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All Journal Untirta Civic Education Journal Science and Education Journal
KARTIKA DELSYA
Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
Humanities Education Social Sciences Other

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REGRESI POLIARKI DI INDONESIA (2019–2024): ANALISIS DEMOKRASI PROSEDURAL DAN SUBSTANSIAL KARTIKA DELSYA; RIA ERICA SALTY; RIZKI ANINGRUM
UNTIRTA CIVIC EDUCATION JOURNAL Vol 11, No 1 (2026): UCEJ: Untirta Civic Education Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30870/ucej.v11i1.39862

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the dynamics of democracy in Indonesia during the 2019–2024 period through the framework of Robert Dahl’s theory of polyarchy. Although Indonesia has procedurally continued to implement electoral democratic mechanisms, various indicators point to significant symptoms of democratic regression. Using a descriptive-analytical qualitative approach based on a literature review, this study examines five key indicators of polyarchy: political participation, contestation, civil liberties, access to information, and democratic institutions. The findings reveal that the quality of polyarchy in Indonesia has undergone substantive degradation due to two main determining factors: the strengthening of legislative oligarchy, which triggers the phenomenon of institutional capture, and the emergence of digital authoritarianism that suppresses civic space through opinion manipulation and the criminalization of expression. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of analysis between capital dominance within law-making institutions and technology-based repression, which simultaneously weakens the oversight function of citizens. The study concludes that Indonesia is currently in a state of “distorted polyarchy,” where democratic instruments are used as a stamp of legitimacy for elite interests. Keywords: Polyarchy, Robert Dahl, Legislative Oligarchy, Digital Authoritarianism, Democratic Regression.
Peningkatan Sadar Politik bagi Calon Legislatif Menjelang Pemilu dan Pemilukada Tahun 2024 di Provinsi Banten Febri Saefulloh; Agung Tesa Gumilar; Titi Alawiyah; Kartika Delsya; Ria Erica Salty
Science and Education Journal (SICEDU) Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Science and Education Journal 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/sicedu.v5i2.260

Abstract

The simultaneous general elections (Pemilu) and regional elections (Pemilukada) of 2024 in Banten Province present a clear democratic irony: the quantitative increase of legislative candidates from 85 to 100 seats has not been matched by a corresponding growth in their political awareness. This study aims to analyze the level of political awareness among legislative candidates (caleg) in Banten Province and the adaptive strategies they employ in response to structural challenges in the 2024 electoral contest. A qualitative approach utilizing a case study method was employed to explore this phenomenon in depth. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis of 12 candidate informants from various political parties across the Millennial and Gen Z generations, selected through purposive sampling in Serang City, Banten Province. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, validated through source and technique triangulation. The findings reveal two dominant structural challenges: the hegemony of high cost politics that marginalizes intellectual capital, and a political awareness deficit at both the candidate and voter levels. Conversely, adaptive strategies were identified, including social media utilization as a low-cost campaign instrument, local wisdom approaches, and religious symbolism. This study concludes that enhancing political awareness requires a fundamental transformation in the role of political parties, from mere electoral vehicles to substantive political education institutions through structured and sustained mentoring and cadre development.
Co-Authors Agung Tesa Gumilar Febri Saefulloh Ria Erica Salty Rizki Aningrum Titi Alawiyah