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INDONESIA
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : 14117525     EISSN : 24610399     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tropika (JHPT Tropika) publishes articles in plant pests, plant pathogens, plant damage caused by those pests and pathogens and or their management in tropical areas. In addition to basic and applied research papers, JHPT Tropika publishes short communication that have not been published. Before being accepted for publication, all manuscripts must be peer reviewed. The journal is published sixmonthly in March and September.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 559 Documents
Kaplan-meier-based survival analysis of Cylas formicarius following exposure to stored Metarhizium anisopliae formulations Nina Lapinangga; Jacqualine Arriani Bunga; Jemrifs Herkanus Hati Sonbai; Yosefus Frederikus da-Lopez
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.126190-199

Abstract

The sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius) is a major pest of sweet potato crops, particularly in tropical regions. The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is a promising biological control agent; however, its application is often constrained by reduced viability during storage. This study evaluated the efficacy of a dry powder formulation of M. anisopliae stored under ambient tropical conditions for 1 to 6 months. Bioassays assessed conidial density, adult mortality, lethal time to kill 50% of the population (LT₅₀), and survival probability using Kaplan–Meier analysis. Formulations stored for up to 3 months maintained high efficacy, with mortality rates exceeding 82.9%, conidial densities above 2.5 × 10⁸ conidia/g, and LT₅₀ values below 120 hours. In contrast, storage beyond three months significantly reduced conidial viability, increased LT₅₀, and decreased mortality. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed a clear decline in virulence with increasing storage duration, with the 6-month formulation exhibiting the slowest mortality progression. Significant differences in survival probabilities among storage durations were confirmed statistically (p < 0.05). Morphological observations confirmed fungal-induced mortality, characterized by cuticle darkening, tissue softening, mummification, and external sporulation. Conidial deterioration over time was likely associated with physiological factors such as oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and depletion of protective compounds including trehalose and mannitol. Overall, storage duration critically affected the bioefficacy of M. anisopliae. It is therefore recommended that dry formulations be used within three months of production to ensure optimal pest control. These findings provide practical guidance for improving fungal biopesticide shelf life in tropical integrated pest management programs.
Augmentorium devices: A sanitation tools for control fruit flies and augmentation parasitoids of fruit flies on chilli plants Wildan Muhlison; Irwanto Sucipto; Ahmad Tantowi; Muhammad Usman; Ichsan Luqmana Indra Putra
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.226280-289

Abstract

Fruit flies, Bactrocera spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae), cause severe yield losses in chili production and conventional insecticide-based control raises environmental and resistance concerns. To our knowledge, this study was the first field evaluation in Indonesia to measure the mesh size threshold for an augmentorium that simultaneously retains newly emerged adult Bactrocera insects and allows for the release of naturally occurring parasitoids. This research aimed to identify fruit fly parasitoid species found in chili (Capsicum frutescens L.) fields and recommend mesh sizes that would enable parasitoids to pass through augmentation devices. This study was conducted in Balung District and the Agrofarmaka Laboratory of Jember University, Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Infested chili fruits were placed in augmentorium devices fitted with four mesh diameters 0.5 mm/32 Mesh; 0.75 mm/24 Mesh; 1 mm/16 Mesh; and.5 mm/12 Mesh. Observations were made by identifying parasitoid species and counting the number of emerging parasitoids. The results showed the presence of two parasitoids, Psyttalia fijiensis and Trichopria sp., which successfully emerged from samples and passed through the meshes. P. fijiensis was able to traverse only the largest mesh (1.5 mm), whereas Trichopria sp. passed even the smallest mesh (0.5 mm). Based on these results, the 1.5 mm (12-mesh) augmentorium optimizes its dual function as a sanitation tool for fruit infested with fruit flies and as a parasitoid augmentation in chili cultivation. This evidence supports the practical application of augmentorium as a landscape-scale celement in integrated pest management for Bactrocera spp. is supported by this evidence.
Biphasic expression pattern of heat shock protein 90 (PnHsp90) in Pentalonia nigronervosa during acquisition of banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) Alan Soffan; Indah Nuraini; Siti Subandiyah
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.226451-462

