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All Journal Journal of Material Science and Radiation
Hong, Yap Siew
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Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Safety Evaluation of MRI Magnetic Field Leakage from Different Configurations Hong, Yap Siew; Nordin, Siti Aisyah Mohd; Kechik, Mohd Mustafa Awang; Karim, Muhammad Khalis Abdul; Ramli, Zarina; Baqjiah, Hussien; Chen, Soo Kien; Lim, Kean Pah; Shabdin, Muhammad Kashfi; Kamarudin, Aliah Nursyahirah; Doyan, Aris; Mohamed, Arebat Ryad Alhadei; Shaari, Abdul Halim
Journal of Material Science and Radiation Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Balai Publikasi Indonesia

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) systems generate intense static magnetic fields (SMFs), with fringe field propagation varying considerably between installations, even among scanners that operate at the same nominal field strength. This study investigates the safety implications of magnetic field leakage by quantifying and comparing SMFs distributions surrounding multiple MRI facilities. The assessment covers 1.5 T MRI scanners at Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM) and Hospital Pakar Kanak-Kanak UKM (HPKK), and 3 T scanners at the National Cancer Institute / Institut Kanser Negara (IKN), Pusat Pengimejan Diagnostik Nuklear (PPDN), and HCTM. Magnetic field intensities were recorded using a Magnetometer HP-01 provided by the Medical Radiation Surveillance Division (BKRP), Ministry of Health Malaysia, and visualised using MATLAB to model spatial field dispersion. Statistical tools, including Box and Whisker plots and the Shapiro-Wilk test, were employed to analyse magnetic field uniformity and containment. Specifically, 1.5 T scanners at HCTM and HPKK, and 3.0 T scanners at IKN, PPDN, and HCTM, each displayed distinct SMFs propagation profiles. These findings align with earlier studies conducted in Italy, confirming that magnetic field distributions near the magnet core can differ substantially based on scanner model and site-specific installation variables—even when B₀ remains constant. Notably, HCTM exhibited superior SMFs confinement, with lower standard deviation and a narrower distribution range, suggesting better shielding design. This enhances occupational safety in zones where radiographers frequently operate. The results reinforce the need for site-specific SMFs assessments and optimised shielding practices to maintain safe MRI environments for both staff and patients
Effect of SnO2 Addition on YBCO Superconducting Properties through Thermal Treatment Method Kamarudin, Aliah Nursyahirah; Yeow, Tan Kar; Kechik, Mohd Mustafa Awang; Kien, Chen Soo; Pah, Lim Kean; Shabdin, Muhammad Kashfi; Hapipi, Nurhidayah Mohd; Karim, Muhammad Khalis Abdul; Doyan, Aris; Hong, Yap Siew; Shaari, Abdul Halim
Journal of Material Science and Radiation Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Balai Publikasi Indonesia

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In this study, YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) superconductors were synthesized using a thermal treatment method with the addition of 1.0 wt. % SnO₂. The synthesis of YBCO employed nitrate-based precursors and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a capping agent to enhance homogeneity during the synthesis process. All samples were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Four-point probe (4PP). TGA results of the pure YBCO sample confirmed the complete transformation of nitrate-based precursors into oxide forms prior to the formation of the YBCO phase. XRD pattern revealed that Y123 as a major phase and Y124 as a minor phase in all samples with orthorhombic crystal structure were preserved. However, the peak intensity of the Y123 was pronounced with the addition of the SnO2 sample, suggesting the enhancement phase formation due to the presence of SnO₂. The electrical resistivity measures revealed a sharp superconducting transition in all samples. However, the reduction in superconducting transition temperatures for the SnO2 addition were observed where the Tc-onset decreased from 91.70 K to 89.25 K for the YBCO and YBCO + 1.0 wt.% of SnO2, respectively. This also exhibited the broadening of transition width, ΔTc indicating the suppression of superconducting properties with SnO₂ inclusion. SEM analysis showed notable differences in microstructure. The pure YBCO sample exhibited a larger average grain size of 1.32 µm, while the YBCO + 1.0 wt. % SnO2 sample formed small and rounded grains with smoother edges, potentially impacting intergranular connectivity and charge transport. Therefore, the addition of 1.0 wt. % SnO2 to YBCO enhanced the formation of the Y123 phase but adversely affected the superconducting transition temperature and microstructural features. These findings highlight the dual role of SnO2 in promoting phase purity while modifying grain morphology and electrical performance, offering insight into the optimization of dopants in high-temperature superconductors
A Modified Thermal Decomposition Approach for The Synthesis of Phase-Pure YBa₂Cu₃O₇−δ Superconductor Dzul-Kifli, Nur Athirah Che; Zakaria, Nurul Zafirah; Kechik, Mohd Mustafa Awang; Kien, Chen Soo; Pah, Lim Kean; Shaari, Abdul Halim; Shabdin, Muhammad Kashfi; Doyan, Aris; Hong, Yap Siew; Hapipi, Nur Hidayah Mohd
Journal of Material Science and Radiation Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Balai Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56566/jmsr.v2i1.694

Abstract

High temperature superconductor of YBa2Cu3O7-δ (Y-123) has been synthesised using the modified thermal decomposition method (MTD). In this work, a pure Y-123 sample is produced using an acetate-based material as a precursor and sintered at 980 oC. The study on the phase formation, superconducting properties and microstructural characteristics of pure Y-123 was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), four-point probe (4PP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of a single-phase orthorhombic Y-123 crystal structure with an orthorhombicity of 0.008, indicating high phase purity without detectable impurity phases. Electrical measurements revealed a sharp superconducting transition with a critical onset temperature, Tc-onset of 97.3. SEM observations showed plate-like grains with an average grain size of 2.25 µm and good grain connectivity. These results demonstrate that the modified thermal decomposition technique is an effective approach for producing phase-pure YBCO superconductors with excellent structural and superconducting properties, highlighting its potential for advanced superconducting applications
Co-Authors Aris Doyan Baqjiah, Hussien Chen, Soo Kien Dzul-Kifli, Nur Athirah Che Hapipi, Nur Hidayah Mohd Hapipi, Nurhidayah Mohd Kamarudin, Aliah Nursyahirah Karim, Muhammad Khalis Abdul Kechik, Mohd Mustafa Awang Kien, Chen Soo Lim, Kean Pah Mohamed, Arebat Ryad Alhadei Nordin, Siti Aisyah Mohd Pah, Lim Kean Ramli, Zarina Shaari, Abdul Halim Shabdin, Muhammad Kashfi Yeow, Tan Kar Zakaria, Nurul Zafirah