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Implementation of the Murabahah Agreement in Sharia Financial Institutions and a Review of Its Alleged Irregularities Moh. Habibun Nawafil; Fajar Fajar; Khoirun Nasik; Aliya Riza Adiba
Al-Sharf: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Vol 7, No 2 (2026): Publication in progress
Publisher : Yayasan Rahmat Islamiyah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56114/al-sharf.v7i2.13236

Abstract

Murabahah contact is one of the most dominant products used in Islamic financial institutions because it is considered to have a relatively low level of risk and provides certainty of profit for financial institutions. However, the practice of murabahah in Islamic financial institutions often gives rise to various debates. Some parties consider the practice to be similar to the credit system in conventional banking. In addition, there are differences of opinion among scholars regarding the validity of several murabahah mechanisms, including the possibility of legal engineering.This study aims to analyze the concept of the murabahah contract from the perspective of fiqh muamalah using a library research method with a descriptive qualitative approach through the review of various literature sources such as the Qur'an, hadith, fatwas of DSN-MUI, laws and regulations, and other relevant scientific works.The results of the study indicate that murabahah is a valid sale and purchase contract under Islamic law as long as it fulfills the pillars and conditions, such as clarity of the cost price, agreement on the profit margin, and ownership of the goods by the seller before the contract is concluded. This research provides an academic perspective that can be used to evaluate and improve murabahah financing practices so that they are more in line with sharia principles.  
Algorithmic Injustice in E-Contract Termination: Islamic and Indonesian Legal Analysis of Shopee’s Return Policy Ahmad Musadad; Achmad Badarus Syamsi; Fajar Fajar; Muttaqin Choiri; Imamuddin Imamuddin
Tadayun: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Syariah, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Datokarama Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24239/tadayun.v7i1.595

Abstract

Algorithmic automation in digital transactions often overlooks substantive justice, as evidenced by the automatic approval feature within Shopee’s return and refund policy, which triggers systemic injustice for sellers. This research aims to analyze the unilateral termination of contracts by algorithmic systems through the perspectives of Islamic Law and Indonesian Positive Law. Employed a socio legal research method with case, statutory, and comparative approaches, this study discussed the anomaly of termination as a system act. The results indicated the auto-acc feature created technical coercion that paralyzes the seller’s verification rights and violates the principle of An Tarāḍin, thereby triggering buyer moral hazard risks. Theoretically, this research contributes through the integration of Contractual Balance Theory and Maqāṣid al-Mu‘āmalah to identify bargaining position distortions in algorithmic termination. The research conclusion affirmed that the platform’s absolute discretion violates the doctrine of good faith and property protection (ḥifẓ al-māl). It is recommended to establish a digital economic law harmonization model that mandates human oversight, and compensation mechanisms (ta‘wīḍ) to ensure the integrity of a substantively fair e-commerce ecosystem. Abstrak Otomatisasi algoritma dalam transaksi digital sering kali mengabaikan keadilan substantif, sebagaimana terlihat pada fitur persetujuan otomatis pada fitur pengembalian barang/dana Shopee yang memicu ketidakadilan sistemik bagi penjual. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis terminasi akad sepihak oleh sistem algoritma melalui perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif Indonesia. Menggunakan metode penelitian hukum sosiologis dengan pendekatan kasus, perundang-undangan, dan perbandingan, penelitian ini membedah anomali terminasi sebagai tindakan sistem (system-act). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fitur auto-acc menciptakan paksaan teknis (technical coercion) yang melumpuhkan hak verifikasi penjual dan mencederai asas ‘An Tarāḍin, sehingga memicu risiko moral hazard pembeli. Secara teoretis, penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi melalui integrasi Teori Keseimbangan Kontraktual dan Maqāṣid al-Mu‘āmalah untuk mengidentifikasi distorsi posisi tawar dalam terminasi algoritmik. Simpulan penelitian menegaskan bahwa diskresi absolut platform melanggar doktrin itikad baik dan perlindungan harta (ḥifẓ al-māl). Direkomendasikan adanya model harmonisasi hukum ekonomi digital yang mewajibkan pengawasan manusia (human oversight) dan mekanisme kompensasi (ta‘wīḍ) guna menjamin integritas ekosistem e-commerce yang berkeadilan substantif.