Abstract

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is highly conserved molecular chaperone chaperone involved in cellular stress responses and has been implicated in insect–virus interactions. This study aimed to characterize the Hsp90 gene (PnHsp90) of Pentalonia nigronervosa, the principal vector of banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), and to investigate its transcriptional dynamics during virus acquisition. RNA-seq datasets (SRX6918251 and SRX6918252) were retrieved from GenBank for PnHsp90 identification and subsequent physicochemical, structural, and phylogenetic analyses using ProtParam, CYS-REC, I-TASSER, SWISS-MODEL, and MEGA X. PnHsp90 encodes a protein of 726 amino acids with an acidic theoretical isoelectric point (pI = 4.94), a high aliphatic index (82.84), and a conserved EEVD motif characteristic of cytosolic Hsp90s proteins. Structural modelling based on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hsp90–Sba1 complex (PDB: 2C9B) generated a reliable tertiary structure (TM-score = 0.72), supporting the conservation of Hsp90 domain architecture. Phylogenetic analysis placed PnHsp90 in a clade closely related to Myzus persicae, consistent with aphid evolutionary relationships. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed a biphasic transcriptional response during acquisition access periods (AAPs), characterized by rapid induction at 1 hour (2.5-fold), marked downregulation at 5 and 10 h, and renewed upregulation at 20 hours (1.7-fold). The dynamic expression profile suggests that PnHsp90 is involved in the physiological responses of P. nigronervosa during both the early and later stages of BBTV acquisition. This study provides the first integrative characterization of PnHsp90 and identifies it as a promising candidate for future functional studies aimed at elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying BBTV acquisition and vector competence.
Development of a cost-effective IoT-based smart fruit fly trap with LoRa communication for area-wide pest monitoring Alan Soffan; Firdaus; Hesty B.T. Asminingsih; Mursyid F. Sabilillah; Suputa; Imaduddin Abdul Majid; Dualim Atma Dewangga; Fathi Alfinur Rizqi
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.226498-512

Abstract

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are among the most destructive pests of horticultural crops, requiring continuous and coordinated surveillance to support effective Area-Wide Pest Management (AWPM). This study developed and evaluated a low-cost IoT-based smart fruit fly trap designed for automated pest monitoring under field conditions. The system was adapted from a conventional fruit fly trap and integrated with automatic infrared counting sensors, environmental sensors, a microcontroller, and LoRa/GSM communication for wireless data transmission Sensor performance was evaluated under laboratory conditions using three fruit fly population densities (10, 30, and 50 individuals). Single- and two-sensor configurations produced relatively low counting accuracy (<35% and 34–58%, respectively), whereas the three-sensor configuration consistently achieved counting accuracies exceeding >84%, demonstrating reliable automated insect detection. Power consumption remained stable during sensing operations, with only brief increases during data transmission, allowing the system to operate for approximately 3.5 days using rechargeable batteries before recharging. Field evaluation showed that LoRa communication maintained stable wireless data transmission over distances of up to 3 km, enabling coordinated monitoring across multiple trapping locations. Monitoring data were transmitted to a web-based platform for real-time visualization, storage, and management, facilitating rapid access to pest population information. The developed smart trapping system provides a practical, affordable, and energy-efficient approach for large-scale fruit fly surveillance and has strong potential to support timely decision-making in AWPM programs and sustainable pest management.
Vatiga illudens Drake (Hemiptera: Tingidae): Morphometry and abundance in Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia Muhammad Rifqi Shafari; Nina Maryana; I Wayan Winasa
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.126247-255

Abstract

Vatiga illudens Drake (Hemiptera: Tingidae) is a newly emerging pest of cassava in Indonesia. This species has not yet been classified as a quarantine pest by the Indonesian government, allowing it to spread largely unnoticed. This study aimed to determine the abundance and morphometric characteristics of V. illudens in Bogor Regency, West Java. The research was conducted by collecting lace bug specimens preserved in 70% alcohol from nine cassava plantations located in two villages of Bojong Gede Subdistrict and one village of Tajurhalang Subdistrict. Lace bug abundance was analyzed using the least significant difference (LSD) test. Specimens were identified based on morphological characteristics using an Olympus SZ51 stereo microscope, and morphometric variables were measured using a Leica DFC 450 microscope. The results confirmed that the collected specimens were V. illudens, and their body measurements were relatively larger than those reported from Brazil and East Java. The mean body length and width were 1.01 ± 0.03 mm and 0.25 ± 0.03 mm for first-instar nymphs; 1.29 ± 0.09 mm and 0.36 ± 0.02 mm for second-instar nymphs; 1.62 ± 0.13 mm and 0.54 ± 0.04 mm for third-instar nymphs; 2.36 ± 0.08 mm and 0.72 ± 0.06 mm for fourth-instar nymphs; 3.14 ± 0.15 mm and 0.98 ± 0.09 mm for fifth-instar nymphs; and 4.44 ± 0.11 mm and 1.28 ± 0.04 mm for imagos. The highest V. illudens abundance was observed in Susukan Village, and populations in all observation villages were dominated by males.
Efficacy of organic and inorganic treatments against Alternaria leaf spot disease of Conocarpus erectus L. in Iraq Eman k. Abdul-Karim; Haneen Abd-Alhaleem Ali; Tariq A. Kareem
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.126270-279

