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All Journal Edusoshum: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam dan Sosial Humaniora
Rifai, Mohammad Rohman
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Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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Islamic Tolerance as an Ethics o Islamic Tolerance as an Ethics of Coexistence in Muḥammad ʿImārah’s Thought Rohman, Muhammad Ainur; Ulum, M. Miftahul; Agustia, Zennanta; Rivaldi, Muhammad Fauzan; Rifai, Mohammad Rohman; Zahiduzzaka, Muhammad Faza; Arofat, Muchtar; Zarkasyi, Ziad Ahmad
Edusoshum : Journal of Islamic Education and Social Humanities Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Ikatan Cendikiawan Ilmu Pendidikan Islam (ICIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52366/edusoshum.v6i2.397

Abstract

Debates on Islamic tolerance continue to turn on the relation between doctrinal conviction, freedom of conscience, and public coexistence in plural societies. This article examines how Muḥammad ʿImārah’s Al-Samāḥah al-Islāmiyyah constructs Islamic tolerance as coexistence ethics. Using directed qualitative content analysis, the study analyzes textual units concerning Qur'anic non-coercion, the Medina Charter, the Najran Covenant, historical coexistence, and critiques of coercive exclusivism. The analysis shows that ʿImārah organizes tolerance through four interrelated categories: theological non-coercion, constitutional pluralism, active protection of religious communities, and historical participation in Islamic civilization. Its contribution lies in reading Al-Samāḥah al-Islāmiyyah as a unified textual construction that links faith, law, citizenship, protection, and participation. Indonesia is used only as a theoretical context for discussing the relevance of these categories to religious moderation and national coexistence, not as an empirical field site. The article argues that al-samāḥah can function as an Islamic ethical-political vocabulary for defending religious freedom, inclusive citizenship, minority protection, and interfaith solidarity in plural societies.
Co-Authors Agustia, Zennanta Arofat, Muchtar M. Miftahul Ulum, M. Miftahul Rivaldi, Muhammad Fauzan Rohman, Muhammad Ainur Zahiduzzaka, Muhammad Faza Zarkasyi, Ziad Ahmad