization of Hsp70/Hsc70 genes in P. nigronervosa and offers new molecular insights into BBTV transmission.
Fumigant activity of three aromatic essential oils against fruit fly Bactrocera carambolae Rini Pujiarti; Ananto Triyogo; Suputa Suputa; Brandon Aristo Verick Purba
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.226439-450

Abstract

Essential oils have attracted considerable attention as environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic insecticides because of their selective neurotoxicity, high volatility, and rapid biodegradability. This study investigated the chemical composition and fumigant toxicity of the essential oils of Melaleuca cajuputi, Amomum cardamomum, and Myristica fragrans against the fruit fly Bactrocera carambolae. The chemical constituents of each oil were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and their fumigant toxicity was evaluated by determining the median lethal concentration (LC50) and 90% lethal concentration (LC90). GC–MS analysis identified 27 compounds in M. cajuputi oil, with 1,8-cineole (34.88%), α-terpineol (10.52%), β-caryophyllene (10.44%), α-humulene (5.74%), and limonene (5.15%) as the major constituents. A. cardamomum oil contained 32 compounds and was dominated by 1,8-cineole (60.48%), followed by β-pinene (8.24%) and α-terpineol (5.35%). In contrast, M. fragrans oil contained 12 compounds, with sabinene (21.51%), α-pinene (17.34%), terpinen-4-ol (15.92%), β-pinene (15.10%), β-phellandrene (8.72%), and α-terpinene (5.95%) as the principal constituents. Among the three oils, M. fragrans exhibited the highest fumigant toxicity against B. carambolae, with LC50 and LC90 values of 0.05 and 0.48 μL/L, respectively, followed by M. cajuputi (LC50 = 0.82 μL/L; LC90 = 1.48 μL/L) and A. cardamomum (LC50 = 2.58 μL/L; LC90 = 3.43 μL/L). The superior fumigant toxicity of M. fragrans was associated with its characteristic mixture of monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes, whereas the high proportion of 1,8-cineole in A. cardamomum alone did not result in greater toxicity. These findings demonstrate that M. fragrans essential oil is a promising botanical fumigant for the management of B. carambolae and highlight the importance of overall chemical composition rather than the abundance of a single constituent in determining fumigant efficacy.

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