Abstract

Severe leaf spot disease has recently been observed on Conocarpus erectus (buttonwood) trees in Iraq, with artificial inoculation resulting in a disease severity of 91.6%. Morphological, microscopic, and molecular analyses using ITS1/ITS4 primers identified Alternaria alternata as the causal agent. Two isolates (Alt.1IQ and Alt.2IQ; GenBank accession numbers OM994386 and OM994387) exhibited 98.05–100% sequence similarity with previously reported Iraqi isolates. In vitro antifungal assays demonstrated that magnesium sulphate, sodium bicarbonate, and neem oil at a concentration of 0.4% inhibited fungal growth by 57.63%, 55.62%, and 50.80%, respectively. Laboratory leaf assays revealed that all tested treatments at 0.2–0.4% completely suppressed fungal development, resulting in 0% affected leaf area compared with 31.96% in the untreated control. Nursery trials showed that neem oil and sodium bicarbonate were the most effective treatments, reducing disease severity to 8.3–16.6% and 8.3–25.0%, respectively, while magnesium sulphate achieved a moderate reduction (24.33–25.0%. The chemical fungicide Coastine 38WG completely prevented disease development (0% severity), whereas untreated seedlings exhibited 91.6% disease severity. Overall, neem oil and sodium bicarbonate at 0.4% emerged as promising eco-friendly alternatives for managing A. alternata –induced leaf spot disease in Conocarpus seedlings. These findings support their potential incorporation into sustainable and integrated disease management strategies aimed at reducing reliance on synthetic fungicides.
Induction of defense-related enzymes in tomato plants inoculated with selected rhizobacteria against bacterial wilt disease Yulmira Yanti; Hasmiandy Hamid; Yaherwandi Yaherwandi; Raflin Reflin
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.126256-269

Abstract

Bacterial wilt caused Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis is one of the most destructive disease of tomato and results in severe yield losses. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known to enhance plant growth and health. In previous research, seven selected PGPR strains were identified for their ability to suppress R. syzygii subsp. indonesiensis and promote tomato growth. The present study aimed to evaluate the enzymatic defense responses of tomato plants inoculated with two selected rhizobacterial strains. The strains were assessed for their ability to induce the production of defense-related enzymes, including peroxidase (PO), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and lipoxygenase (LO). R. syzigii subsp. indonesiensis was inoculated onto tomato plants seven days after rhizobacterial treatment at the seedling stage. Enzyme activities were recorded from 0 to 30 days after pathogen inoculation at two-day intervals. The results showed a reduction in disease incidence and severity in tomato plants treated with the two rhizobacterial strains compared with the control. E. oryzendophyticus RZ.2.2.AG2 demonstrated greater effectiveness in reducing disease incidence (26%) and severity (2.5) than B. thuringiensis RZ.1.1.AG4. Enzyme activity assays further confirmed that both strains induced plant resistance by increasing PAL, PO, PPO, and LO activities, with significantly higher enzyme activity observed in roots than in leaves. Tomato plants treated with E. oryzendophyticus RZ.2.2.AG2 exhibited the highest enzyme activities in both roots and leaves, indicating that disease suppression was associated with induced systemic resistance (ISR) mediated through activation of defense-related enzymes.
Termite symbiont bacteria as biological agents against anthrachnose of bird’s eye chilli caused by Colletotrichum sp. Gallyndra Fatkhu Dinata; Ardeva Duta Widura; Achmad Diva Maulana; Vernanda Hani Pradana Sakti; Zattury Alda Wiya; Risma Azizatur Rofiqoh; Descha Giatri Cahyaningrum; Rifzi Devi Nurvitasari
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.226304-316

