Khairana Zata Nugroho
Universitas Diponegoro

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Dutch East Indies, Its People, and Japan at The 1903 Osaka Exhibition Bryna Rizkinta; Khairana Zata Nugroho; Ahmad Fauzan Baihaqi; Fauzan Syahru Ramadhan
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 15(1) Juni 2026
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2026.14954

Abstract

This article examines the participation of the Dutch East Indies in the 1903 Osaka Industrial Exhibition and analyzes how the exhibition functioned as a site of negotiation between colonial interests, imperial ambition, and representational politics in early twentieth-century Asia. The study analyzes the motivations behind the Indies' participation and the representation of “Indonesianness” amid colonial concern over Japan's rise. Using historical methods, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography, the research finds that the motivation to participate in the exhibition was not only economic but also symbolic and diplomatic, as a Western power with a long history of friendship with Japan. At the same time, the exhibition, especially the Human Pavilion, revealed how Japan articulated its modern identity by adopting and modifying international exhibition practices previously developed in Europe. Through the Human Pavilion, Japan positioned itself differently from other Asian nations, including Java and Malay. This article argues that the Osaka Exhibition represented an early expression of a hierarchical worldview and colonial imagination that was in line with patterns later seen in Japanese imperial ideology, while also revealing the Dutch's ambiguous perception of Japan as both a modern partner and a potential threat to Western colonial domination in Asia.
Malaria Control and Medical Services in Cilacap Under Dutch Colonial Rule In the Early 20th Century Ilham Nur Utomo; Fauzan Syahru Ramadhan; Khairana Zata Nugroho; Desi Susanti
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 15(1) Juni 2026
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2026.15821

Abstract

This study examines health problems and healthcare services in Cilacap Regency in relation to malaria outbreaks during the Dutch colonial period in the early 20th century. Cilacap was known as the largest port in southern Java yet faced numerous complex health problems. This study employs the historical method, which is categorized into four stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. In analyzing the research problems, biopower theory is used, which positions the role of the Dutch colonial government in controlling biological aspects and public health. The findings of this study indicate that the health of Cilacap Regency’s population was under threat from diseases, particularly malaria. Inadequate environmental conditions were one of the main factors in the spread of malaria. Furthermore, efforts to eradicate malaria through healthcare services remained limited. The Dutch colonial government’s health interventions were solely aimed at serving their economic interests. This made Cilacap Regency one of the areas with the lowest quality of public health despite the implementation of the Dutch Ethical Policy and economic activities at Cilacap Port.