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All Journal Herbal Medicine Journal Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences.
Asyrun Alkhairi Lubis
PUI Phyto Degenerative & Lifestyle Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Efek Nefroprotektif Ekstrak Daun Kersen pada Tikus Model Nefrotoksisitas: Analisis Biokimia, Histopatologi, Antioksidan, dan Sitokin Asyrun Alkhairi Lubis; Razoki Razoki; Novitaria Br. Sembiring; Nina Nurdiana Hasibuan; Miranda Simanjuntak; Rikki DP Turnip; Gabriella Tarigan
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i2.1339

Abstract

Background: Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity is closely associated with oxidative stress and inflammation that lead to renal damage. Natural compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are potential nephroprotective agents. Muntingia calabura L. leaves are rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and polyphenols. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of Muntingia calabura L. leaf ethanol extract in a gentamicin-induced rat model. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normal control, negative control (gentamicin), and treatment groups receiving extract doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW. Renal function, inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant activity, and histopathological changes were evaluated. Results: The extract demonstrated dose-dependent nephroprotective activity, with the 400 mg/kgBW dose showing the most optimal effect in improving renal function, reducing inflammatory responses, and preserving kidney histological structure. Conclusion: Muntingia calabura L. leaf extract exhibits nephroprotective potential through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, supporting its development as a natural therapeutic candidate.
Uji Efektivitas Nefroprotektif Ekstrak Buah Kersen (Muntingia Calabura) Terhadap Perubahan Morfologi Ginjal dan Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-ɑ) pada Tikus yang di Induksi Gentamicin Gracia Indri Perangin-Angin; Asyrun Alkhairi Lubis; Refi Ikhtiari
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i2.1543

Abstract

Background: Gentamicin is an effective aminoglycoside antibiotic widely used in the treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, its clinical use is often limited by nephrotoxicity associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, characterized by increased levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and alterations in renal morphology. Kersen fruit (Muntingia calabura L.) contains various bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and polyphenols, which exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and may provide nephroprotective effects. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of kersen fruit extract on renal morphological changes and TNF-α levels in gentamicin-induced rats. Methods: An experimental study was conducted using five groups of male rats (n = 5 per group), consisting of a normal control group, a gentamicin control group (100 mg/kg BW), and three treatment groups receiving gentamicin combined with kersen fruit extract at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW, respectively. The observed parameters included macroscopic renal morphology (color, texture, and size) and TNF-α levels. Data were analyzed using One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post hoc test at a 95% confidence level. Results: Gentamicin induction caused dark brown discoloration of the kidneys and significantly increased TNF-α levels compared with the normal control group (p < 0.01). Administration of kersen fruit extract demonstrated a dose-dependent tendency to improve renal morphology and reduce TNF-α levels. The most pronounced effect was observed at a dose of 400 mg/kg BW, which resulted in the lowest TNF-α level and renal morphology closest to normal conditions. However, the differences among treatment groups were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Kersen fruit (Muntingia calabura L.) extract demonstrated potential nephroprotective activity against gentamicin-induced renal injury, as indicated by the tendency to improve renal morphology and reduce TNF-α levels. The dose of 400 mg/kg BW exhibited the most favorable effect among the tested doses. Further studies involving longer treatment durations, larger sample sizes, and additional renal function parameters are required to confirm the nephroprotective efficacy of kersen fruit extract.
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Tablet Effervescent dari Ekstrak daun Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthophodium Dc.) dengan Variasi Asam dan Basa Novrika Desclarita Naibaho; Roy Indrianto Bangar; Asyrun Alkhairi Lubis
Herbal Medicine Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Herbal Medicine Journal
Publisher : Program Studi S1 Farmasi, STIKES Senior, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58996/hmj.v9i1.206

Abstract

Andaliman leaves (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) are a plant that has the potential to be used as a natural ingredient in the development of herbal preparations. Andaliman leaves are known to contain secondary metabolite compounds, including flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and tannins. This potential encourages the processing of Andaliman leaves into extracts which are then formulated in the form of effervescent tablets to increase practicality of use. This study aims to produce effervescent tablets of Andaliman leaf extract with good physical quality by making three formulas with varying concentrations of acid-base components. Extraction was carried out using 70% ethanol solvent, then an evaluation of the properties of the resulting granules and tablets was carried out. The test results showed that all formulas met the requirements for organoleptic tests, water content, flow time, and compressibility, but in the angle of repose test only F2 met the criteria. Tablet evaluation showed that all formulas met the organoleptic tests, hardness, friability, and dissolution time, while the uniformity and weight tests still showed discrepancies in some formulas. Overall, formula F2 is the best formula because it meets most of the evaluation parameters for granules and tablets, so it has the greatest potential to be developed as an effervescent tablet preparation from andaliman leaf extract.
Co-Authors Gabriella Tarigan Gracia Indri Perangin-Angin Miranda Simanjuntak Nina Nurdiana Hasibuan Novitaria Br. Sembiring Novrika Desclarita Naibaho Razoki Razoki Refi Ikhtiari Rikki DP Turnip Roy Indrianto Bangar