Abstract

Symbiotic bacteria associated with termites are a largely unexplored resource with potential for use as biological control agents. This study investigates their effectiveness in managing anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum sp. in bird’s eye chili, a disease known to impact crop productivity and yield. Despite its prevalence, farmers often rely on chemical pesticides, which pose environmental risks. The research was carried out over four months at the Plant Protection Laboratory, Bioscience Laboratory, and Innovation Garden of Politeknik Negeri Jember. The experimental procedures included bacterial isolation, preliminary antagonistic screening, hypersensitivity testing, in vitro assays against Colletotrichum sp., in vivo efficacy testing for disease suppression, and molecular identification. Four bacterial isolates—IR1A4, IR1A6, IR1A8, and IR4D3—demonstrated inhibitory effects against the pathogen. In vitro inhibition rates ranged from 22.52% to 80.47%, while in vivo suppression ranged from 7.89% to 18.42%. The IR1A6 isolate, closely related to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, was the most effective in reducing pathogen growth. These findings highlight the potential of termite-derived bacteria as novel sources of biocontrol agents capable of suppressing fungal pathogens across diverse ecosystems.
Compatibility of Piper retrofractum and Annona squamosa extract mixture against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Hamdan Maruli Siregar; Dadang Dadang; Dewi Sartiami; I Wayan Winasa; Siska Efendi; Gusti Indriati
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.126226-236

Abstract

Dependence on synthetic insecticides for controlling Spodoptera frugiperda has led to various adverse effects, including pest resistance, mortality of non-target organisms, and environmental pollution. These concerns necessitate the development of alternative control strategies, such as botanical insecticides that are both effective and environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the toxicity and potential synergistic interactions of a hexane extract mixture of Piper retrofractum (Pr) and Annona squamosa (As) against second-instar larvae of S. frugiperda. Toxicity assays were conducted using the feed residue method in a completely randomized design with five extract mixture ratios of Pr:As (3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 w/w), each replicated five times. The results showed that the 2:1 (w/w) ratio was the most effective combination, yielding the lowest LC50 and LC95 values of 0.03% and 0.12%, respectively, at 96 hours after treatment. A higher proportion of Pr in the extract mixture tended to produce faster and more pronounced lethal effects on S. frugiperda larvae, and vice versa. The 2:1 (w/w) ratio also exhibited strong and stable synergistic interactions at all observation times at both LC50 and LC95 levels. This enhanced effectiveness is likely attributable to synergistic interactions among the active compounds present in each extract. These findings indicate that a mixture of P. retrofractum and A. squamosa extracts at a 2:1 (w/w) ratio has strong potential as an effective and efficient botanical insecticide to support the implementation of sustainable integrated pest management strategies.
First record of the spiral nematode Scutellonema brachyurum (Rhabditida: Hoplolaimidae) in strawberry plants Fitrianingrum Kurniawati; Supramana Supramana; Dhiva Quamilla
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.126208-215

Abstract

Strawberries are a popular fruit crop with promising cultivation prospects in Indonesia. However, their production is constrained by various pathogens, including plant-parasitic nematodes. This study aimed to characterize the nematode Scutellonema brachyurum infecting strawberry plants in West Java using morphological and molecular approaches. Soil and root samples were selectively collected from both symptomatic and asymptomatic plants. Nematodes were extracted from soil using the flotation–centrifugation technique and from roots using the mist chamber method. Morphological identification was complemented by molecular analysis using universal D2A/D3B primers targeting the D2–D3 region of the 28S rRNA gene, followed by DNA sequencing. Data were processed and analyzed descriptively. The nematode S. brachyurum infecting strawberry plants was successfully characterized using both morphological and molecular techniques. PCR amplification produced DNA fragments of approximately 700 bp. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that S. brachyurum isolates from West Java shared 83.7%–93.8% similarity with isolates from other countries. Scutellonema brachyurum was identified in Lebakmuncang (Ciwidey Sub-district) and Alamendah (Rancabali Sub-district), Bandung Regency, as well as in Langensari (Lembang Sub-district), West Bandung Regency. The nematode population detected in the samples ranged from 1 to 6 individuals. These findings indicate that S. brachyurum is distributed across several major strawberry-producing areas in West Java.

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